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Map of LocalizaCión de La Unidad Municipal of Stimfalía, in the peripheral unidad of Corintia.
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Stimfaine It is a town and a municipal unit that belongs to the municipality of Sión, in Corinthia, Greece. The town, in 2011, had 151 inhabitants, while the municipal unit had a population is 2427 inhabitants. [ first ] The municipal unit occupies a mountain valley with an average altitude of 600 meters. Mount Cilene dominates the northeast, reaching c. 2400 meters. To the south of the current population of Stimfalía there are some remains of an old settlement of ancient Greece that was called from Sting O Successful fur (en griego, Stymfalos O Styl).

Estinphalo was the name of a city, a district, a river, a lake, and a mountain northeast of Arcadia.

The territory of Estinfalo was limited by Acaya to the north, sition and fliunte the east mantinea to the south, and orchomeno and feneo to the west. It was surrounded by mountains, including the Mountains Estinfalo. To the south a lake was also called Estinfalo (στυμφαλὶς λίμνη). In the northern part was the Estinfalo river, which hid and ran underground to reappear under the name of Erasino in Argólida. In its territory was the place of Apelauro.

The geronteo is the mountain that separates the valleys of Feneo and Estinfalo (in the town of Zaraka). The Estinfalo Valley is between Mount Cilene to the north, the Apelauro to the east, the oligirto to the south and the geronteo to the west, and in the lowest part of the valley a lake is formed, to which two great rivers are going to stop, which, which they drain by means of catavotras and whose water after 35 km of underground current appears again in Argos.

The city of Estinfalo derived its name, according to Greek mythology, from Estinfalo, son of him, grandson of Ares. [ 2 ] It was already mentioned by Homer in the ship catalog from Iliad where it appeared as one of the places of Arcadia. [ 3 ] It is occupied by Apolónides, general of Casandro [ 4 ] And then he was a member of the Aquea League. [ 5 ] It disappeared in an indeterminate time (it no longer existed in the second century BC) and its territory was included in Argólida during the Pausanias. [ 6 ] ​

In ancient Greece, Estinfalo occupied the Northwest Valley of Arcadia, and was famous for being the site of one of Hercules’ works: killing the birdfalus birds. [ 7 ] ​

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The goddess Hera was revered on the site in an archaic form in which she took three phases: as a maiden, as a midwife and as a widow. [ 8 ] ​ [ 9 ] Píndaro mentions an former Olympic winner of the eighth Olympiad, and urges the stings to venerate his Virginal Hera, who was apparently a vestige of the pre -Olympic religion.

There was also a sanctuary of Artemisa Estinfelia. [ ten ] ​

There is a source in Estinfalo from which Emperor Adriano brought water to the city of Corinth. [ 11 ] ​

The territory is called today Zaraka Valley, by the Zaraka monastery, a short distance from the lake.

Archeology [ To edit ]

Archaeological excavations of 1980-2002: Acropolis, Citadel, Southwest Door. The shaded area is suitable for the location of the Estinphalo Lake.

Anastasios Orlandos excavated parts of the site for the Archaeological Society of Athens between 1924 and 1930. Since 1982, the excavations of the site on the northern shore of Lake Estinfalo are directed by the University of British Columbia. Archaeological studies and excavations have revealed a refounded people in the fourth century BC. C. [ twelfth ] The posterior city extended on a reticular grid plane, with 6 m wide roads that ran from north to south every thirty meters, which crossed with the main avenues from this to west at intervals of about one hundred meters. They have also been identified house, a theater, a fore, several temples and a sanctuary with an inscription with the polyad letters … (“of the city”), found by Orlandos in 1925, but today lost, seems to indicate that it was given Cult Athena Polias. In an annex to the temple several dozen loom weights suggest the additional presence of a textile workshop.

There are four Paleochristian cemeteries. Just north of the ancient city are the remains of the Medieval Cistercian monastery of Zaraka, also partially excavated by the Canadian Institute. There are several other smaller sites dispersed around the valley, but they have not yet been systematically studied.

See also [ To edit ]

Notes and references [ To edit ]

  1. ↑ Detail of the 2011 census (in Greek)
  2. ↑ Pausanias 8, 4,6.
  3. ↑ Homer, Iliad II,608.
  4. ↑ Diodorus Sulo XIX, 63.
  5. ↑ Polybius II, 55; IV, 68.
  6. ↑ Pausanias 8, 22,1.
  7. ↑ Pausanias VIII, 22,4-5, where it is also said that Pisandro de Cáliro indicated that Heracles had not killed the birds but that he had scared them with Castañuelas. On the other hand, birds are cited in Arabia called stinphalids.
  8. ↑ Pausanias, Description of Greece , VII, 22,2.
  9. ↑ In this cult, Hera as a representative of the Earth, appears in the three different stations, in spring as a girl, in summer as an adult and in winter as a widow.
  10. ↑ Pausanias 8, 22,8.
  11. ↑ The source is the current Kefalovrysi, below the town of Zaraka. According to Esteban de Byzantium, it was called Estinfalo, but it seems that the classic name was Metopa (Píndaro, Olympic , We, 84 ; scolios to Callimaco, Anthem I, 26.
  12. ↑ The city of the Bronze Age and the first classic stipal have not been located.

external links [ To edit ]

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