[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/nora-paylie-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/nora-paylie-wikipedia\/","headline":"Nora Paylie – Wikipedia","name":"Nora Paylie – Wikipedia","description":"Nora Payl born Eleonore Block , also Nora Block and Nora Platiel-Block, Pseudonym Nora Kolb (Born January 14, 1896 in","datePublished":"2021-02-28","dateModified":"2021-02-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/Grab_von_Nora_Platiel.jpg\/220px-Grab_von_Nora_Platiel.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/Grab_von_Nora_Platiel.jpg\/220px-Grab_von_Nora_Platiel.jpg","height":"293","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/nora-paylie-wikipedia\/","wordCount":3767,"articleBody":"Nora Payl born Eleonore Block , also Nora Block and Nora Platiel-Block, Pseudonym Nora Kolb (Born January 14, 1896 in Bochum, \u2020 September 6, 1979 in Kassel) was a lawyer, politician (SPD) and resistance fighter against National Socialism. She was the first woman in Hesse district court director and from 1967 to 1971 judge at the State Court of the State of Hesse in Wiesbaden. Youth in Bochum [ Edit | Edit the source text ] Eleonore Block was born the eighth of ten children from the Jewish couple Bendix and Therese Block (born Mayer). The parents were owners of a clothing store for men and boys in Bochum. Block initially attended a Jewish elementary school and from 1906 to 1912 a Protestant school for higher daughters. In 1911 the father gave up the clothing business and founded the first Bochum advertising agency to Reklame recycling Bendix Block GmbH. Nora was only 16 when her father died in 1912. After that, she had to interrupt her school training temporarily to help the mother in the company. Three of her brothers moved to the First World War as a volunteer in 1914. In 1917, parental operation had to close. Nora contacted the war aid service as a secretary and was used in Romania. Legal career in the Weimar Republic [ Edit | Edit the source text ] After the end of the First World War, Nora Block moved to Berlin and worked in 1919\/20 as a secretary for Helene St\u00f6cker, at the German Confederation for Maternity Protection and Sex Reform and in the pedagogical department of the German League for V\u00f6lkerbund. In 1920\/21, Block worked on the cataloging of an art collection in Denmark. Helene St\u00f6cker encouraged block to catch up with the Abitur. Block was able to prepare for this with the help of a scholarship and take off the Abitur in Berlin in 1922. In 1922, Nora Block joined the SPD and joined the Bochum Group (ISK) Group Bochum a few years later. In 1922 she wrote down for economics and social sciences in Frankfurt am Main, but moved to G\u00f6ttingen in 1924 to study law and legal philosophy. She successfully completed her studies in 1927. Then she completed her court trainee in Bochum and Kassel, including Erich Lewinski. Block was the first woman in Bochum in 1931 to be approved as a lawyer. She took over divorces, also represented opponents of the NSDAP and was active for red help. [first] [2] In G\u00f6ttingen, Nora Block met the philosopher Leonard Nelson, who shaped her with his positions. With his demands to live vegetarian, foregoing alcohol, withdrawing from the church and not binding, in order to be free for political engagement, Nelson influenced her way of life. [3] Refugee helper in exile [ Edit | Edit the source text ]  Tomb of Nora Platite in the main cemetery of Kassel After the NSDAP’s takeover in 1933, Block was deleted by the lawyer list for “racial and political reasons”, was acute at risk and fled to Paris, where she moved into an apartment with Eva and Heinz Lewinski in the workers’ suburb of Malakoff. Gerhard Kumleben was also included in the shared apartment; A relationship between him and Nora Block developed. In 1934 the son Roger was born, but she gave a home for emigrant children because of her political and financial situation. [4] Initially, Nora Block worked as a private secretary, from 1934 to 1939 she was a syndic and legal consultant at the company All metallurgique . In 1939 she became head of the “Social Enqu\u00eate” department, a Paris refugee committee. Block was also active in the ISK group and worked for the exile magazine the new day book. After the occupation of Paris in 1940, Block was interned in the Camp de Gurs in the Pyrenees, in which 20,000 Jews were temporarily cried together. However, she soon fled to Montauban, where she lived in illegality, was still involved in refugee aid and took over the management of a refugee committee. There she met Hermann Platiel. In 1942 the couple fled to Switzerland and married Noras 47th birthday in 1943. However, they were soon separated and interned. [3] Nora Platite was released due to incapacity to detain due to an vertebral violation. Hermann Platite was only released after the war. In October 1944 her brother Max Block was murdered in the Auschwitz concentration camp. In Switzerland, Nora Platene was initially volunteering in the following years and from 1946 full -time for the Swiss workers’ aid work in Zurich. In 1945 she took part in the refugee conference in Montreux. From 1946 to 1949, platism headed relief campaigns for children, mothers and young people and was a member of a committee to support children -impaired children. [first] [2] In 1946, Nora and Hermann Platene were able to bring the then twelve -year -old Roger to Switzerland, where he learned German and went to a boarding school in the Bernese Oberland. [5] Lawyer and politician in post -war Germany [ Edit | Edit the source text ] At the instigation and with the support of Erich Lewinski, the family settled in Kassel in 1949, where Nora Platene again joined the SPD and worked as a district court councilor and chairman of a compensation chamber. On January 1, 1952, she was the first woman in Hesse to be appointed district court director. [6] [7] Her son Roger Platiel completed his training in Kassel under the difficult post -war conditions, soon went to Paris and became an artist. [5] In the 1954 state election, the specialist for legal and cultural policy was elected for the first time in the Hessian state parliament, to which she belonged until 1966, from 1960 to 1966 as deputy chairman of the SPD parliamentary group. As a member of the state parliament, Platiel was also a member of the legal committee and the judge’s election committee. She actively addressed the disadvantage of women in family and labor law and the insufficient denazification of German judiciary and politics. [8] In the nomination of the SPD parliamentary group for the Office of President of the Landtag, in 1962 she lost to her group colleague Franz Fuchs. [2] From 1950 to 1954 she was a deputy non -judicial member and from 1967 to 1971 constant non -judicial member of the Hessian State Court. [9] [ten] Volunteering [ Edit | Edit the source text ] In addition to the SPD membership, Platene was an active member of the public service union, transport and transport (\u00d6TV). From 1961 to 1969 she headed the Kassel Kunstverein. She promoted the Kassel State Theater and was committed to the federal board of the Friends of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. [2] Tod [ Edit | Edit the source text ] Nora Platite died on September 6, 1979 in Kassel aged 83. Holger B\u00f6rner, then Prime Minister in Hesse, described her in his obituary as one of the most important women in the history of Hessian social democracy. In the press, her political and cultural -political engagement in post -war Germany is recognized. [3] Platite was the bearer of the great Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. In 1969 she was awarded the Wilhelm Leuschner medal, the highest award in the State of Hesse. For her 70th birthday, in 1966 she received the Goethe badge of the State of Hesse because of her commitment. [11] A street is named after her on the site of the University of Kassel. [2] Since 2007 there has also been a street named after it in the municipality of Lohfelden near Kassel. In 2017, her grave was recognized as an honorary grave at the Kassel cemetery. [twelfth] The University of Kassel has been awarding the Nora Platate Prize For outstanding master’s theses in the fields of social law and social policy. [8] [13] Jochen Lengemann: The Hessen Parliament 1946-1986 . Biographical manual of the advisory state committee, the constitutional state meeting and the Hessian state parliament (1st – 11th parliamentary term). Ed.: President of the Hessian state parliament. Insel-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1986, ISBN 3-458-14330-0, S.  350\u2013351 ( hessen.de [PDF; 12.4  MB ]).  Helga Haas-Rietschel, Sabine Hering: Nora Platite. Socialist – emigrant – politician. A biography. BUND-Verlag, Cologne 1989, ISBN 3-7663-2127-7. Jochen Lengemann: MdL Hessen. 1808-1996. Biographical index (= Political and parliamentary history of the state of Hesse. Band 14 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse. BAND 48, 7). Else, Marburg 1996, ISBN 3-7708-1071-6-6- 294. Sabine Hering:\u00a0 Platite, Nora, born block. In: New German biography (Ndb). Volume 20, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-428-00201-6, p. 512 f. ( Digitized ). Wolfgang Matth\u00e4us, Mareike G\u00f6tz (ed.): Paths of women. Kassel street names, history and history policy . Kassel 2006.  Nora Paylie (1896\u20131979) . In: Gisela Notz (ed.): Pailors. Famous, well -known and wrongly forgotten women from history . 1st edition. Working group of social policy working groups, Neu-Ulm 2018, ISBN 978-3-945959-27-5, S.  264  f .  \u2191 a b  Susanne Schmidt: Portrait of Nora Platite (born block). City of Bochum, accessed on August 28, 2021 .   \u2191 a b c d It is  Karl-Heinz Nickel, Harald Schmidt, Florian Tennstedt, Heide Wunder: Brief biographies . In: Georg Wannagat (ed.): Kassel as the city of lawyers (lawyers) and the courts in their thousand years . Carl Heymanns, Cologne 1990, ISBN 3-452-21555-5, S.  483\u2013484 .   \u2191 a b c  Nora Payl. Kassel-West e.\u00a0V., accessed on January 21, 2022 .   \u2191  Helga Haas-Rietschel, Sabine Hering: Nora Platite. Socialist – emigrant – politician. A biography . Cologne 1989, ISBN 3-7663-2127-7.   \u2191 a b  Nora Paylie: Roger’s path of life. (PDF; 376\u00a0kB) In: Platiel201399.de. Ralf Schaper, May 11, 2019, accessed on January 21, 2021 (Copy of the machine script by Ralf Schaper from the Minna Specht 1\/MSAE000074 estate in the archive of social democracy, Bonn; the original is signed by hand with “Nora and Roger”).   \u2191  German judge (ed.): Handbook of Justice 1953 . S.  84 .   \u2191  Georg Wannagat: The role and importance of the work of the lawyers for the state and society in the 1000-year history of the North Hessian region . In: Kassel as the city of lawyers (lawyers) and the courts in their thousand years . Heymanns, Cologne\/Berlin\/Bonn\/Munich 1990, ISBN 3-452-21555-5, S.  359 .   \u2191 a b  Nora Platical Prize. University of Kassel, accessed on January 20, 2022 .   \u2191  Plenar protocol 2\/6. (PDF; 5.2 MB) Hessian state parliament, March 21, 1951, S. 138, 162 , accessed on August 28, 2021 .   \u2191  Plenar protocol 6\/7. (PDF; 6.4 MB) Hessian state parliament, March 15, 1967, accessed on August 28, 2021 .   \u2191  Highest award. Goethe badge. Hessian Ministry of Science and Art, accessed on January 21, 2022 .   \u2191  Thomas Siemon: B\u00f6rner and panel. City recognizes Kassel politicians, persecuted and poets with honor graves. In: CHORES. March 27, 2017, accessed March 27, 2017.  \u2191  Nora Platical Prize awarded for the first time. University of Kassel, September 23, 2021, accessed on January 20, 2022 .   "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/nora-paylie-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Nora Paylie – Wikipedia"}}]}]