Tashiro sanki – wikipedia

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TASHIRO SANKI (jap. Miki Tashiro ; * 1465 in TASHIRO, Provinz Musashi (HEUTE KOIKE, OGOSE (Saitama)) [first] ; † 1537 [2] ) was a Japanese doctor who in the age of the disputes ( SENGOKU-JIDAI ) Medicine in Japan gave a strong and sustainable impulse and next to Manase Dōsan and Nagata Tokuhon to the “Three Doctors worthwhile” ( Three sages , SANSEI ) In change in the early modernism.

Tashiro Sanki entered a Zen temple of the Rinzai direction at the age of 15, then switched to Ashikaga School, one of the oldest educational institutions in Japan, in which Confucianism, Chinese medicine, war sciences, I went, etc. In 1487 he moved to China at the age of 23 and became a student of the famous monk doctor Yuè Hú ( Moon Lake ). Twelve years later he returned with numerous writings, including the works written by his teacher Quan jiŭ ej ( All nine episodes , jap. Zenku-SHū ) and Her yīn fāng ( Dedicated , jap. Saiina-a ), back to Japan.

After a short stay in Kamakura, he became a lovers of the Ashikaga Shigeuji ( Mr. Shira Ashikaga ) in Koga (Province of Shimousa, today Ibaraki Prefecture). Here he gave up the monk status and married. During this time, his name spread as “Sanki von Koga” ( Furukawa Sanki , Koga No Sanki ). A few years later, he returned to his home country and took care of the sick in the region.

On September 1, 1961, his alleged birthplace was recognized by the prefecture as a historical site. [first]

In China, Tashiro had mainly dealt with the medicine of the Jin dynasty (1125–1234) (also Jurchen dynasty) and the Yuan dynasty. Here the teachings of the two doctors dominated Lǐ Gǎo ( Li Yan , Alias ​​Lǐ Dōngyuán ( Li Dongyuan ), 1180-1251) and Zhū Dānxī ( Zhu Danxi , 1281–1358). Both represented tonal therapies and gave in their theoretical foundation of the relationship between body and the environment, i.e. H. The way of life, special attention. We find a close connection to that of Zhū Xī ( Zhu Yan , 1120–1200) NEO Confucianism represented, which later came to Japan via Korea and had a strong influence on Japanese thinking during the EDO period. Under LIS writings, the “treatise on spleen and stomach” ( Spleen and stomach , Pí wì dwarf , 1249) a widespread distribution.

Back in Japan, Tashiro justified the “School of later Age” ( Later generations , Goseiha ), which was called because it was younger than the previously dominant teachings of the Chinese song. In its etiology, the wind and moisture played a major role as the cause of diseases. In the body it is above all the blood that To ( air , chin. qi ) and the Dissolve ( phlegm , Phlegma), which are affected. Younger finds of writings like that Shū-I tontoku ( Pay for a doctor ) show that he also knew about Buddhist medicine and ultimately had a fusion of these teachings with those of the Jin and Yuan era. Before the Jin dynasty there was a strong tendency to use pristed remedies, while the doctors of the Jin and Yuan era aligned the choice and manufacture of the funds in every single patient and illness. [3]

One protrudes among his numerous students, Dōsan, who took over these concepts and tried to adapt to the Japanese conditions. [4]

Most of the teachings recorded by students were only printed after his death. The following writings are considered representative:

  • SANKI Kaiō ISHO ( Sanji Weng Medical Book )
  • SANKI JIKISHI-HEN ( Sanxi straight point ). This work was handed down in the Hara family and published by Hara Nanyō (1753–1820), a doctor of the domain Mito, in 1790. (( Image file in the archive of the Waseda University, Tokyo )
  • Wakyoku-SHū ( Harmony ).
  1. ↑ a b Another possible place of birth is mentioned in the literature Kawagoe in the province of Musashi (now the city of Kawagoe, Saitama Prefecture). (( Kokushidaijiten )
  2. ↑ Other sources call the year 1544. See Yakazu (1982).
  3. ↑ Endō / NAKAMURA (1998)
  4. ↑ Endō / NAKAMURA (1998); Rosner (1989), S. 48f.
  • Endō Jirō, NAKAMURA TERUKO: Shū-I tontoku ni Mirareru tashiro Sanki NO Isetsu . Nihon Ishigaku Zasshi – Journal of the Japanese Society for the History of Medicine, Vol. 44, No. 1, 1998, S. 73–90.
  • Yū FUJIKAWA: The doctor in Japanese culture . Imperial Japanese Ministry of Education, Tokyo, 1911, p. 33.
  • Erhard Rosner: Medic history Japan , in: Handbook of Orientalistics, fifth department . Brill, Leiden, 1989.
  • Yakazu dōmei: Kinsei Kampō Igaku-Shi: Manase dōsan to Sono gakutō . TOKYO: meicho-shuppan, 1982.
  • S. or (HRSG.): TASHIRO SANKI . In: Japan. An Illustrated Encyclopedia. Kodansha, 1993. ISBN 4-06-205938-X, S. 1530.

Japanese name: As usual in Japan, the family name is in this article before the first name. So is TASHIRO the family name, As if the first name.