Border between Norway and Russia – Wikipedia
The State border Between Norway and Russia ( Norwegian Russian , Russian Russian-Norwegian border Rossijsko-Norweschskaya Granise ) consists of a 197.7 km long [2] Land border between Sør-Varanger, Norway, and the Petschengski rajon ( Russian PECHECHENGSKY DISTRICATION ), Russia. There is also a 23.2 km long sea limit in the Varangerfjord ( Norwegian Varangerfjord , Russian Varanger-Ford ). There is also a border between the exclusive economic zones of both countries in the Barentssee and in the Arctic Ocean. Between 1944 and 1991 it was the border between Norway and the Soviet Union. There is a single border crossing on the E105 near Storskog, Norway, and Borissoglebski ( Russian Borisoglebsky ), Russia.
The Norwegian side is monitored by the garrison from Sør-Varanger and is subject to the responsibility of the Norwegian border commissioner, while the Russian side is monitored by the FSB border troops in Russia.
The land border starts at the Varangerfjord east of the Kobbholmfjord at the Norwegian Grense Jakobsel with the König-Oskar-II. Chapel and follows the Jakobselva upstream. At the Jakobselvvatnet she turns west, east of the Ryssänjärvi turns to the northwest to the border crossing at Storskog, then surrounds the Russian Borissoglebski and continues south to the Skrukkebugta. From there she follows in the Pasvikelva (Russian па term, патсойоки, Patsojoki) through the Bjørnsund and goes through the Svanvatn. It follows the river course up to the Langvatn in the southwestern direction and runs over other lakes on the Norwegian Morud Gone to Nyrud. At the Bounded leaves the border the Pasvikelva and runs to the northwest to the border triangle (Norwegian Treriksrøysa), where it passes into the border between Finland and Norway and the border between Finland and Russia. Two thirds of the border follow the Pasvikelva and the Jakobselva.
Although the border has been the northernmost section of the eastern border of NATO since 1949 and from 1955 to 1991 was part of the western border of the Warsaw Pact, it has never been a border regime, which has been the Norwegian-Soviet border since 1991, such as the Norwegian-Russian border, such as given on the inner German border. From the Russian side there is a 18 -kilometer wide zone that can only be exceeded with a special permit. The official transition is in Storskog/Boris Gleb. This requires a visa unless you live there and have the “Grensboerbevis”. From the Norwegian side, it is allowed to go to the border directly. [3] In 2019, the travel blog “Fjordblick” described the impression at the transition storskog in 2019 with the words: “Objectively, the fascination border in the end actually remains only a sign, a wall and a fence.” [4] Driving and fishing in the border flows are allowed on the Norwegian side, but not everyone and only under certain conditions. [5]
The border area is monitored in many places on the Norwegian side, also at the Dreiländereck Norway – Russia – Finland, so that a circulation of the border stone is probably not without consequences even if nobody is physically present there in addition to the “border injury”. [6] Anyone who holds a hand in Russian territory must expect a punishment of 8,000 crowns (approx. 770 euros). [7]
As a result of the Ukraine secretary, Norway tightened the border controls. Another police helicopter was stationed in the region in order to be able to keep an eye on possible illegal transfers. [8]
An administrative border was defined in 1326 in the “Novgorod Treaty”. It was determined which parts of the seeds of Norway and the Republic of Novgorod could be taxed. The exact course of the border was determined by a contract in 1826 and is essentially unchanged to this day. In 1920 the area around Petamo was ceded to Finland and the border became part of the Finnish-Norwegian border. So Norway and Russia were no longer neighbors. Petamo was assigned to the Soviet Union in 1944 and the Norwegian-Soviet border was determined accordingly. During the Cold War, the border was one of NATO’s two borders to the USSR. [9] From 1991 to 1999 it was the only limit between Russia and NATO. It is Norway’s youngest unchanged border. Since the 1960s there have been disagreements between the exclusive economic zones of the two countries, which were solved in 2010 by a delimitation agreement.
On February 24, 2022, Russian armed forces began the attack on Ukraine at the command of the Russian President Putin. After the explosions of the North Stream Pipelines, Norway took further measures to secure its critical infrastructure. At the end of October 2022, it increased the military warning level of its armed forces. [ten]
- ↑ Border markings for Norway (yellow) and Russia (red and green) are two meters away from the measured border.
- ↑ Andrea Siger: Norwegian-Russian border grown by two kilometers. polarkreisportal.de, 29. November 2018, accessed on May 22, 2022 .
- ↑ Hike with military support through the bear area. Dieweltenbummler.de, 29. October 2012, accessed on May 22, 2022 .
- ↑ Kirkenes – An der Grenze Zu Russia. fjordblick.com, 20. October 2019, accessed on May 22, 2022 .
- ↑ Andrea Siger: Norwegian-Russian border grown by two kilometers. polarkreisportal.de, 29. November 2018, accessed on May 22, 2022 .
- ↑ Russia-Finland-Norway. Diewelt Bummler.de, January 29, 2013, accessed on May 22, 2022 .
- ↑ Hiker collects fine after crossing Norway’s border with Russia. Nordic.info, July 21, 2021, accessed on May 22, 2022 .
- ↑ n-tv.de: Norway exacerbates controls on the border with Russia , 30. September 2022
- ↑ The other was the border between the Soviet Union and Turkey.
- ↑ Interview (FAZ.NET November 27, 2022) with Bjørn Arild Gram, Defense Minister Norway (Støre government)
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