François-Zacharie Roussin-Wikipedia
François-Zacharie Roussin (Born September 6, 1827 in Moulins (Ille-ET-Vilaine), † April 8, 1894 in Paris) was a French chemist and pharmacist.
Rouss’s parents were Françoise Roussin and Angélique Daligaut, situated paper makers. After the primary school in Fougères and Gymnasium in Rennes, he studied at the Rennes Medicine and Pharmacy School where he was completed with award (best of the year). During his studies, he worked as an assistant to prepare experiments at the touch.
Contrary to his parents’ wish in Fougères, Roussin wanted to exploit the great opportunities in his field. So, like many young people in 1848, he was drawn to the capital Paris in the course of the February Revolution. In 1849 Roussin started his studies there on Paris hospitals internship that he in 1852 on the Paris School With award, which resulted in the enactment of the tuition fees. Already during his studies, he first managed to extract Mannit from the leaves of the lilac in 1851. He was also able to improve Nitroprussid’s synthesis in 1852.
In 1853 he joined the French army and was in Algiers im Dey Hospital stationed. In 1857 Roussin was promoted to the supervisor at the military hospital VAL-de-Grâce. This year he was also appointed a deputy professor of chemistry and toxicology.
In 1859 he married Clémentine Chagnet and became a member of the Pharmacy Society . He also took his work as an editor of the magazine Annals of public hygiene and legal medicine on. In the same year, his appeal to the toxicological appraiser in the court. This task made a friendship with the at least medical doctor Auguste Ambroise Tardieu, with which he also wrote three books.
From 1861 Roussin experimented with the previously worthless naphthaline, the naphthazarin and synthesized as the first chemist as an azo dye (orange). Furthermore, the black and red Roussin’s ammonium salt named after him. His daughter Marie Amélie was born in the same year.
However, Roussin had not registered a patent on his processes to produce azo colors, which the German chemist Heinrich Caro took advantage of.
In 1868 he was appointed the Knight of the Legion of Honor. In 1871 during the Franco-German War he stayed in Paris and, as a military, was released by the municipalities, but was released after a few days.
Due to the extraction from the Glycyalica root, he discovered glycyrrhicine in 1873, which he in his book The nature of the sweet matter of the licorice root describes. He was also promoted to second -class pharmacist. His delegation went as chief pharmacist of the large military hospital by Lyon. After returning to Paris in 1875, he was promoted to first class pharmacist and was appointed chief pharmacist at the Gros-Caillou military hospital. At the world exhibition in 1878, he received the silver medal for his life’s work. In 1879 Roussin was commissioned to reorganize the Medical Service of the French Army. Because of the transfer as chief pharmacist to the colonial troops in Algeria, Roussin said goodbye to the military. The severance payment was 250,000 ff (a worker earned an average of 2,500 ff a year at that time). In 1886 he received a prize money over 3,000 ff from the Society encouragement in Industry For the use of naphthaline.
Roussin continued his research in the period that followed. Roussin developed for the detection of nicotine a process in which needle -shaped crystals, the Roussin’s crystals, are created by heating. Furthermore, he registered the first patent in mechanically stable coloring fire -proof fibers.
Roussin died at the age of 67 in his laboratory through poisoning caused by the defective lighting, then operated with city gas.
- Falsification of wines by alum, anal of public hygiene and legal medicine
- The nature of the sweet matter of the licorice root
- Medical and clinical study on poisoning , (1875), mit A. Tardieu
- Memory on Coralline, and on the danger of the use of this substance in the dye of certain clothes (1869), mit A. Tardieu
- Medico-legal relationship of the Couty de la Pommerais affair , (1864), mit A. Tardieu
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