Ranzenbach (municipality of Klausen-Leopoldsdorf)-Wikipedia
Ranzenbach is a district of the municipality of Klausen-Leopoldsdorf in the Biosphere Park Wienerwald in Lower Austria. Starting from a farm, the majority of the place was built in the late 1920s. Eight of the 13 houses today are listed (list entries).
Ranzenbach is very secluded about 5 km north of the main town of Klausen-Leopoldsdorf at a height of 480 m ü. A. . The place is not far from the A 21. [first]
Geologically, the area belongs to the Flysch or Sandstein-Wienerwald. The dense clay floor does not let precipiture seep through. There are cool summer and rainy winter. [first]
The syllable ram from the verb rama mean as much as “rooms” or “blinds”. In old land books of the Purkersdorfer Waldamts If cleared areas are referred to as “Rämbwiesen”. [2]
Older location components [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
The oldest findable indications of the use of the area around Ranzenbach are files from the Waldamt from 1563, which were written by 100 days of meadows there. [2] The forest was a cameral estate, so that it was a sovereign possession that belonged to the emperor.
The Hakenhof, built from stone, has existed with 2.5 ha of real estate since the 18th century. Its owner lived by in 1951 to bring firewood to Vienna with wagons. [3] In 2008 the owners lived in a new building while the old house fell into disrepair and the former farm buildings were used as a storage area. [4]
In another farmhouse built in 1852, a family lived that led her farm until 1986 in the main acquisition and then until 1992. In addition, wood was used there with an ox walkway. Today the one is there Gut Ranzenbach , A stud farm with riding school. [3] The company operates organically, breeds Trakehner, offers boxes for pension horse keeping and employs several workers. [5]
To the west of the stud is the “Klausenhäusl” [5] , which was already mentioned in 1788. There was a so -called Duckhütte owned by the forest office, the residents of which were forest workers. The Klause was still in operation until the 1930s. [3] After it was empty for a long time and the associated areas spent the building with the associated area leased by the stud in the first decade of the 21st century and has been used again since then. [5]
Plans [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
Theoretical background [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
As a counter -pole to the rural exodus and the inner -city impoverishment as a result of the de -industrialization after the collapse of the Habsburg monarchy, attempts were made to build new agricultural settlements in the 1920s. Model settlement was the planned in the Vienna surrounding area on the drawing board Ranzendorf . Soil reformal thoughts also served as the impetus that were written down in the resettlement law and similar laws. At that time, the agricultural economist Anton Pantz criticized that the natural conditions for a permanent settlement of people were not sufficiently checked. Not every climate and every soil would allow agriculture, and accessibility also plays an important role. [6] Instead, even the hope of wealth formation would be awakened in urban emigrants.
Construction and further development [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
The first of these projects was the publicly controversial Ranzenbach. For this purpose, ten unemployed industrial workers and their families were selected. They were originally supposed to come from the rural milieu and build up the settlement together, [7] To pull vegetables and other crops there and to keep cattle, pigs and chickens.
The Ministry of Agriculture made 60 hectares of Weideland available in 1926 and machines were provided for clearing and to be resolved. The settlers lived with their families in tents and built a sawmill in the winter of 1927/28 from the felled trees. After that, a residential building, a stable and a double barn were built for each family for two plots side by side. The common stable building with wooden scales stood behind the houses built close to the access road and an orchard was closed on the 3000 to 5000 square meters of land. For each settler property, five hectares of agricultural areas plus common pastures belonged. The houses were partially lower cellar and had a base area of 60 square meters. [8]
In 1931 the settlement was fully built up as a community work, and the houses were ready for occupancy. At the request of the settlers, however, the common economy was abandoned. Over time, many settlers withdrew from the project because they did not feel grown to the task of managing the company independently. They were compensated for the construction work done with the relatively high amount of 500 schilling at the time. The plan to make industrial workers through state support as independent farmers had failed. Craftsmen from the vicinity moved to the now vacant houses, most of whom were employed as forest workers. Each settler received a cow as well as fruit trees and seeds from the Ministry of Agriculture. Two horses were procured for everyone. [9]
A house with laundry room, bathroom and storage space originally planned as a community building was leased to the Alpine Club in 1931, because the settlers wanted to do it for themselves, which ran a tourist home and at the same time a youth hostel. It was a popular destination for a long time. From the early 1950s it was used as an Protestant children’s home before Hungarian refugees were housed there from 1956. It was later rented out by the Austrian Federal Forest to various hunting tenants. [ten]
In 1960, Ranzenbach was connected to electricity supply. Only then received the individual houses in an extension bath and toilet. However, there was no connection to local public transport on the country road, two kilometers away. The children of the place had to go an hour to get to school. The path was often so difficult in winter that an adult went to “traces”. [3]
When the retirement age was reached, the first residents moved out from the mid -1960s, since they were not entitled to the official apartment as a forest worker. In the 1980s, the last of the original residents also left Ranzenbach. Eight of the ten houses were auctioned at private owners in the 1990s and only two that were rented are owned by the Federal Forest. [3] Four houses served as the main residence in 2008 and the remaining six as weekend houses. [11] From this year there was a mail delivery on site, and it was hit by the garbage disposal. There was no connection to public water disposal and waste water disposal. The next facilities for local supply and also stops of the public transport are 5.5 kilometers away. The access road is a private route, the maintenanceers of which have to take care of the residents and on which the community does not clear a snow. [twelfth]
- Josef Tanitzka: Ranzenbach, a newly standing town in the Wienerwalde. Out of: Our home town. Association for State Studies of Lower Austria, St. Pölten, 1930 (pp. 145ff)
- Elfriede Riedel-Hastik: Biosphere Park Wienerwald. (PDF; 15.5 MB) Change of meaning of a cultural landscape. Diploma thesis. 2008, Retrieved on November 13, 2011 .
- ↑ a b Elfriede Riedel-Hastik: Biosphere Park Wienerwald. (PDF; 15.5 MB) Change of meaning of a cultural landscape. Diploma thesis. 2008, Retrieved on November 13, 2011 . , S. 13/14
- ↑ a b Riedel-Hastik, S. 76
- ↑ a b c d It is Riedel-Hastik, S. 81
- ↑ Riedel-Hastek, S. 92
- ↑ a b c Riedel-Hastik, S. 93
- ↑ Anton Pantz: Irr ways of inner colonization. In: Wiener Agricultural newspaper. Illustrated magazine for the entire agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. General illustrated magazine for the entire agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. Illustrated newspaper for the entire agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. General illustrated magazine for all agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. Illustrated newspaper for all agriculture , March 5, 1927, p. 1, Middle column (online at Anno).
- ↑ Colonies at home. In: Wiener Agricultural newspaper. Illustrated magazine for the entire agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. General illustrated magazine for the entire agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. Illustrated newspaper for the entire agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. General illustrated magazine for all agriculture / Wiener Agricultural newspaper. Illustrated newspaper for all agriculture , August 20, 1927, p. 1, Linke column (online at Anno).
- ↑ Riedel-Hastek, S. 78/79
- ↑ Riedel-Hastek, S. 79
- ↑ Riedel-Hastek, S. 80
- ↑ Riedel-Hastek, S. 90
- ↑ Riedel-Hastek, pp. 93 and 95
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