Virus RNA Bicathenario – Wikipedia, the Encyclopedia Libre

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And Bicatenary Arn Arn Virus (abbreviated virus ARNbc O virus dsRNA In English) it is a virus that has as a genetic material of double chain RNA and is not replicated using intermediate DNA. They belong to Group III of the Baltimore classification. [ first ] ​ [ 2 ] Like most RNA viruses, they replicate in the cytoplasm and do not depend on the polymerases of the host cells as the DNA viruses do, as they include these enzymes in the virion.

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The viruses of this group infect (animals, plants, fungi, protists and bacteria), however the group is more predominant in fungi. It also includes satellite virus, viruses that depend on other viruses for replication. [ 3 ] ​

Multiplication [ To edit ]

These viruses include an RNA polymerase RNA in the Virion, which performs the transcription of the Bician RNA in MRNA.

Protein synthesis: ARNBC → ARNM → Proteins
Genome replication: ARNbc → ARNmc- → ARNbc
Enzymes: RNA polymerases contributed or encoded by the virus: ARNBC → RNM, RNABC → Arnmc+, RNMC+ → ArnBC

The multiplication of the virus includes the following stages:

Multiplication scheme of an ARNBC virus.
  1. Primary transcription of the two -closing RNA within the virion using the RNA polymerase dependent on viral RNA and release of the positive monocatenary RNA (which has the character of RNM) obtained in the cytoplasm. RNA polymerase is also a structural protein, since it is part of the capsid, so the virus is only replicated if the cell enters the capsida along with the viral genome.
  2. RNM translation, obtaining and accumulation of structural and regulatory viral proteins.
  3. Partial assembly of positive monocatenary RNA and viral proteins in immature virions.
  4. Transcription of positive monocatenary RNA to two -class RNA within the virions by the RNA polymerase dependent on viral RNA.
  5. Secondary transcript of the Bicatenary RNA.
  6. Final assembly and maturation of virions.

Genomas are usually segmented: they can be formed by a single segment ( Totiviridae ), of the ( Birnaviridae and Partitiviridae ), three ( Cystoviridae ) or more ( Reoviridae with 10-12 segments). Replication is usually monocistronics, which means that each of the segments encodes a single protein, unlike other viruses that exhibit a more complex translation. The genome size is between 4 and 27 kpb. A characteristic that distinguishes the Bician RNA viruses, independently from the family to which they belong, is its ability to carry out the transcription of the two -closing RNA segments under the appropriate conditions within the capsid. In all these viruses, the enzymes required for endogenous transcription are, therefore, part of the structure of the virion. [ 4 ] ​

They also vary in the number of genome segments (one a twelve) and in the organization of the virion (number T, capsid layers and spicules).

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By guests, examples of taxa that infect fungi are families Chrysoviridae , Quadriviridae , Hypoviridae , Megabirnaviridae , Curvulaviridae , in bacteria; Cystoviridae , Picobirnaviridae , in animals; Birnaviridae . Other taxa instead infect different guests by crusader, protists and fungi; Totiviridae , Polymycoviridae , Fusariviridae , plants and fungi; Fulfill , plants, protists, fungi and bacteria; Partitiviridae , animals, plants, fungi and protists; Reoviridae .

How to see families Reoviridae and Partitiviridae They are the most extensive and diverse in terms of the guest range. In the family Reoviridae The Rotavirus , the most common cause of gastroenteritis in young children worldwide, and the blue tongue virus, [ 5 ] ​ [ 6 ] A pathogen of cows and sheep of great economic importance.

In recent years, important advances in determination have been achieved, at atomic and subnometric levels, the structure of several key viral proteins and capsid in several two -closing RNA viruses. The similarities that many of these viruses in terms of their structure and replication processes are remarkable. Detailed knowledge of the fundamental aspects of the relationships between the structure and the functions of the virus, assembly of the virus particle, interactions virus-cell and viral pathogenesis will allow the development of new strategies and antiviral agents. [ 4 ] ​

Taxonomic classification [ To edit ]

The Taxonomic classification of the ICTV and complemented with other studies is as follows: [ 7 ] ​ [ 8 ] ​

See also [ To edit ]

References [ To edit ]

  1. ↑ “ICTVdb Index of Viruses: Virus Taxonomy, 8th Reports of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses: Listing in Taxonomic Order.” (Website). U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library for Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Consultado el 09-28-2007.
  2. ↑ N.J. Dimmock, A.J. Easton y K. Leppard, Introduction to Modern Virology , Ed. Wiley, 2006, ISBN 978-1-4051-3645-7
  3. ↑ Eugene Kooni, Valerian V Dolja (2014). A virocentric perspective on the evolution of life . Science Direct.
  4. ↑ a b Patton JT (editor). (2008). Segmented Double-stranded RNA Viruses: Structure and Molecular Biology . CARDER acdeic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-21-9 .
  5. ↑ Roy P (2008). «Molecular Dissection of Bluetongue Virus» . Animal Viruses: Molecular Biology . CARDER acdeic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-22-6 .
  6. ↑ Roy P (2008). «Structure and Function of Bluetongue Virus and its Proteins» . Segmented Double-stranded RNA Viruses: Structure and Molecular Biology . CARDER acdeic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-21-9 .
  7. ↑ «Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release» (html) . International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (in English) . October 2018 . Consulted on October 13, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Cryptic and abundant marine viruses at the evolutionary origins of Earth’s RNA virome . Science org.
  9. ↑ Priri. At the presence, chorcue, Churt, tubecent, posa, Agalea, laves, Chalo lame, and mlicka lames, Varans, Quadan , lames, tabɔ h-lame krada kank, Doubling of the known set of RNA viruses by metagenomic analysis of an aquatic virome . Nature.
  10. ↑ Suvi Sutela, Anna Poimala, Eeva J Vainio (2019). Viruses of fungi and oomycetes in the soil environment . Oxford Academic.

external links [ To edit ]

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