Anabolism – Wikipedia

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With Anabolism or Building metabolism (from ancient Greek anabolism Anabolismós , German ‘Walking’ ) The structure of the body’s own fabrics is referred to in living things. The contrast to anabolism is catabolism, the dismantling of fabrics. Catabolism and anabolism are parts of metabolism.

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The more precise definitions contained in the literature are similar, but are different.

The definition is widespread Entirety of the build -up metabolic reactions . [first] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] According to this, some Exergone fabric implementations are also included for the purpose of energy generation, provided that they arise from simpler fabrics more complicated, such as the reduction of carbon dioxide CO 2 With hydrogen h 2 To acetic acid ch 3 Cooh (a form of homoacet fermentation) and the oxidation of hydrogen H 2 With oxygen o 2 To water H 2 O (bright gas reaction) for some bacteria. In general, however, such substances that serve energy generation are not referred to as anabolism.

In part, this definition is restricted to the Building the body’s own fabrics , by which all fabric implementations in which the products are eliminated are excluded, such as the formation of antibiotics and the aforementioned bright gas reaction. [8] In a further variation, only the “linking of simple molecules to more complex molecules” is referred to as anabolism and thus excluded the participation of atoms and one -anthomized ions. [9] [ten] Since atoms and one breathy ions cannot be products of an structure and atoms are not known as the starting materials of open -up actions, this definition only excludes one -breathed ions as the output fabrics, but this exclusion is not justified.

Further definitions refer to the Entirety of the end green (energy -consuming) material implementations as an anabolism. [11] [twelfth] This also includes the formation of fabrics that are excreted. Variations of this definition are limited to the Endergons structure of fabrics [13] or on the Endergons structure of molecules . [twelfth] It can be assumed that endgone converters that are only partial reaction of a reaction sequence, which is in the total and the energy generation serves (catabolism), are to be excluded, for example the formation of sugar phosphoric acid esters to initiate glycolysis.

Energy is usually required to build up fabrics. In the case of chemotrophic organisms, it is obtained from chemical, energy -wearing (exergons) fabric implementations, organisms from light in phototrophic. The energy from the sources mentioned is first implemented in a short -term energy storage and carrier, namely in adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP serves as an immediate energy source for energy consuming build -up actions. If a reduction agent is also required for the structure of the body’s own substances, NADPH, which is formed in phototrophic by the light reaction, in chemotrophic by oxidation of fabrics.

The simplest molecules caused by the anabolic process of photosynthesis are simple sugar. These sugar molecules are converted by further anabolic processes; Amino acids, isoprenoids and nucleotides are created, among other things. Complex molecules such as proteins, fats, carbohydrates, inheritance substance or lignin can then be formed from these precursors.

  1. ↑ Lexicon of biology . Herder, Freiburg u. a. O. 1983, S. 166.
  2. ↑ Brockhaus Abc Biology . Brockhaus, Leipzig 1986, p. 861.
  3. ↑ Meyer’s pocket lexicon biology . 2nd Edition. B.I.-Taschenbuchverlag, Mannheim / Vienna / Zurich 1988.
  4. ↑ Gertrud Scherf: Dictionary biology . DTV, Munich 1997, p. 25.
  5. ↑ Lexicon of biology . Spectrum, Heidelberg 1999, S. 310.
  6. ↑ Compact lexicon of biology . Spectrum, Heidelberg 2001.
  7. ↑ Peter H. Raven, George B. Johnson, Jonathan B. Losos, Susan R. Singer: Biology . 7th edition. McGraw-Hill, Boston and a. O. 2005, Glossar S. G-1.
  8. ↑ Eike Libbert: General biology . UTB 1197, 7th edition. Gustav Fischer, Jena 1991, pp. 33, 149.
  9. ↑ Daniel N. Lpedes (ed.): McGraw-Hill Dictionary of the Life Science . McGraw-Hill, New York u. a. O. 1976, S. 45–46.
  10. ↑ William K. Purves, David Sadava, Gordon H. Orians, H. Craig Heller: Biology . 7th edition. Translation into the German, Spectrum Elsevier, Munich 2006, p. 128 (original: 2004).
  11. ↑ Peter H. Raven, George B. Johnson, Jonathan B. Losos, Susan R. Singer: Biology . 7th edition. McGraw-Hill, Boston and a. O. 2005, p. 155 (here the first definition is also used here).
  12. ↑ a b Neil A. Campbell, Jane B. Reece: Biology . 8. Edition. Translation into German, Pearson Studies, Munich 2009.
  13. ↑ G. Czihak, H. Langer, H. Ziegler (ed.): Biology – a textbook . 6. Edition. Springer, Berlin u. O. 1996, p. 87.

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