Nebula (Pskow) – Wikipedia

Nebula ( Russian Nevel ) is a city with 16,324 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) ^[first] in the Pskow Oblast in northwestern Russia. It is the center of the Rajon Newel and is located on the banks of the lake of the same name, 242 km southeast of the area capital Pskow. The nearest city is Novosokolniki about 40 km north.

A first documentable mention of Newel is due to 1503. At that time the place was a fortress of Russian tsarity and had a castle. The origin of the city name is suspected in the Baltic Sea -Finnish languages ​​and could have meant something like “swamp”.

From the 16th to the 18th century, Newel was competitive several times as a border town and at times belonged to Poland-Litauen, for almost 100 years from 1678 to 1772, when the place finally came to the Russian Empire with the first division of Poland. Shortly afterwards, Newel received the city status and was assigned to the Pskow governorate. In 1778 Tsarin Katharina approved a development plan for Newel. Three years later, the city coat of arms became the official symbol of Newels.

In the war against Napoleon in 1812, Newel again served as a fortress city with several hospitals. In the course of the 19th century, several industrial companies were created in the city, and Newel was also known for regular agricultural fairs. It became an important railway junction.

6000 Jews lived in Newel in the 1920s, they made up half of the population and had a Yiddish state school.
During the Second World War, Newel was occupied on July 15, 1941, less than a month after the beginning of the German Russian campaign by troops from the army group in the middle of the Wehrmacht. In August it was on the territory of the park Golubaja dascha (“Blue Datscha”) A ghetto for the Jews of the place near the city. On September 6, 1941, the SS murdered around 800 Jews, mostly women and children with the participation of local police forces. A total of around 2,000 Jews from Rajon Newel died during the occupation. ^[2]

In October 1943, Newel was recaptured by the Red Army. Due to the fights, especially when recapturing, the city was largely destroyed. In the course of intensive industrialization in the post -war period, the damage was largely eliminated.

Population development [ Edit | Edit the source text ]

Annotation: Counting data

Description: In green a black rider with a flying silver helmet jewelry on red -blinded black horse above a bent golden shield foot a red shield with a white double cross with your left hand and swinging a silver sword in the other hand.

There are around 15 industrial companies in today’s Newel, including shoe and textile industry. With two train stations that serve two railway lines – namely from Saint Petersburg to Wizebsk and that from Welikije Luki to Polazk – the city is an important rail traffic junction. The next Fernstraße is the R23, which runs near the city and is also connected to the M9.

• Raise , in: Guy Miron (Hrsg.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust , Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5, S. 519F.

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 Goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (results of the all -Russian census 2010. Volume 1st number and distribution of the population). Table 5 , S. 12–209; 11 , Pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the federal service for state statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ memorial Golubaja dascha On the website of the Committee of the Oblast Pskow to protect the cultural heritage (Russian)