[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/smyrne-fire-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/smyrne-fire-wikipedia\/","headline":"Smyrne fire – Wikipedia","name":"Smyrne fire – Wikipedia","description":"A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. Photo of the Smyrne fire, September 14, 1922. L\u2019 Smyrne fire , that the Greeks","datePublished":"2018-07-26","dateModified":"2018-07-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/Great_Fire_of_Smyrna.jpg\/220px-Great_Fire_of_Smyrna.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/d\/de\/Great_Fire_of_Smyrna.jpg\/220px-Great_Fire_of_Smyrna.jpg","height":"141","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/smyrne-fire-wikipedia\/","wordCount":1681,"articleBody":"A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i.  Photo of the Smyrne fire, September 14, 1922.  L\u2019 Smyrne fire , that the Greeks call the Smyrne disaster (in modern Greek: Disaster ), is an event of the Second Greco-Turkish war. It destroys most of the port city of Smyrne, today Izmir, in September 1922, and causes the deaths of several thousand Anatolian Christians. According to several eyewitnesses, the fire broke out in the Armenian district four days after the reconquest of Smyrne by the Turkish nationalists, the September 13, 1922 [ first ] . Fire, which ravages Christian districts but spares Jewish and Muslim districts [ 2 ] , is accompanied by massacres. In a week, the fire destroys almost the entire Christian district ( mansion ) and left there nearly 2,000 dead [ 3 ] . The origin of this fire is strongly disputed: the Greeks and the Armenians attribute responsibility to the Turkish looters, while the Turks accuse Christians of having engaged in a burnt earth policy to prevent their property from having to Muslims. But the testimonies, in particular that of George Horton, claim that the Armenian district was kept by the Turkish troops which prohibited free movement there [ 4 ] . The destruction of Christian districts hunting at their home 50,000 [ 5 ] at 400,000 [ 6 ] Other micrasiates, who must find refuge, under very hard conditions, on the coast for two weeks. It is indeed only on September 24 that ships of the Greek fleet were, partly thanks to the denunciations by the American consul Norton of international indifference in the face of what he describes as genocide, authorized to return to Smyrne. Until first is october These ships evacuate 180,000 people because in addition to the 50,000 Smyrniotes Christians, nearly 130,000 refugees from all over Ionia were also cornered. It is a prelude to the exchange of Muslim and Christian populations that took place between Turkey and Greece the following year, according to the provisions of the Lausanne Treaty (1923). In his work published in 1926, The Blight of Asia , Horton accuses the Turkish army of knowingly caused the destruction of Smyrne to make any return or compensation for refugees expelled. According to historians, between 10,000 [ 7 ] and 100,000 Greeks and Armenians have perished in these events [ 8 ] . \u2191 George Horton, The Blight of Asia: An Account of the Systematic Extermination of Christian Populations by Mohammedans and of the Culpability of Certain Great Powers; with the True Story of the Burning of Smyrna , Sterndale Classics and Taderon Press, Londres, 2003, p. 96.  \u2191 (in) Matthew Stewart , ‘ It Was All a Pleasant Business: The Historical Context of “On the Quai at Smyrna” \u00bb , The Hemingway Review , vol. 23, n O 1, first erJanuary 2003 , p. 58\u201371 (DOI\u00a0 10.1353\/hem.2004.0014)  \u2191 The New York Times: “Only Ruins Left In Smyrna” (September 16, 1922)  \u2191 Paul Dumont, Mustafa Kemal invents modern Turkey, 1919-1924 , Brussels 1983, p. 127, mentions the two possible versions as to the causes of the fire.  \u2191 Edward Hale Bierstadt, Helen Davidson Creighton, The great betrayal: a survey of the near East problem , R. M. McBride & company, 1924, p. 218.  \u2191 U.S. Red Cross Feeding, 400\u00a0000 Refugees, Japan Times and Mail , November 10, 1922.  \u2191 Mark Biondich, The Balkans: Revolution, War, and Political Violence Since 1878 , Oxford University Press, 2011, p. 92 [first]  \u2191 (in) Irving Louis Horowitz et Rudolph J. Rummel , Death by Government , Nouveau-Brunswick, Transaction Publishers, 1994 , 6 It is  ed. , 496 p. , few (ISBN\u00a0 978-1-56000-927-6 , LCCN 93021279, read online ) , \u00ab\u00a0Turkey’s Genocidal Purges\u00a0\u00bb , p. 233.  Giles Milton\u00a0: Lost Paradise: 1922, the destruction of Smyrne the tolerant , 2013, \u00c9d Libretto, (ISBN\u00a0 978-2752908810 ) , Henri probealin (you.), The end of Smyrne, from cosmopolitanism to nationalisms , ed. du CNRS, 2005, [2]  "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/smyrne-fire-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Smyrne fire – Wikipedia"}}]}]