Gray breast bushammer-Wikipedia

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The Gray breast bushammer ( Atlapetes schistaceus ) is a species of bird from the family of the Neuwelemers (Passerellidae). The species has a large distribution area that includes the South American countries Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela. The inventory is not endangered by the IUCN ( Least Concern ) assessed. [first]

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The gray breast bushemmer reaches a body length of about 18 centimeters. The top is mostly gray. Only the crown and neck are chestnut colors. The head pages are black. The wings and the tail are tinted black. There is a striking white wing mirror on the wings. The throat is white with striking black and white stripes on the cheeks. The underside is gray and looks more whitish in the middle of the abdomen.

The species occurs in damp to wet mountain forests at heights between 2000 and 3800 meters. Here you can see them primarily on bushy forest edges, moss -overgrown crippled and low tree forms of the crooked wood zones as well as thicket and hedges near the tree line. You can also see them in small forest -like areas above the tree line.

It is a relatively active bushammer and therefore relatively easy to discover. Individuals or families like to follow other species. It only moves between bushes and low trees of the lower stratification layers. It jumps from branch to branch. If she is looking for food on the ground, it behaves rather inconspicuously. In doing so, she feeds mainly by insects and fruits.

Five subspecies are described, which differ primarily in their coloring and their distribution area: [2]

  • Atlapetes schistaceus schistaceus (Boissonneau, 1840) comes on the east slopes of the Andes in Morona Santiago and the Finca Rancho Grande near Santandercitovor. [3] West and central people of Colombia to Ecuador. Nominate form
  • Atlapetes schistaceus tamae Cory, 1913 only present in the state of Táchira. Krone is brighter than in nominate form. The only shape with matt lane black over the beak. The throat is white gray. No wing mirror.
  • Atlapetes schistaceus fumidus Wetmore & Phelps Jr., 1953 occurs in the Sierra de Perijá in the state of Zulia. Resembles A. S.Castaneifrons But has blacker backs.
  • Atlapetes schistaceus castaneifrons (Sclater & Salvin, 1875) was originally under Buarremon Castaneifrons described [4] Present in the states of Táchira, Mérida to the 3,585 meter high Páramo Cendé in the north of Trujillo near the border with Lara. Even lighter crown than in A. S. TAMAE The wing mirror is missing or is only very weak.
  • Atlapetes schistaceus taczanowskii (Sclater & Salvin, 1875) was originally under the name Barremon Taczanowskii In the same post as A. s. Castaneifrons described. Occurs on the eastern slopes of the northern central country from Peru in the Huánuco regions to Junín. Has a lighter crown than A. s. Castaneifrons And the wing mirror is missing. The cheeks are almost white with only imperceptible black line.

For some authors, the Cusco-Buschammer ( Atlapetes canigenis ) Chapman, 1919 as another subspecies. This is because in English the name used to be in English too Slaty Brush-finch has been used. In truth, this endemic species is still more red ear-bushammer ( Dash ) or the black face bushemmer ( Atlapetes melanolaemus ) related. [5]

Auguste Boissonneau first described this bushammer Tanagra (Arremon) schistaceus . [6] The word Dashing For the genus exposes itself Atla For the Titan Atlas, whose name Carrier, duler means and Pet From the Greek petros for the rock together. In ancient mythology, Atlas wore the sky vault on his shoulders. The species comes from the Latin and forms from the word schistaceus for slate (d. h. blaugrau).

  • Steven L. Hilty, William L. Brown: A Guide to the Birds of Colombia. Princeton University Press, 1986, S. 649f, ISBN 978-0691083728.
  • Steven L. Hilty, John A. Gwynne, Guy Tudor: Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0691092508, S. 810f.
  • Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee, William H. Phelps, Guy Tudor: A Guide to the Birds of Venezuela. Princeton University Press, 1992, S. 358 ISBN 978-0691082059
  • Robert S. Ridgely, Guy Tudor, William Liddle Brown: The Birds of South America. Band I: The Oscine Passerines. Jays and Swallows, Wrens, Thrushes, and Allies, Vireos and Wood-Warblers, Tanagers, Icterids, and Finches. University of Texas Press, 1989, ISBN 9780292707566, S. 442f.
  • Thomas Schulenberg, Douglas F. Stotz, Daniel F. Lane: Birds of Peru. Princeton University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-691-04915-1, S. 604.
  • Robert S. Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide , Vol. 1, Cornell University Press, 2001, S. 783, ISBN 978-0-8014-8720-0
  • Robert S. Ridgely, Paul J. Greenfield: Birds of Ecuador Field Guide , Vol. 2, Cornell University Press, 2001, S. 687, ISBN 978-0-8014-8721-7
  1. ↑ Dashing schistaceus In the red list of endangered types of IUCN 2010.3. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2009. Raanced on October 16, 2010.
  2. ↑ Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative S. 297f Biology and eveolution of the Atlapetes schistaceus species-group (Aves: Emberizinae) (engl.)
  3. ↑ The Auk Birds of a Highland Clearing in Cundinamarca, Colombia (PDF; 677 kB)
  4. ↑ Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1875 S. 235f Buarremon Castaneifrons SP.NOV. (years.)
  5. ↑ Proposal (#85) to South American Check-list Committee: Change English name of Atlapetes canigenis ( Memento of the Originals from June 28, 2010 in Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been used automatically and not yet checked. Please check original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. @first @2 Template: Webachiv/Iabot/www.museum.lsu.edu (engl.)
  6. ↑ Zoological review by the Cuvirian company 1840 S. 69 New or little known birds of Bogota Santa-Fé T. (Arremon) schistaceus (franz.)

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