[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/alexander-selkirk-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/alexander-selkirk-wikipedia\/","headline":"Alexander Selkirk \u2013 Wikipedia","name":"Alexander Selkirk \u2013 Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 Statue Alexander Selkirks in the birthplace Lower Largo Alexander Selkirk (actually Selcraig ) (* 1676 in Lower Largo, Fife,","datePublished":"2017-03-02","dateModified":"2017-03-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/42\/Alexander_Selkirk_Statue.jpg\/220px-Alexander_Selkirk_Statue.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/42\/Alexander_Selkirk_Statue.jpg\/220px-Alexander_Selkirk_Statue.jpg","height":"265","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki14\/alexander-selkirk-wikipedia\/","wordCount":2346,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4 Statue Alexander Selkirks in the birthplace Lower Largo Alexander Selkirk (actually Selcraig ) (* 1676 in Lower Largo, Fife, Scotland, \u2020 December 13, 1721 on board the ship Weymouth ) was a Scottish seafarer and adventurer. He is considered a model for Daniel Defoe’s figure Robinson Crusoe from the novel of the same name and for other Robinsonades.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Table of Contentsyouth [ Edit | Edit the source text ] sailor [ Edit | Edit the source text ] Robinsonade [ Edit | Edit the source text ] Rescue and later life [ Edit | Edit the source text ] youth [ Edit | Edit the source text ] Alexander Selkirk grew up as the sixth and youngest son of a Scottish shoemaker and tanneryer. Little is known about his childhood and youth. He is said to have been quarrelsome and disobedient. On April 11, 1696, he was invited to the church assembly in the church due to impossible behavior in the church.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4sailor [ Edit | Edit the source text ] From 1695 he drove to sea and had contacts with Bukanieriere early. Since he often came into conflict with the law because of the suffering and fights on land, he hired on the English caper ship in 1703 St. George under captain William Dampier as a sailing master to avoid British jurisdiction. The St. George Was by the smaller one Cinque ports Accompanied under captain Thomas Stradling. Equipped with a british crown caper letter, it should apply French and Spanish ships off the coast of South America.  Map of the Juan-Fern\u00e1ndez Islands When the rod remained unsuccessful, Selkirk got into a fight with a Dampier and switched to the Cinque ports . In October 1704, the ships reached today’s Juan-Fern\u00e1ndez archipelago west of the Chilean coast in the Pacific. They needed food and fresh water. Than one on the uninhabited Island landed, it turned out that the fuselage of the ship was damaged by drilling cups. Selkirk decided to stay on the island and tried to persuade more shipmal comrades to stay because he feared that the ship could sink. When he realized that he was alone with his opinion, he is said to have called for an anecdote: “I thought about it differently.” “But I didn’t,” the captain replied K\u00fchl and let himself be rounded back to the ship. As it turned out, Selkirk had made the right choice because the ship sank a little later and drowned almost the entire team.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Robinsonade [ Edit | Edit the source text ] Since the island proved enough drinking water, fruits, fish and seals and Selkirk in the use of these resources, he managed to survive on the island for four years and four months. Selkirk is said to have had the following equipment: a musket with shooting powder and balls, tobacco, flint, additional clothing, a hatchet, a knife, a kettle and a Bible. First, Selkirk stayed near the beach because he heard noises that he attributed dangerous animals. He lived in a small cave and diet of shellfish. Every day he searched the sea for ships and suffered from loneliness and depression. Pads paired pairs of sea lions may have the drive to go inside the island. His life got significantly better there. Juan-Fern\u00e1ndez-Zegen delivered meat and milk; Pastinaks, radish and pepper berries offered variety. Increased rats molested and bit him at night until he tamed overwritten cats. Selkirk made exceptionally good use of what he had taken away from the ship and what the island later delivered to him. He made two huts out of all -pime trees and used muskete and knives to hunt and grab the goats. When the shooting powder went out, he had to catch her by hand. He stumbled from a cliff and remained unconscious for a day, luckily he had fallen on his prey, which saved him even serious injuries. Selkirk often read in the Bible, which was advantageous for his state of mind and let him continue to use human language. When his clothes tapped, he made a robe made of goat leather, using a nail for sewing. When he could no longer use his shoes, his feet had become hardened and insensitive, so that he found new shoes unnecessary. He made a new knife made of iron barrel rings that had stayed on the beach. Rescue and later life [ Edit | Edit the source text ] In 1707 Selkirk saw a ship for the first time. It was Spaniards. They discovered Selkirk and followed him to the Insel-Urwald, where they lost his trail. As a Brit and caper driver, he saw her as an enemy. The British caper ship Duke Under Captain Woodes Rogers and with William Dampier as a navigator, on February 2, 1709, anchor was in front of the island. Selkirk’s rescue, in which he was almost accidentally shot, is in the logbook of the Duke The location of his warehouse survives in detail, as well as an hour from the coast. [first] Rogers picked up Selkirk and brought him back to civilization. He may have made him his assistant and gave him command about one of his forenses. In 1712 the book was Cruising Voyage published by Woodes Rogers, which contained a report on Selkir’s adventure. The journalist Richard Steele, who was very impressed by Selkirks, was very impressed by the magazine in 1713 for the magazine The Englishman : When I saw him for the first time, I thought: Even without knowing his nature or his story, I would have recognized his charisma and attitude that he had lived away from human society. A deep, but cheerful Ernst he radiated, and at the same time a certain indifference to the ordinary things around him …  (When I first saw hin, I thought, if I had not been let into his Character and Story, I could have discerned that he had been much seperated from Company, from his Aspect and Gesture; there was a strong but chearful Seriousness in his Look, and a certain Disregard to the ordinary things about him…) [2] Back at home, Selkirk soon continued his original lifestyle. In 1717 he had returned to his birthplace Lower Largo, but only stayed for a few months. He scored the 16-year-old milk girl Sophia Bruce at the age of 41 and released his lover to London. But within a year he was back at sea. During a visit to Plymouth, he married a widowed innkeeper. He was then accused of the marriage swindling and probably beyond a possible process by re -hiring. Selkirk died on December 13, 1721 as a lieutenant on board the British warship Weymouth , supposedly on yellow fever. He received a sailor grave in front of the African west coast. In 2005, archaeologist David Caldwell and the enthusiast Daisuke Takahashi found a joint excavation expedition Selkirk’s camps at a height of 300 meters on the mountain slope. One of her finds was part of a stinging circle that Selkirk assigned to Selkirk. [3] In contrast, the Kiel geoarch\u00e4ologists Andreas Mieth and Hans-Rudolf Bork assume that the Selkirk dweller is the remnant of a Spanish base. Her research in 2011 also suggest that a beach cave in which Selkirk is said to have been, most likely be blasted in the rock by English seafarers. [4]  Memory plaque for Alexander Selkirk at Selkirk’s viewpoint on the Robinson-Crusoe Island In 1966 the island on which Selkirk had lived in Robinson Crusoe renamed. A memorial stone is reminiscent of his fate there today. The uninhabited Most outside island , the westernmost of the Juan-Fern\u00e1ndez Islands, is now in honor of the Scottish seafarer in Alejandro Selkirk renamed. Also the plant genre Selkirkia  Hemsl. From the Raublatt family family (Boraginaceae) has been named after him. [5] From 2014 to 2019, the Ensemble Freynde + Gaesdte showed Zeha Schr\u00f6der’s play as a summer theater. The true Robinson , which is based on the authentic historical sources (especially the descriptions of Rogers and Steele). The venue was a floating stage on the Aasee in M\u00fcnster, where the spectators put on in pedal boats. Helge Salnikau played the Selkirk. [6] William Funnell: A Voyage Round the World . W. Botham for J. Knapton, London 1707. Edward Cooke: A Voyage to the South Sea, and Round the World . B. Lintot and R. Gosling, London 1712. Woodes Rogers: Cruising Voyage round the World: First to the South Seas, thence to the East-Indies, and homewards by the Cape of Good Hope . Andrew Bell, London 1718. Richard Steele: The Englishman , Issue 26, London 1713 (this edition of the magazine contains Steeles article about Selkirk, who may have given Defoe the main prison). Nikolaus Stingl (ed.): The true Robinson or the acting of providence. Life and adventure of Alexander Selkirk compiled and published by Nikolaus Stingl. Robinson, Frankfurt\/Main 1980. (= Adventure library. ) ISBN 3-88592-002-6. History of fractures or news from the strangest fates and events of the most famous seafarers on their travels to different world areas. Second volume. Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1791. In it: X. Events Alexander Selkirks, a Scottish sailor, which was left on the island of Juan Fernandez in 1704: in addition to the history of an Indian Mosquito, which remained on the same island in 1681 (pp. 163\u2013178) . Fiction  \u2191  Lambert, Andrew: In: Documentation: Terra X – The Treasure Island of Robinson Crusoe  \u2191  Charles Knight: Half-hours with the Best Authors: Selected and Arranged, with Short Biographical and Critical Notices . John Wiley, 1848 ( Google.com [accessed on January 23, 2023]).   \u2191  Stranded in paradise in: Der Spiegel  \u2191  S\u00fcddeutsche.de of August 13, 2011: Science in paradise: Robinson-Crusoe Island, Pacific , queried on August 14, 2011  \u2191  Lotte Burkhardt: List of eponymic plant names – extended edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University of Berlin, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 Two: 10.3372\/Epolist2018 .  \u2191  Freinde + Gaesdte> The True Robinson. Accessed on January 23, 2023 .        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