Sarisama – SpeedyLook encyclopedia

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He Sarisariñama (Sarisariñama-Jidi in Maquiritare) is a TEPUY of the Jaua-Sarisariñama National Park at the southeast of the Bolívar state in Venezuela, near the border with Brazil.

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This plateau is one of the most isolated in the country, being hundreds of kilometers from the nearest road. At present, access is restricted to scientific researchers exclusively.

The most distinctive and peculiar characteristic of this TEPUY of 2300 meters high is the presence on its top of practically circular cavities (simas) that are still a mystery to geology. These deep depressions have a diameter in the mouth of 350 meters, and a vertical depth of 350 meters equally. The walls of these wells, completely vertical and therefore unsurpassed for the creatures that inhabit the bottom of the precipice, have allowed to isolate a unique ecosystem, having species of plants and animals that are not found anywhere else on the planet (endemic). These simas were documented and explored for the first time in 1974. [ first ] ​ [ 2 ] ​ [ 3 ] ​

History and exploration [ To edit ]

The Tepuy Sarisariñama is located several hundred kilometers from the closest road. For this reason there was a long time without knowing details of this one. The first outstanding exploration was carried out in November 1964, with an air crossing by the pilot Harry Gibson who observed the immense sinks. [ 4 ] The first successful landing at Sarisariñama is performed by ornithologist William H. Phelps Jr. in March 1967. [ 5 ] In February 1974, an expedition led by Charles Brewer-Carías explores the Tepuy and the Simas or Sumideros, accompanied by several scientific researchers such as the botanist Julian Steyermark, [ 6 ] William H. Phelps Jr., Orchideologists Stalky Dunsterville and his wife Nora. [ first ] Their results showed that both sinks represent a unique ecosystem with many animals and plant species. [ 7 ] ​

Biogeography [ To edit ]

Sarisariñama is similar to other tepuyes, it is composed of the quartzite of the Roraima Formation, belonging to the Paleoproterozoic, [ 8 ] The Tepuy Sarisariñama Summit area has 546.88 km² and the slope has 482 km² of area.
In contrast to many of the Tepuyes in Guyana, Venezuela and Brazil, most of the Sarisariñama surface is very wooded, it has a wide variety of 15-25 meters high forest species that cover the upper part of it. This isolated ecosystem is especially rich in numerous endemic species of plants and animals. [ 9 ] ​

Data of interest [ To edit ]

The most distinctive characteristics of this TEPUI are its simas. There are four well -known wells. Two of them, the Sima Humboldt cave and the Sima Martel in tribute to the naturalists Alejandro de Humboldt and Édouard Alfred Martel respectively, [ twelfth ] ​ [ 13 ] They are visually unusual, huge, and well known, with the isolated forest ecosystems at the bottom of them. The largest, Sima Humboldt reaches 352 meters wide and 314 meters deep. [ 14 ] Another Sarisariñama sink of 1.35 km in length is the chasm of the rain, which has been very important for the exploration of erosion processes in Tepuyes.

See also [ To edit ]

References [ To edit ]

  1. ↑ a b c Brewer Carias, Charles. 1976. Sarisariñama’s simas. Bulletin of the Venezuelan Society of Natural Sciences. XXII (132/133): 549-624.
  2. ↑ Brewer Carias, Charles. and Julian A. Steyermark. 1976. Simas de Sarisariñama and its vegetation. Bulletin of the Venezuelan Society of Natural Sciences. XXII (132/133): 179-405.
  3. ↑ Lindsay Elms. “Mount Roraima: An Island Forgotten by Time”. http://members.shaw.ca/beyondnootka/articles/roraima.html .
  4. ↑ Otto Huber and John J. Wurdack. 1984. History of Botanical Exploration in Territorio Federal Amazonas, Venezuela. Smithsonian Institution Press, City of Washington, www.sil.si.edu/smithsoniancontributions/botany/pdf_hi/sctb-0056.pdf
  5. ↑ Stefania riae. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, abgerufen am 7. Januar 2010.
  6. ↑ Brewer Carias, Charles. and Julian A. Steyermark. 1976. Simas de Sarisariñama and its vegetation. Bulletin of the Venezuelan Society of Natural Sciences. XXII (132/133): 179-405
  7. ↑ David Nott: Into The Lost World. Prentice-Hall, 1975, ISBN 0-13477-190-7.
  8. ↑ Schubert, Carlos. and Huber, Otto. 1989. The Great Sabana. Panoramic of a region. Notebooks Lagoven Lagoven, S.A. Caracas. 107p. ISBN 980-259-238-2
  9. ↑ Roy W. McDiarmid and Maureen A. Donnelly. 2005. The Herpetofauna of the Guayana Highlands: Amphibians and Reptiles of the Lost World. University of Chicago Press, http://si-pddr.si.edu/dspace/bitstream/10088/2793/1/chapter_18_new.pdf
  10. ↑ Pérez-Hernández, R., P. J. Soriano & Lew D. 1994. Marsupials of Venezuela. Lagoven Notebooks, Lagoven, S. A. Caracas – Venezuela. 76p. ISBN 980-259-612-4
  11. ↑ Stefania riae International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, abgerufen am 7. Januar 2010. http://www.iugnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/56032/0
  12. ↑ Wondermondo.com Enigma of the mountain of Evil Spirit http://www.wondermondo.com/countries/sa/ven/bolivar/simahumboldt.htm
  13. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-hhxoz0esp0
  14. ↑ Miguel Lentino, Diana Sclasans: Important areas for bird conservation in Venezuela in: Birdlife International and Conservation International. Important areas for bird conservation in the tropical Andes: priority sites for biodiversity conservation., Quito, Ecuador: BirdLife International (Birdlife conservation series No. 14), S. 621-730, 2005.

external links [ To edit ]

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