Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen – Wikipedia

Friedrich von Recklinghausen

Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen (Born December 2, 1833 in Gütersloh, † August 25, 1910 in Strasbourg) was a German pathologist. The von Recklinghausen disease (neurofibromatosis type 1) is named after him.

Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen was born the son of the elementary school teacher and sexton Friedrich Christoph von Recklinghausen (1805–1849) and Friederike Charlotte born Zumwinkel. His father came from an old patrician family who had repeatedly provided councilors and two mayors in Rheda. His mother died shortly after his birth. Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen initially attended the elementary school in Gütersloh, where his father also taught (now a building of the Gütersloh city museum, a plaque commemorates the famous student), then the Bielefeld council high school, where he graduated from high school in 1852. From 1852 to 1855 he studied medicine at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, where he joined the fraternity Alemannia Bonn. He switched to the Julius Maximilians University in Würzburg and the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Berlin. On August 28, 1855, he only received a doctorate in medicine at the age of 22. ^[first] In 1856 he joined the Prussian army as a one-year-old doctor. From 1858 to 1864, Recklinghausen worked as an assistant at the Pathological Institute in Berlin and, as one of the first students Rudolf Virchow, undertook special pathological-anatomical studies under his leadership.

Königsberg [ Edit | Edit the source text ]

Recklinghausen was hardly 32 years old, was already a full professor of pathological anatomy; A habilitation was unnecessary due to his scientific reputation. In 1865 he followed the first reputation as a full professor of pathological anatomy to the Albertus University Königsberg. The topic of his inaugural speech was The bodies of children’s articles . In Königsberg he met his future wife Marie Jacobson (1846–1918), the daughter of the Jewish doctor Jacob Jacobson from Braunsberg in East Prussia. In 1867 the first of his five children was born, his son Heinrich Jacob von Recklinghausen. This later acquired a name as a doctor, blood pressure researcher and philosopher.

Würzburg [ Edit | Edit the source text ]

From the winter semester 1865/1866 until the summer semester 1872 ^[2] was a professor of Recklinghausen at the University of Würzburg, where he deepened his research on pyemia and in 1871 ^[3] Bacteria examined in the tissue. Emil Ponfick served him as an assistant there. Like its predecessor, August Förster, from Recklinghausen also taught medical history there. ^[4]

Strasbourg [ Edit | Edit the source text ]

On April 20, 1872, Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen moved to the newly founded Kaiser-Wilhelm University in the Reichsland Alsaß-Lorraine. In 1875/76 and 1897 he was dean of the medical faculty. For the academic year 1883/84, he was elected rector of the university. In his principal speech, he dealt with medical teaching: About the historical development of medical teaching, its preconditions and its task . ^[5] After retiring in 1906, he was still working on a comprehensive monograph on rachitis and osteomalacia, which was completed in his death year. Recklinghausen was one of the founders of the German Pathology Society in 1884. With Bernhard Naunyn he was the editor of the Naunyn Schmiedeberg Archive. He is buried alongside his wife at the Saint-Louis cemetery in Robertsau. The gravestone carries the inscription:

In Recklinghausen’s bibliography, numerous aphoristic contributions and scientific lectures can be found, the written fixation of which is missing or that can only be assessed based on comments. The description of the ostitis fibrosa cystica named after him is particularly noteworthy among his versatile work. Von Recklinghausen initially dealt with hemochromatosis and introduced this technical term into medicine. In 1862 he showed that connective tissue rooms are drained by lymphatic vessels and that amöboid cells (tissue macarophages) occur in it that he correctly assigned to leukocytes. He justified the method of silver coloring for the detection of cell connections. Von Recklinghausen, Julius Friedrich Cohnheim (1839–1884) and Elie Metschnikoff (1845–1916) created the foundations for modern inflammatory teaching leukocyte migration. During his studies in Würzburg, Recklinghausen was able to demonstrate the importance of bacterial infiltrates pyemia in blood vessels for the first time. Recklinghausen’s pathological-anatomical way of thinking still arises from the strictly cellular pathological ideas of Virchow. Recklinghausen is still alien to humoral pathological or functional thinking, which shapes Cohnheim’s work and Metschnikoffs. Nevertheless, he is the man who dares the first step in this direction and whose study of the inflammatory cell changes leads to the significant discovery of the “hiking cells”. In Strasbourg he dealt primarily with the pathology of the cardiovascular system. In 1881 he wrote the classic article about the neurofibromatosis named after him.

Incomplete list

• The lymphatic vessels and their relationships with the connective tissue (1862)
• Exquisite pathological-anatomical observations. In: Virchows archive. Band 30, 1864, S. 368 ff.
• Microphotographies after pathological-anatomical preparations (1878)
• The multiple fibromas of the skin and their relationships with the multiple neuromas (1881)
• Handbook of the general pathology of the circulation and nutrition (1883)
• Studies on the spina bifida (1886)
• The fibrous or deforming ostitis, osteomalacia and osteoplastic carcinosis in their mutual relationships (1891)
• Adenomyomes and cystadenomas of the uterine and tube wall, their descent of remains of the Wolff’s body (1898)
• Honorary President of the German Pathology Society (1905)

• Axel Hinrich Murken: Recklinghausen, Friedrich Daniel von. In: New German biography (Ndb). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4, p. 236 f. ( Digitized ).
• Marquard Michler: The beginnings of modern inflammation theory. 100 years ago Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen discovered the hiking cells . Medical monthly (Stuttgart) 1963, pp. 743–747.
• G. Hauser: Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen. Memory speech, held at the meeting of November 30, 1910. In: Meeting reports of the physical-medical law firm in Erlangen. Band 42, 1910, S. 1–10.
• Hans Chiari: Friedrich Daniel v. Recklinghausen . Negotiations of the German Pathological Society (Jena) 1912: pp. 478–488.
• Karen Kummerfeldt: Friedrich Daniel v. Recklinghausen: Biography and summary of the most important writings on bone diseases with special consideration of the general bone pathology and the Eastitis fibrosa Generalisata cystica . Diss. Univ. Hamburg 1993.
• Barbara I. TSHISUAKA: Recklinghausen, Friedrich Daniel von , in: Werner E. Gerabek, Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (ed.): Encyclopedia medical history. It is Gayim, Greping/ New 2005, 11514-44, Sk.
• Manfred Vasold: From the life of pathologist Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen (1833–1910). In: Vestic magazine. Band 108, 2020/2021, S. 279–293.

1. ↑ Dissertation: The pyaemiae theories (“About the theories of Pyemia”)
2. ↑ List of the staff and the students of the University of Würzburg WS 1865/66 to Sose 1872
3. ↑ Paul Diepgen, Heinz Goerke: Aschoff: Short overview table on the history of medicine. 7th, newly processed edition. Springer, Berlin/Göttingen/Heidelberg 1960, p. 42.
4. ↑ Robert Herrlinger: The development of medical history teaching at the Julius Maximilians University. Messages from the Georg Sticker Institute for History of Medicine at the University of Würzburg, Issue 1 (March 1957), pp. 1–8; P. 5.
5. ↑ Rektoratsreden (HKM)
6. ↑ Holger Krahnke: The members of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen 1751-2001 (= Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, Philological-History Class. Episode 3, Volume 246 = Treatises of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen, mathematical-physical class. Episode 3, Volume 50). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2001, ISBN 3-525-82516-1, p. 197.