[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/gentoo-linux-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/gentoo-linux-wikipedia\/","headline":"Gentoo Linux \u2013 Wikipedia","name":"Gentoo Linux \u2013 Wikipedia","description":"Gentoo Linux Gentoo Linux Livesystem developer Gentoo Foundation, Inc. License (s) GNU GPL and others Akt.\u00a0Version Constant rolling releases, installation","datePublished":"2020-04-28","dateModified":"2020-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/48\/Gentoo_Linux_logo_matte.svg\/80px-Gentoo_Linux_logo_matte.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/48\/Gentoo_Linux_logo_matte.svg\/80px-Gentoo_Linux_logo_matte.svg.png","height":"84","width":"80"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/gentoo-linux-wikipedia\/","wordCount":4086,"articleBody":"Gentoo Linux  Gentoo Linux Livesystem developer  Gentoo Foundation, Inc. License (s)  GNU GPL and others Akt.\u00a0Version  Constant rolling releases, installation media weekly ancestry  Linux \u21b3 Gentoo Linux Architecture (s)  Alpha, Arm, Hppa, IA-32, IA-64, PPC, S \/ 390, Sh, SPARC www.gentoo.org  Gentoo Linux (English pronunciation [ d\u0292entu\u02d0 ‘l\u026an\u028aks ]) is a spring-based Linux distribution for advanced Linux users who want to set up their system individually. The prerequisite for this is the willingness to deal with the processes of a Linux system and the detailed documentation. Gentoo Is a trademark of the Gentoo Foundation, Inc. , a non-profit organization. At the beginning of December 2010 the Gentoo Foundation, Inc. the Open Invention Network, which is committed to the free availability of software patents. The German is in Europe F\u00f6rderverein Gentoo e. V. the owner of trademark rights. The name “Gentoo” was after a particularly fast penguinart, the donkey spenguin (English gentoo penguin ), chosen, whereby the name refers to the official mascot of the free operating system core Linux, which represents a penguin. General [ Edit | Edit the source text ] The founder and long-time head of the geneticoo project was the American programmer Daniel Robbins. In 1999 he began to develop his own Linux distribution, which he initially Enoch called. The change of name took place on October 4, 1999 with the registration of the domain Gentoo.org instead of. This date is officially understood as a “birthday” Gentoos today. [first] Robbins left the project in 2004. [2] Since his departure, Gentoo has been from the board of trustees ( Board of Trustees ) led to the Gentoo Foundation. A seven -member makes decisions about technical aspects and guidelines Council . Trustees and Council are elected by the members of the “Foundation” or the active developers. Differences to other distributions [ Edit | Edit the source text ] Gentoo differs significantly from many other Linux distributions in several points. Gentoo is a source -based distribution, in which all packages are usually translated before installation. The necessary time and arithmetic effort, but also the possible deep intervention in configuration and optimization options is not given for binary packages based. [3] Nevertheless, as with the latter, pre -compiled programs can also be used.Likewise, there are little automated processes, which enables a high control of the system, which also requires appropriate knowledge. The fact that the work of the Gentoo project is not version-oriented leads to a continuous update of the system, in contrast to a gradual update, as is the case with most classic distributions. In this way, migration problems arise only for individual program packages, but not for an entire distribution version. The user can also decide on any version of a program used. In addition, comparatively simple means, your own distributions on the basis of Gentoo can be created and distributed, for example to meet special applications such as clusters or computer pools. Gentoo can be used as a distribution kit. For example, Google Chrome OS is based on Gentoo. Gentoo was used to port Macintosh computers with an Intel CPU to Macintosh computer. [4] Version Datum 1.0 March 31, 2002 [5] 1.1a 4.\u00a0April 2002 1.2 5. June 2002 1.4 5.\u00a0August 2003 2004.0 March 31, 2004 2004.1 28.\u00a0April 2004 2004.2 July 26, 2004 2004.3 15.\u00a0November 2004 2005.0 March 28, 2005 2005.1 8.\u00a0August 2005 2005.1-R1 21.\u00a0November 2005 2006.0 February 27, 2006 2006.1 30.\u00a0August 2006 2007.0 7. May 2007 2008.0 Beta 2 29.\u00a0April 2008 2008.0 July 6, 2008 10.0 4. October 2009 11.0 March 8, 2011 12.0 January 2, 2012 12.1 1.\u00a0April 2012 13.0 [6] February 10, 2013 17.0 17.1 [7] 30.\u00a0November 2017 December 18, 2017 17.1 [8] 5. June 2019 weekly Since December 20, 2008 [9] The version [ Edit | Edit the source text ] At Gentoo Linux there are no versions in the actual sense, but publications ( engl.  Release ) of a level of development ( engl.  Snapshot ), so -called rolling releases, on the basis of which the stage -Archives and live systems are created. In the case of an installed gene system, the individual versions merged with regular updating the portage step without major changes. The version of the basic system ( engl.  base system ) corresponds to that of the package sys-apps\/baselayout and can also the file \/etc\/gentoo-release be removed. It is the basis of the operating system and to be regarded as the actual version of a gentoo installation. However, the basic system is subject to different release cycles than the overall distribution and its publication as stages or as a live system. Portage [ Edit | Edit the source text ]  Portage compares the local data Portage is Gentoo Linux package management and enables the automatic construction of the individual packages from your source texts. It is based on the so -called Portage tree , a directory tree that normally under \/VAR\/DB\/Repos\/Gentoo\/ is located and information about each individual package in the form of so -called ebuild -scripts. These scripts control the entire process: downloading the source texts, verification of the genuine of the files using test sums, use of distribution -specific patches and the consideration of the so -called USE-Flags , [ten] To ultimately compile the package in a sandbox and then install it. Any dependencies on other packages are observed and, if necessary, they are also updated or reinstalled. The portage tree is brought up to the current state of distribution with the help of RSYNC.  Portage shows the packages to be updated including use flags Portage selects the current stable or, depending on the configuration, the current unstable version for the respective processor architecture. Depending on the package, there are other masked versions, but the installation of which should be targeted except for development and test purposes. This includes z. B. the so -called Live Versions of packages that directly refer to the current level of development from the version management system of the respective software. Configuration files make it possible to mask individual packages or individual versions of packages in order to ban the installation of a package or a version or to demask it in order to install a more current version than intended. The use flags form an abstraction layer for configuring the functionality of the individual packages for options that can only be activated during the compiling process. For example, the use flag determines bluetooth the installation of the Bluetooth support in the event that the respective package has this support. Functionality can also be switched off using the use flag, in the example -bluetooth . The advantage of such an option is that the compiled programs are adapted to the needs of the user, which requires these less memory and requires the installation of only really necessary libraries. The implementation of switching on and switching off functions can be individually implemented by the “eBuild” script. As a rule, this happens with the help of configuration options or patches. With the help of configuration files, the use flags can be configured centrally for the entire system and especially for individual packages. If you want to install packages that are not in the official portage trree, there is the possibility of so-called so-called Overlays to use. Gentoo does not officially support these, but often offer a larger selection of software or more current versions. Many of the overlays include packages that are tested there by the developer before they are included in the official tree. Installation [ Edit | Edit the source text ] In contrast to other Linux distributions, Gentoo does not have its own installer. Instead, the user carries out the installation himself with a series of Shell commands from another ongoing system. For this purpose, the Gentoo project offers special live images, but in principle any Linux systems can be used for it, regardless of whether it is firmly installed or booted by live media. For installation, a so-called Stage3 -Tarball unpacked to the destination. This contains a basic system, including the tools required for the further installation process, such as: B. a toolchain. The further installation work takes place using Chroot within this directory tree. There are installation manuals on the Gentoo website that provide information about the necessary installation steps. According to the project philosophy, all freedom is left to the user; For example, he can decide for himself which syslog and cron implementation and which mail transfer agent he wants to use. In the past stood next to the Stage3 -Arar too stage1 – and Stage2 -Arar archives available for installation. These are intermediate products with the Stage3 s are created. Their application was created in creating particularly strongly optimized systems. Since now no official stage1 – and Stage2 -Archives are more offered to download, you can now also use the Stage3 -Archive. [11] Gentoo can be run under various architectures. In the past, Alpha, Arm, ITanium, M68K, MIPS, PA-Risc, PowerPC, S\/390, SH, Sparc and X86 (both IA-32 and X64). [twelfth] Gentoo is also running on the Xbox, the Wii and on the PlayStation 3. There are also projects in which the Linux kernel and some GNU libraries\/programs were replaced by Freibsd (Gentoo\/FreeBSD), NetBSD or OpenBSD kernel and their basic libraries\/programs. You can also install Gentoo into a subdirectory under various Unix-like operating systems. This installation variant is called Gentoo Prefix. Among other things, Mac OS X\/OS X\/MacOS, Solaris and Windows are supported with the help of Microsoft Windows Services for Unix. [14] \u2191  Gentoo Celebrates 10 Years: 2009\/10\/04 In: Gentoo News , on lwn.net (English)  \u2191  The founder of the Linux project Gentoo changes to Microsoft. Retrieved on March 17, 2011 .   \u2191  Kay K\u00f6nigsmann: Translate geneticoo software optimized. In: Linux-Magazin 06\/2011. Accessed on December 20, 2022 (German).   \u2191  Gentoo Linux. In: Slashdot.org. Retrieved on July 28, 2011 (English).   \u2191  Gentoo: Linux distribution to build yourself. In: Golem.de. Accessed on February 16, 2017 .   \u2191  Andreas K. H\u00fcttel: New 13.0 profiles and deprecation of 10.0 profiles. February 10, 2013, Retrieved on May 29, 2020 (English).   \u2191  Micha\u0142 G\u00f3rny: [gentoo-dev] [RFC] First (experimental) 17.1 profiles news item for review. In: Gentoo Archives. December 18, 2017, Retrieved on May 29, 2020 (English).   \u2191  Micha\u0142 G\u00f3rny: amd64 17.1 profiles are now stable. 5. June 2019, Retrieved on May 29, 2020 (English).   \u2191  First sets of weekly stage3 tarballs and minimal CDs released. ( Memento from August 20, 2014 in Internet Archive ) In: Gentoo News. (English)  \u2191  What are USE flags. Gentoo wiki, accessed on May 30, 2016 .   \u2191  Gentoo Linux Dokumentation \u2013 FAQ ( Memento from July 29, 2016 in Internet Archive )  \u2191  List of Gentoo supported architectures  \u2191  https:\/\/packages.gentoo.org\/arches  \u2191  Gentoo Prefix \u2013 Website des Gentoo Prefix-Projekts  \u2191  Funtoo Linux \u2013 Welcome to the Funtoo Wiki! ( Memento of the Originals from January 26, 2012 in Internet Archive )  Info: The archive link has been used automatically and not yet checked. Please check original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. @first @2 Template: Webachiv\/Iabot\/www.funtoo.org  \u2191  Kaspersky Rescue Disk 18. Retrieved on March 26, 2020 .   \u2191  About Pentoo , accessed on August 25, 2015  "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/gentoo-linux-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Gentoo Linux \u2013 Wikipedia"}}]}]