2-pentano – Wikipedia

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Structural formula
Struktur von 2-Pentanon
General
Name 2-Pentanon
other names
  • Pentan-2-on
  • Methylpropylketon
Mash formula C 5 H ten O
Brief description

Fleeting, light -inflammatory, colorless liquid with acetone -like smell [2]

External identifiers/databases
Characteristics
Molar masses 86,13 g · mol −1
Aggregate state
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fluid

density

0,81 g·cm −3 [2]

Melting point

−78 °C [2]

boiling point

102 °C [2]

Steam pressure
solubility

moderately in water (43 g · l −1 at 20 ° C) [2]

Refractive index

1,389–1,391 [3]

safety instructions
MRS

Switzerland: 200 ml · M −3 or 700 mg · M −3 [4]

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Toxicological data

3730 mg·kg −1 (LD 50 , Gears, everywhere) [5]

As far as possible and common, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data provided applies to standard conditions. Refraction index: NA-D line, 20 ° C

2-Pentanon is a chemical connection from the group of ketones. It is available in the form of a colorless liquid with acetone-like smell and is isomer to 3-pentanone and methylisopropylketone. 2-Pentanon is u. A natural component in bananas and strawberries. [6] [7]

2-pentanon can e.g. B. can be obtained from acetic nests. [8] It also arises from oxidation of 2-pentanol.

2-pentanon is a colorless liquid with acetone-like smell. [2] The boiling point at normal pressure is 102 ° C. [9] The vapor pressure function results according to Antoine accordingly ten (P) = A – (B/(T+C)) (P in bar, t in ° C) with A = 4.14243, B = 1311.145 and C = −58.457 in the temperature range between 329.8 and 384 , 8 K. [9] The mixture with water is limited. With increasing temperature, the solubility of 2-pentanone drops into water or increases the solubility of water in 2-pentanon. [ten]

Misibility between 2-pentanone and water [ten]
Temperature °C 0 9.7 19.7 31.0 39.6 49.8 60.1 70.2 80.0 90.5
2-pentanon in water in in-% 8.7 6.9 5.9 5.0 4.6 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.4
Water in 2-pentanon in in-% 2.57 2.92 3.19 3.48 4.13 4.17 5.13 4.86 4.72 5.28

2-pentanone forms with air with air flammable steam-air mixtures. The connection has a flaming point below 7 ° C. [2] The explosion area is between 1.5 vol. 3 ) as a lower explosion limit (UEG) and 8.2 vol.% (300 g/m 3 ) as an upper explosion limit (OEG). [2] [11] In the correlation of the explosion limits with the steam pressure function, there is a lower explosion point of 4 ° C. [2] The border gap width was determined at 0.99 mm. [2] This results in an assignment to the explosion group IIA. [2] [11] The zündt temperature is 445 ° C. [2] [11] The fabric thus falls into temperature class T2.

2-pentanone is used as a solvent, for organic syntheses and as a odoral fabric with fruity banana-like smell. [5] Reductive aminiation with ammonia and hydrogen as a reducing agent in the presence of a nickel catalytic converter can be obtained. [twelfth]

  1. ↑ Entry to PENTANONE In the Cosing database of the EU Commission, accessed March 11, 2020.
  2. ↑ a b c d It is f g h i j k l m n O p Entry to 2-Pentanon In the Gestis fabric database of the IFA, accessed April 10, 2018. (JavaScript required)
  3. ↑ Entry to 2-Pentanone at ChemBlink , accessed on February 25, 2011.
  4. ↑ Swiss accident insurance institution (SUVA): Limit values- current MAK and BAT values (Search for 107-87-9 or. 2-Pentanon ), accessed November 2, 2015.
  5. ↑ a b Entry to 2-pentanone at The Good Scents Company , accessed on June 18, 2017.
  6. ↑ Roland Tressl, Friedrich Drawert: About the biogenesis of aroma substances in plants and fruits XIII. Mitt.: Installation of 8- 14 C-Caprylic acid in banana and strawberry aroma. In: Journal of Natural Research B. 26, 1971, S. 774–779 ( PDF , Free full text).
  7. ↑ R. Tressl, F. Dramwert, W. Heimann, R. Emberger: Notes: Gasholomatographic inventory of banana aroma substances. In: Journal of Natural Research B. 24, 1969, S. 781–783 ( online ).
  8. ↑ OC seminar pages from PEET, University of Düsseldorf: 8. Exercise list: Carbonyl compounds II ( Memento from March 5, 2000 in Internet Archive ).
  9. ↑ a b Collerson, R.R.; Counsell, J.F.; Handley, R.; Martin, J.F.; Sprake, C.H.S.: Thermodynamic Properties of Organic Oxygen Compounds. Part XV. Purification and Vapour Pressures of Some Ketones and Ethers in J. Chem. Soc. 1965, 3697–3700, doi: 10.1039/jr9650003697 .
  10. ↑ a b R. M. Stephenson: Mutual Solubilities: Water-Ketones, Water-Ethers, and Water-Gasoline-Alcohols in J. Chem. Eng. Data 37 (1992) 80–95, Two: 10.1021/Je00005a024 .
  11. ↑ a b c Sorbe – Safety -related characteristics of chemical substances, 131. Supplementary delivery 8/2009, Ecomed -Verlag.
  12. ↑ Joseph A. Alvarez, Pauline Beard, R. Chasnov, A. P. Davis, L. A. Giesmann, G. F. Greif, T. M. Hagle, M. Hankins, Thomas C. Kennedy, James S. Malek, M. R. Murnik, J. C. Norman, J. G. Robison, G. W. Sheldon, W. L. Stone, B. Swyhart, G. D. Thomas, W. C. Uhland, W. F. Wachol: Mcat, The Best Test Preparation For The Medical College Admission Test . Research & Education Assoc., 2004, ISBN 0-7386-0034-2, S. 145 ( limited preview in the Google book search).

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