Olof of Dlin – Wikipedia Wikipedia
Olof von Dalin , before nobilitation Olof Dahlin , (Born August 29, 1708 in Vinberg (Halland), † August 12, 1763 on Drottningholm) was a Swedish poet, writer, satirist and historian. He heralded with the foundation of the magazine Then Swänska Argus , which was decisive in the Swedish literature of that time in a sound and morphological point of view. [first] He is considered the most important representatives of Swedish Enlightenment. Its enormous productivity consisted of around 2500 works, which included most literary genres. [2] In the four -volume work The history of the Swedish Empire (Swedish Svea Rike’s history , 1747–62) he treated Swedish history from antiquity to the time of Charles IX.
Dalin was born on the rectory Vinberg near Falkenberg in 1708. His parents, Jonas Dalin and Margareta Birgitta Auseen, came from priestly families. His father died at the age of two. His mother married Severin Böckman, who previously performed activities as an adjunct and was now a parish priest. Although the family was not wealthy, Dalin received a good education. First he was taught by his parents, later by a tutor. At the age of 13, Dalin wrote down at the University of Lund and studied there for six years. First he turned to the subject of medicine. However, his later interest was, among other things, inspired by the philosophy professor Andreas Rydelius, in the fields of philosophy, history and literature.
After completing the university in 1727, Dalin was employed as a tutor at the Rålamb nobility family in Stockholm. There he came into contact with leading capital circles from politics and culture. His joke and his literary talents became known. Dalin acknowledged the private teacher service, became a chancellor in the Reich Archive in 1731 and in 1732 in the law firm. He spent part of his free time with historical research.
Then Swänska Argus [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
In December 1732, B. Schneider book printer published the first anonymous edition of Dalin’s satirical weekly magazine Then Swänska Argus . Role models of the Argus were Richard Steeles and Joseph Addison’s English magazines, especially The Spectator . The Argus Used translated material from the Spectator and copied the articles of the Dutch-French The Misantrope . From this, some typical figures such as the soldier of this came, the Hofmann Ehrenmenuet and others. What was new was that you could read stories about ordinary people in Swedish, treated everyday problems and used the colloquial language – political satire in mythical form. [3]
In March 1733, despite all the precautions, the magazine was banned due to certain attacks against religion, state and morality. The ban, the magazine estimated by Queen Ulrika Eleonora, was lifted again four days later by the Prime Minister Arvid Horn, possibly through the intervention of the court.
There was great curiosity in the question about the names of the authors. One guess was that the word “Argus” was an acrostic with the initial letters of the employees’ names. It was not until 1735 that Dalin was identical to the generally admired author. During this time he was introduced to the royal couple, which rewarded him with precious gifts. In 1737, Dalin was appointed royal librarian thanks to the royal benevolence and on the recommendation of the Standards Day.
1730s [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
Of the works of Dalin in the 1730s, the Minnesang on Conrad Ribbing, the Carl Gustaf Tessin, in his capacity as the land marshal of the Reichstag from 1738 are in particular Thoughts over the unwelcome dedicated poem and the satire influenced by Baileau April works about our lovely time to emphasize from 1737. He also wrote lyrical wise and some pastoral poems with satirical or erotic hints. Dalin took over the speech for the Royal Swedish Schauspielhaus newly opened in 1737 (Swedish: Kungliga Svenska Skådeplats). He wrote the prosacomedy for this stage The jealous ( The jealous , 1738). In the same year he wrote the tragedy written in Alexandrinern Brynilda , Sweden’s first important tragedy in French-classicist style. The topic comes from Old Norse and Old German sagas about Siegfried the dragon slower, reworked according to the French tragedy. The piece is similar to Jean Racines Andromache , which already existed in Swedish translation in 1723. Dalin later started the tragedy Cato to write, whose style is probably indicated by François Voltaires. It remained unfinished.
He also wrote prose. His work Thoughts on the criticism ( Thoughts about criticism ) is a defense of the honest satire Arngrim Bersärk’s excellent thoughts about a bargain in the earth and The correspondence between Ragvald Pik and Mr. Silfverspasser blade Dalin Rudbeck took on pedantic archaeological research and his snobbish speech falsification. [4]
Dalin was also one of the first elected members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Journey to Paris 1739 [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
In 1739 Dalin, together with his former student Hans Gustaf Rålamb, went on a trip abroad. She led over Denmark, Hamburg and the Netherlands to Paris, where he stayed for half a year. Carl Gustaf Tessin, who was in the French capital of Swedish ambassadors, presented Dalin in the Paris Society. In particular, the historian Charles Rollin, whom he met there, influenced his later work. During the Parisian period, he was involved in a philosophical discourse with the baron Carl Gustaf Cederhielm and exchanged disputes with him using Alexandriners.
The horse [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
After returning to home in the summer of 1740, Dalin continued his work as a writer. It was felt that it had been influenced by contemporary French poetry, by Voltaire’s poetry and above all by politically satirical sound poetry. These works include the politically historical fable The horse , an allegory of Sweden’s fate under the Kalmar Union. Sweden is embodied by the shape of the horse Grålle, whose different riders denote the Swedish kings. The fable, influenced by Jonathan Swifts A Tale of a Tub , became a model for many similar political prose density.
The political dalin [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
Dalin, who used to be close to the Hattarne (the “hats”), the young party of Swedish aristocracy, and for the politics of Charles XII. entered, in 1740 after his return from abroad there was a persona non grata at the war-lusty hat party. He was now neutral or was more drawn to the Mössorna (the “hats”), which represented the opposite pole to the “hats”. His time poems, which was created during the Russian-Swedish War, which was provoked by the Hut party, were anything but the hat party in a friendly manner. Several small satirical-political poems over the epidemic elections, the Dalarhnaun rest in 1743 and party disputes reveal an influence of French chanson and epigram poems. The combat song, which was created in 1738, with the chorus “But the hat is crowned with laurel, victory and fame”, only appeared after the end of the war, which ended with a defeat of Sweden, and achieved the “hats” party by the ironic allusion to the party of the “hats” Meaning. [4]
Another time poem was the remarkable Swedish freedom ( Swedish freedoms , 1742). It dealt with the ideals of freedom and criticizes party fission. For Dalin’s future, the poem was the most important poetry and, in contrast to the earlier poetry, achieved national scope. The epic shows influences by James Thomson, Voltaire (the Henriad) and also of Fénelon and Milton.
The starting point is the death of Queen Ulrika Eleonore (1741). The poem is initiated with an allegorical description of freedom, looking for protection at Ulrika and reports on her fate lived through her in Sweden. Ulrika then dreams of disaster of disagreement. Dalin hoped to be ennobled with this work, which was dedicated to knighthood and aristocracy. [5] Instead, the secret committee of the Swedish Reichstag proposed to give the order to a work on Swedish history.
In addition, Dalin created other lyrical and small poetic works such as Ängsövisan , Spring song , Skatan sits on the church tower and other. While Swedish freedom And the tragedy Brow It was primarily valued by the upscale society, his slight wise success in the simple people.
The history of the Swedish Empire [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
In the mid -1740s, Dalin’s development as the author of fiction was essentially complete. He now devoted himself to the letter of the History of the Swedish Empire ( Svea Rike’s history ). The first part was built in 1747, the second 1750 and the third 1760 to 1761. The work described the development of the empire from the past, through the Middle Ages up to the time of Gustav Vasas and his sons. Sometimes national prejudices shaped its descriptions. In contrast to Sven Lagerbring, his historiography is strongly noble -friendly. The historian Anders Af Botin claimed that Dalin lacked sufficient knowledge of the legal and tax elements of history and therefore criticized him sharply.
Dalin and the farm [ Edit | Edit the source text ]
In 1750 Dalin came in direct contact with the farm when Carl Gustaf Tessin made him as a teacher of the Crown Prince Gustav. After he had overcome the prejudices of Queen Luise Ulrike against himself, he became her devoted servant, a popular teacher for her son, secretary of her royal Swedish scholarship, history and antique academy and social poems as well as entertaining minister at her farm. In 1751 Dalin was ennobled, appointed the law firm in 1753 and was appointed Reich historian in 1755.
In a pastoral, with which he celebrated the return of the king from Finland in 1752, several allusions to the too great power of the stands appeared. In the so -called “Kalottpredikningar” he mocked high -ranking members of the priesthood in words, gestures and voice.
In addition, Dalin was used by the farm in 1755 to negotiate nothing less than to negotiate the expansion of the Swedish king with the French writer Louis Joseph Plumard de Dangeul, who was in connection with the French court to help some specific written statements in the council. Negotiations with Dangeul became known to some rulers, including Johane von Höpken, and
Dalin had to fear for his life. In 1756 he was brought to trial, but only for the pastoral, the “Kalottpredikningar” and his refusal, the changes to the new edition of the drama. Swedish freedom to take. The result was that Dalin was banished and he was legally prohibited to approach the places where the royal family was approaching. He also received a fine for the “Kalottpredikningar”. Due to the exile, he remained only a few open refuge. In his free time, he continued the work on his historical work. In 1761 the exile was lifted and he became a member of the court circles again. In March 1763 he was appointed court chancellor.
Above his grave in the Lovö cemetery, the queen had a plaque attached.
As one of the first representatives of the educational period, Dalin is of great importance for Sweden’s science history. He is a representative of the moral-satirical prosal literature at the time, the French-classicist current in drama and epic as well as the light rococo-colored social poetry and poetry. In all areas he was a pioneer and public educator. Compared to foreign sizes, he was not a fine spirit or a terrific personality, but it is certain that Dalin is one of the leading cultural personalities of Sweden. Only a few Swedish writers have implemented a larger work than him. Many Gustavian writers followed his example and even Carl Michael Bellman saw his Swedish teaching father in him. [6] As a single personality, Dalin undoubtedly had weaknesses and his character seems to be weak. He was subordinate to ungratefulness and indecisiveness.
In 1764 Olof Celsius the younger kept a commemorative speech about Dalin in the Academy of Sciences and in 1769 the academy was shaped in honor of a medal. The Svenska Academies dedicated a commemorative medal to him in 1798.
- Lars G. Warme: A History of Swedish Literature . University of Nebraska Press, 1996, ISBN 0-8032-4750-8.
- Göran Hägg: Swedish literary history . Wahlström & Widstrand, 1996, ISBN 91-46-17629-2.
- Göran Hägg: Swedish history . Wahlström & Widstrand, 2003.
- Ingemar Carlsson: Olof von Dalin – Social debater, historian, language innovator . Cal publisher, Falkenberg 1997.
- Ingemar Carlsson: Olof von Dalin as a cartoonist . Publisher View, Falkenberg 2003.
- Dalin, Olof von . In: Herman Hofberg, Frithiof Heurlin, Viktor Millqvist, Olof Rubenson (ed.): Swedish biographical hand lexicon . 2nd Edition. Band first : A -K . Albert Bonniers Verlag, Stockholm 1906, S. 215–216 (Swedish, runberg.org ).
- Dalin, Olof von . In: Bernhard Meijer, Theodor Westrin (ed.): Nordic family book conversation lexicon and realcyclopedia . 2nd Edition. Band 5 : Cestius-degas . Nordic Family Book Förlag, Stockholm 1906, Sp. 1169–1175 (Swedish, runberg.org ).
- ↑ Adolf Noreen: History of the Nordic languages, especially in Old Norse times . Publisher by Karl J. Trübner, Strasbourg 1913, S. 47 . ( Read online (PDF; 13.1 MB), accessed on September 22, 2012)
- ↑ Ingemar Carlsson, Olof von Dalin, 1708–1763 in: Swedish translator lexicon (Swedish), accessed on September 22, 2012
- ↑ Hägg (1996), pages 132–133
- ↑ a b Dalin, Olof von . In: Bernhard Meijer, Theodor Westrin (ed.): Nordic family book conversation lexicon and realcyclopedia . 2nd Edition. Band 5 : Cestius-degas . Nordic Family Book Förlag, Stockholm 1906, Sp. 1171 (Swedish, runberg.org ).
- ↑ Dalin, Olof von . In: Bernhard Meijer, Theodor Westrin (ed.): Nordic family book conversation lexicon and realcyclopedia . 2nd Edition. Band 5 : Cestius-degas . Nordic Family Book Förlag, Stockholm 1906, Sp. 1173 (Swedish, runberg.org ).
- ↑ Dalin, Olof von . In: Bernhard Meijer, Theodor Westrin (ed.): Nordic family book conversation lexicon and realcyclopedia . 2nd Edition. Band 5 : Cestius-degas . Nordic Family Book Förlag, Stockholm 1906, Sp. 1174 (Swedish, runberg.org ).
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