Jürgen Strope – Wikipedia

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Jürgen Stroop (Born September 26, 1895 in Detmold as Josef Stroop ; † March 6, 1952 in Warsaw) was a German SS group leader and lieutenant general of the police. At the end of the Second World War, he was sentenced and executed by a Polish court.

Josef Stroop, the son of a Lippische police chief chief, attended the elementary school in Detmold and then completed an apprenticeship at the cadastral office there. Until the beginning of the First World War, he worked as a cadastral assistant. As a war volunteer, he was released in 1918 as Vice -Feldewebel. He then worked again in the Detmold cadastral office until 1933. Stroop was married from 1923 and father of three children. [first]

National Socialism [ Edit | Edit the source text ]

In July 1932 he joined the SS (SS no. 44.611) and in September 1932 the NSDAP (member number 1.292.297). In the election campaign in 1932, Adolf Hitler, Heinrich Himmler and Hermann Göring became aware of Stroop, and in March 1933 he became the leader of the State Aid Police.
In March 1934, the SS Oberscharführer to the SS Haupsturmführer took place. He was then used in the SS administration in Münster and Hamburg. In the fall of 1938, the SS standard leader was promoted.

“Syrup message” (16. May 1943)

Second World War [ Edit | Edit the source text ]

After the robbery on Poland, Stroop was used as the commander of the SS section in gnees. After a transfer to the SS division Totenkopf, he did his job in the stage. On May 9, 1941, Stroop changed his first name “due to ideological attitude” and in memory of his late son of Josef zu Jürgen. [2]

Personally commissioned by Himmler, he was responsible for the suppression of the uprising in the Warsaw Ghetto (April 19 to May 16, 1943), as commander of the SS, Police and Wehrmacht units, by these “ghetto action”, later “Ghetto-Grosskaktion” or only called “large campaign”. About 600 members of the Jewish combat organization (Poln. Jewish combat organization, ŻOB) made about 2,000 of tanks and artillery supported SS and Wehrmacht soldiers and police forces for almost four weeks. Only a few fighter from the żob survived the massacre. The best known was Marek Edelman.

Triumphantly telegraphed stroop to his direct supervisor, the SS Obergruppenführer Friedrich-Wilhelm Krüger: “The former Jewish residential area of ​​Warsaw no longer exists.” [3]

17,000 Jews were murdered in the ghetto, another 7,000 brought to Treblinka and 42,000 to the Majdanek concentration camp near Lublin. Stroop, which was awarded for the management of the campaign with the Iron Cross 1st Class, documented his actions in the so -called Syrup message . This was created in three copies: One went directly to Himmler, one to Krüger, one kept Stroop. The report contains, among other things, copies of the telescopes of Stroops and photos taken during the fighting. “Numerous Jews who could not be counted were done in channels and bunkers through explosions. […] The longer the resistance lasted, the harder the men of the Waffen-SS, police and the Wehrmacht, who […] were always exemplary and exemplary. ” [4] After the end of the war, a copy was secured by American soldiers and later used as evidence in the Nuremberg trial against the main war criminals. Stroop did not contest the authenticity of the report, but tried to downplay its importance. [5] The report was declared world documents in 2017. [6]

As HSSPF, he moved to Greece in September 1943, where on October 7, 1943 he renewed the “registration obligation for all Jews living in the command area”. [7] On November 9, 1943, Hitler expressed his promotion to the SS group leader. [8] From November 1943 until the end of the war he worked in Wiesbaden as Hsspf “Rhein-Westmark”, where he was involved in aviation murders.

Stroop in front of the Polish court (1951)

After 1945 [ Edit | Edit the source text ]

US soldiers arrested Stroop on May 8, 1945. From an American military tribunal, he was processed on March 21, 1947 as part of the Dachau processes (US vs. Jürgen Stroop et al.) [9] sentenced to death for his participation in the murder of allied planes. [ten] However, the judgment confirmed in September 1947 was not enforced; Rather, Stroop was already in June 1947 [11] [twelfth] delivered to Poland. In Polish prison, he was locked up in a cell with the Polish freedom fighter of the Polish home army Kazimierz Moczarski, who later wrote down his memories of the conversations with Stroop.

On July 23, 1951, Stroop was sentenced to death by a court of the People’s Republic of Poland and executed in the Warsaw prison in Mokotów at around 7:00 p.m. on March 6, 1952.

For German-Israeli production You are free, Dr. Korczak From 1973, a highly respected representation of Janusz Korczak’s work and his dedication for the orphans entrusted to him to the gas chambers of Treblinka, Heinz Lieven was won over for the role of Jürgen Stroop.

The director Roman Polański presents in his film The pianist (2002), a filmmography about the Polish-Jewish pianist and Holocaust surviving Władysław Szpilman, who lived for a while in the Warsaw Ghetto and withdrawn in the hiding place there, created numerous recordings from the 1943 Syrup message according to detail. [13] [14]

In the US television film from 2002 Uprising – the uprising Stroop was played by Jon Voight about the uprising in the Warsaw Ghetto, who received an Emmy nomination for this.

Syrup message :

  • Document 1061-PS in IMT: The Nuremberg process. Band 26, document band 2.
    • Reprint: Imt: The Nuremberg trial against the main war criminals … , Photo Mechanical Reprint Munich 1989, Vol. 26 (Documents Vol. 2), Munich 1989, ISBN 3-7735-2521-4, pp. 629–694
    • Document VEJ 9/243 in: Klaus-Peter Friedrich (editor): The persecution and murder of European Jews by National Socialist Germany 1933-1945 (Source collection), Volume 9: Poland: Genalgouvernement August 1941–1945 , Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-486-71530-9, pp. 648–656 (without a list of the wounded and dead emergency services, without telex and photos)
    • Photos
    • As a single print, foreword Andrzej Wirth: Hermann Luchterhand, 1960, 1976, ISBN 3-472-61171-5.
  • Kazimierz Moczarski: Talks with the executioner. The life of the SS group leader and lieutenant general of the police Jürgen Stroop, recorded in the Mokotów prison in Warsaw. German translation by Margitta Weber. With the articles: Über Kazimierz Moczarski von Andrzej Szczypiorski und A very ordinary German By Erich Kuby. Droste, Düsseldorf 1978, ISBN 3-7700-0511-2, slightly revised new edition near Osburg, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-940731-12-8.
  • Joseph Wulf: The Third Reich and its executors. The liquidation of 500,000 Jews in the Ghetto Warsaw . Arani, Berlin 1961; Saur, Munich 1978, ISBN 3-598-04603-0; Fourier, Wiesbaden 1989, ISBN 3-925037-47-0; Changed reprints, Ullstein, Frankfurt 1984 & 2001, ISBN 3-548-33039-8.
  • Ruth Bettina Birn: The higher SS and police leaders. Himmler’s representative in the Reich and in the occupied areas. Droste, Düsseldorf 1986, ISBN 3-7700-0710-7.
  • Mark Mazight: Inside Hitler’s Greece. The Experience of Occupation 1941–1944 . Yale University Press, New Haven 1993, ISBN 0-300-08923-6.
  • Joachim Jahns: The Warsaw Ghetto King. Dingsda, Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-928498-99-9 (about his accomplice Franz Konrad).
  • Ziviah Lubetkin: The last days of the Warsaw Getto. [sic!] In: New selection. Year 3, Issue 1, 1948, pp. 1‒14; Again as a single print: VVN-Verlag, Berlin 1949 (first in English in Commentary , New York).
  • Christoph Hamann: The boy from the Warsaw Ghetto. The Stroop report and the globalized iconography of the Holocaust. In: Gerhard Paul: The century of pictures. Picture atlas . Band 1. 1900 to 1949 . V&R, Göttingen 2009, S. 614–623.
  • Michael Sauer: The picture of the little boy from the Stroop report. A photo icon in the history school book . In: History in science and lessons. Year 71, 2020, Issue 7/8, pp. 373–384.
  1. ↑ Ruth Bettina Birn: The higher SS and police leaders. Himmler’s representative in the Reich and in the occupied areas. Düsseldorf 1986, S. 347.
  2. ↑ Ernst Klee: The person lexicon to the Third Reich. Who was before and after 1945. Fischer Paperback, Frankfurt am Main 2005, ISBN 3-596-16048-0, p. 609.
  3. ↑ Daily report from May 16, 1943 ( Memento from July 12, 2011 in Internet Archive ) in the Syrup message .
  4. ↑ Syrup message, S. 9–10.
  5. ↑ See also: Stroops personal explanation, read out on April 12, 1946. In: The Nuremberg process. Document 3841/PS.
  6. ↑ Jürgen Stroop’s Report , UNESCO Memory of the World, accessed June 25, 2019.
  7. ↑ Duty of reporting for Jews in Greece. In:  The small folk leaf , October 8, 1943, p. 3 (online at Anno). Template: Anno/Maintenance/DKV
  8. ↑ Promotions and appointments. In:  New Wiener Tagblatt. Democratic organ / new Wiener Abendblatt. Evening edition of the (“) new Wiener Tagblatt (“) / New Wiener Tagblatt. Evening edition of the new Wiener Tagblattes / Wiener lunch edition with sports sheet / 6 o’clock evening sheet / new Wiener Tagblatt. New Free Press – New Viennese Journal / New Wiener Tagblatt , 9. November 1943, S. 5 (online beautiful year). Template: Anno/Maintenance/NWG
  9. ↑ 13 Ss. Officers sentenced to death. In:  World press. Independent news and voices from all over the world / world press , March 22, 1947, p. 10 (online at Anno). Template: Anno/Maintenance/DWP
  10. ↑ Stroop at Dachau Trials ( Memento from September 15, 2011 in Internet Archive ).
  11. ↑ Briefly registered. In:  Salzburger Nachrichten. Published by the American armed forces for the Austrian population / Salzburger Nachrichten. Independent democratic daily newspaper , June 3, 1947, p. 1 (online at Anno). Template: Anno/Maintenance/San
  12. ↑ Shortly:. In:  Austrian newspaper. Front newspaper for the population of Austria / Austrian newspaper. The Red Army newspaper for the population of Austria / Austrian newspaper. The Soviet Army newspaper for the population of Austria , June 14, 1947, p. 8 (online at Anno). Template: Anno/Maintenance/OEZ
  13. ↑ Arthur Engelbert: Global Images – a study on the practice of pictures. Transcript Verlag, Bielefeld 2014, ISBN 3-8394-1687-6, p. 55 ( Online preview ).
  14. ↑ Ebbrecht-Hartmann, Dr. Tobias: New DVD: You are free, Dr. Korczak (Federal Republic/Israel 1973) , on the website of Yad Vashem
  15. ↑ Insert/leaves to the URL: Strp001.jpg