School of Paris (Kunst) – Wikipedia
Paris School (French for: ” School of Paris “) Denotes different groups of artists at different times: a group of medieval book painters, a group of non-French artists in Paris before the First World War and a similar group between the two world wars and a group of contemporary painters after the Second World War.
The medieval Paris School refers to the many book painters, whose identities are mostly unknown and who have made an internationally important center of book illustration from Paris throughout the Romanesque and Gothic period of the Middle Ages, and also for some time in the Renaissance. The best -known artists of that time were Jean Pucelle and Jean Fouquet. The brothers of Limburg were also included, who originally came from the Netherlands, but also spent a lot of time in Paris, as well as Burgundy and Bourges. However, their style was not typical of the Paris of that time. Many of the painters in the workshops of the Paris School The Middle Ages and the Renaissance were women.
In contrast to other art centers referred to as “schools” with a uniform style Modern Paris School Not a fixed concept of style, but the entirety of the art scene native to Paris towards the end of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. The Parisian art scene of this time was largely shaped by some non-French artists, especially by Jewish immigrants. [first] This included primarily artists such as Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris and Amedeo Modigliani, including the French artists Henri Matisse, André Derain and Georges Braque. Other noteworthy artists are Marc Chagall, Giorgio de Chirico, Kees van Dongen, Eugeniusz Zak, Max Ernst, Joan Miró and Piet Mondrian and the Frenchman Pierre Bonnard.
In the period before 1900, impressionism, post-impressionism and Art Nouveau were presenting, between 1901 and 1914, Fauvism and Cubism dominated in Paris. More expressive orientations can be found at Georges Rouault and in the early work of Picassos.
After the First World War, many of these artists – to whom Hans Arp, Robert Delaunay, Sonia Delaunay, Constantin Brâncuși, Raoul Dufy, René Iché, Arthur Kolnik, Tsuguharu Foujita and Chaim Soutine are also counted – until World War II in Paris . During this time, there was also an endanger Return to order (in the years from 1918 to 1924) Dadaism also revealed; In the years 1925 until the outbreak of the Second World War, surrealism. Christian Zervos, Tériade and Iris Cletert played an important role in the reception of the École de Paris.
After the Second World War until about 1960, the New Paris School or Second school of Paris A group of contemporary painters who were primarily devoted to abstract painting. The New Paris School Was a non -firmly organized group of interconnected Paris painters, which was largely influenced by Roger Bissière. These included Jean Dubuffet, Pierre Soulages, Nicolas de Staël, Hans Hartung, Serge Poliakoff, Jean-Michel Coulon, Bram van Velde, Georges Mathieu, Jean René Bazaine, Alfred Manessier, Jean Le Moal and Gustave. Added, but rather artistically active, were Arnold Fiedler, Hans Hartung, Serge Poliakoff, Nicolas de Staël, the Turkish-Irakian artist Fahrelnissa Zeid, Maria Helena Vieira da Silva, Raoul Ubac, Wols, the Franco Chinese artist Zao WoU-Ki and The artists of Cobra. Many of these artists were representatives of lyrical abstraction and tachism, often the New Paris School also as a synonym for Tachismus used.
Paris School was also the name of a series of exhibitions of modern art in Paris. One of the most important exhibitions is the ” Paris School 1957 ” in the Carpenter gallery . More than 150 artists took part in this exhibition, including Hans Hartung, Roger Bissière, Édouard Pignon, Gustave Singier, Pierre Soulages, Jean-Michel Coulon, Jean Carzou, Roger Chapelain-Midy and many other important artists.
- Martin Schieder: In the view of the other. The Franco-German art relationships 1945–1959 (= Passages. Vol. 12). With a foreword by Werner Spies and a poem by K. O. Götz. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-05-004148-X.
- The Paris school, 1904–1929, the other’s share. Paris Moées, Paris 2007, ISBNN 2 –87900 Luxembourg-MOICLE: MEY COULD 2010 30 – 111).
- Nadine Nieszawer, Marie Boyé, Paul Fogel: Jewish painters in Paris. 1905–1939. Paris School. Denoël editions, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-207-25142-X.
- Giulio Carlo Argan: Propylea art history. The art of the 20th century. Propyläen-Verlag, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-549-05112-3.
- Christa Murken-Altrogge, Axel Hinrich Murken: From expressionism to soul and body art. “Processes of freedom”. Modern painting for beginners. Dumont, Cologne 1985, ISBN 3-7701-1756-5.
- ↑ Horst Richter: Painting of our century . Dumont-Schauberg, Cologne 1969, p. 30.
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