ARR (Rakete) – Wikipedia
Ares Was the name of a rack series planned as part of the Constellation program of the NASA between 2006 and 2010. Ares should mostly consist of elements based on the space shuttle’s sponsor system. Two models were planned: Ares I, a light carrier of the 25-ton class for the transport of the manned spaceship Orion and Ares V, an unmanned heavy-duty missile for transporting drive levels and space vehicles for manned moon and Mars missions.
The constellation program and with it the development of the rockets was discontinued by the Obama government in 2010 for financial reasons. [first] The concepts of the Ares IV and Ares V partly went into the development of the Space Launch Systems.
The names were announced by NASA on June 30, 2006. [2] In January 2007, NASA announced the concept study of a third rocket, ARES IV. This uses components of both rockets and is intended to promote people with just one start to the moon.
The name Ares is borrowed from the name of the Greek god of war ARES, which is associated with Mars. The ARES carrier should be numbered based on the former Saturn I and Saturn V rockets of the Apollo moon program. Since the ares IV uses parts of the two models, their digits were also used. Previously, the carriers were under the preliminary name Shuttle Derived Launch Vehicle (SDLV) known.
The ARES I carrier was planned in two stages and would have a payload capacity of about 24.5 tons for a low earth orbit with a rail tendency of 28.5 ° (lane of the lifting telescope) and 22.9 tons for a rail tendency of 51.6 ° ( Trail of the ISS). The height was planned for 99 m with a diameter of 3.66 m of the first stage and 5.48 m of the second stage. The ARES-I rocket would have served to start the Orion spaceship for the time being, but later also planned other payloads, for example, a supply vehicle (see H-2 Transfer Vehicle).
The first stage was planned as a space shuttle gract rocket, which was expanded from a fifth fuel segment. This segment should be reusable and would have been recovered after the parachute landing in the Atlantic and was prepared for reuse. [3] The Avionik was based on the Atlas rocket. A special adapter should connect to the upper level. The second stage would have burned liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquid oxygen (Liquid Oxygen-“Lox”) and would have been driven by a J-2x engine from Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, whose predecessor was already used in the upper level of Saturn V. It would also contain the lowering and reaction control system of the lower level in an instrument unit. The payload capsule is about this. At the top of ARES I was a rescue missile in order to be able to pull the space capsule with the astronauts out of the danger area in the event of a false start.
On January 4, 2007, NASA completed a first examination of the system requirements for ARES I, which is a critical point in its development. It was confirmed that the ARES I design concept meets the program requirements. [4]
On September 10, 2009, the first floor test was successfully carried out on the test area in Promontory (Utah) after a first attempt on August 25, 2009 was canceled twenty seconds before the planned ignition. The reason for the demolition was an incorrect fuel supply for an APU, which provides the energy for thrust vector control.
A first suborbital test flight (Ares I-X) only with the first (with only four filled booster segments) and a dummy of the second stage took place on October 28, 2009. [5]
The heavy carrier Ares V was initially only intended for unmanned uses. According to the original concept, it should transport around 130 tons of payload into a low earth orbit. With its height of 109 m, the carrier was approximately in the same size as the former Mondrakete Saturn V. The central level of the rocket would have used a tank that would be technologically based on the outside tank of the Space shuttles, but would have an enlarged diameter at about 10 m as well as five RS-68 engines of the Delta IV for the drive. In addition, it should be supported when starting two five -segment solid boosters of the Space Shuttles. The upper level, also called Earth Departure Stage (EDS), would have been powered by a J-2x engine. Both the central level and the upper level should have worked with the high -energy fuel combination LOX/LH2. The primary payload should initially be the Altair mond ferry.
In June 2008, NASA presented a revised concept for ARES V: [6] As a result, the carrier should now be about six meters longer and receive a sixth RS-68 engine. Due to these changes, Ares V could have transported a total of about 71 tons of payload to the moon or 188 tons in a low earth orbit.
Since January 2007, NASA has been considering ARES IV as another family member, which would have consisted of the central level of Ares V and the upper level of Ares I and should only be used for moon orbit missions. With this rocket, both the Orion spaceship and the Altair Mondland ferry could be started in the direct moon orbit. In contrast to the Ares-I/ares-V scenario, the spaceships would then dock together. In this way it would also be possible to start a rescue ship, should an accident like Apollo 13. The Ares IV was originally only a concept study without concrete realization plans. After the end of the Constellation-Programmes Shortly afterwards, Barack Obama decided by the United States’ congress, parts of the Ares -concept to continue to use. The resulting carrier system Space Launch System is based on the concept of the concept of Ares IV .
- ↑ Statement by Charlie Bolden, NASA Administrator. (PDF) NASA, 1. Februar 2010, S. 4 , Retrieved on February 1, 2010 (English).
- ↑ NASA Ares: NASA’s New Rockets Get Names , 30. June 2006
- ↑ http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/constellation/aresl/index.html
- ↑ NASA NASA Completes Review Milestone for Ares I Vehicle
- ↑ Ares I-X Launch Blog. NASA, 28. OKTOBER 2009, Retrieved on July 14, 2011 (English).
- ↑ David Harris: Study reveals a six RS-68 and 5.5 segment booster for Ares V. nasaspaceflight.com, 15. June 2008, accessed on August 21, 2012 (English).
Recent Comments