Turbidez – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

It is understood by turbidity O turbidity tailored to the degree of transparency that loses water or some other colorless liquid due to the presence of suspended particles. The higher the amount of solids suspended in the liquid, the greater the degree of turbidity. In water purification and wastewater treatment, turbidity is considered a good parameter to determine the quality of water, the greater the turbidity lower quality.

Origin [ To edit ]

There are several parameters that influence water turbidity. Some of them are:

• Presence of phytoplankton, or growth of algae;
• Presence of sediments from erosion;
• Presence of sediments resuspended from the background (frequently scrambled by fish that feed on the bottom, such as the tent);
• Discharge of effluents, such as urban runoff mixed in the water analyzed.

Limit for human consumption [ To edit ]

According to WHO (World Health Organization), the turbidity of water for human consumption should not exceed 5 the 5 Segment , and be ideally below 1 NTU.

Filtering systems, of human consumption water treatment plants must ensure that turbidity does not exceed 1 NTU* (0.6ntu for conventional or direct filtration) in at least 95% of the daily samples of any month. As of January 1, 2002, in the US standards. UU., Turbidity should not exceed 1 NTU, and should not exceed 0.3 in 95% of the daily samples of any month.

Effects of high turbidity [ To edit ]

Suspended particles absorb heat from sunlight, causing cloudy waters to become hotter, and thus reducing the concentration of oxygen in the water (oxygen dissolves better in colder water). In addition, some organisms cannot survive in hotter water, while the multiplication of others is favored. Suspension particles disperse the light, in this way decreasing the photosynthetic activity in plants and algae, which contributes to lower the concentration of oxygen even more.

As a consequence of the sedimentation of the particles in the background, the shallow lakes are struck faster, fish eggs and insect larvae are covered and suffocated, fish guts are tuned or damaged.

The main impact of high turbidity is merely aesthetic: nobody likes the appearance of dirty water. But in addition, it is essential to eliminate turbidity to effectively disinfect the water you want to be drink. This adds extra costs for the treatment of surface water. Suspended particles also help the adhesion of heavy metals and many other toxic and pesticide organic compounds.

Turbidity is measured in nefelometric turbidity units, or Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (Section).

The instrument used for measure is the nefelometer or turbidimeter, which measures the intensity of the dispersed light at 90 degrees when a lightning light passes through a water sample.

The unit used in ancient times was the Jackson turbidity unit ( Jackson Turbidity Unit – JTU), measured with Jackson’s candle turbidimeter. This unit is no longer in standard use. In lakes turbidity is measured with a dry disk.

There are several methods to measure turbidity. The LFRWMP uses a transparency tube, which measures the depth to which a black and white cross -shaped pattern is visible at the bottom of a tube full of running water. Low transparency is highly correlated with high turbidity in streams. Another method available for turbidity measurement uses the amount of light transmitted through the sample, and reports the results in FAU, (Formazin Attenuation Units = Formin Attenuation Units). The most accurate turbidity measurements are made with a nefelometric turbidity meter. They report in turbidity meters in (Nephalometric Turbidity Units = Nefelometric turbidity units), and have a greater capacity to determine lower levels of turbidity.

For LFRWMP, transparency probe measurements must be reported in centimeters depth units (cm). A transparency of approximately 25 to 35 cm is equivalent to approximately 25 NTU. A transparency of> 60 cm is approximately equivalent to a turbidity of <10 NTU. A transparency of approximately 5 cm is approximately equivalent to a turbidity of approximately 200 to 300 NTU. A more detailed and robust relationship between turbidity and transparency for currents in the northeast of Wisconsin has not yet been developed.

A turbidity measurement can be used to provide an estimate of the TSS concentration (total suspended solids), which is another way a tedious and not easy to measure parameter. ^{[ first ]} ​

References [ To edit ]