[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/turkish-airlines-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/turkish-airlines-wikipedia\/","headline":"Turkish Airlines \u2014 Wikipedia","name":"Turkish Airlines \u2014 Wikipedia","description":"Turkish Airlines (In turkish Turkish Airlines Joint Stock Partnership , Code Aita: Tk ; Code ICAO: THY ) is the","datePublished":"2019-12-28","dateModified":"2019-12-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/29\/Airport_Nurnberg_DC-10_Turkish_Airlines.jpg\/220px-Airport_Nurnberg_DC-10_Turkish_Airlines.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/2\/29\/Airport_Nurnberg_DC-10_Turkish_Airlines.jpg\/220px-Airport_Nurnberg_DC-10_Turkish_Airlines.jpg","height":"136","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/turkish-airlines-wikipedia\/","wordCount":14836,"articleBody":"Turkish Airlines (In turkish Turkish Airlines Joint Stock Partnership , Code Aita: Tk ; Code ICAO: THY ) is the Turkish national airline, as well as the principal in the country. The company is part of Star Alliance. Its main activity is transporting passengers, freight as well as maintenance and maintenance of planes. Turkish Airlines has been elected best European airline since 2011, the best global company for catering on board in 2013 (by the Foodbeast site) and has one of the most recent fleets in the world with an average age of 6 -year -old devices [ 2 ] . It is also the airline that serves the largest number of countries in the world. It serves the main Turkish airports, as well as a very large number of foreign destinations. Its main correspondence platform is located at Istanbul airport with which it maintains many operating agreements. The capital of the company is mainly private, but the multifaceted support of the state is essential to it to progress [ 3 ] .   1933-1956 (Company Foundation) [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Turkish Airlines was born the May 20, 1933 in Ankara under the name of Airlines State Business Administration (Airway state administration) (law n O 2186). The company has at that time a fleet of two Kingbirds (2 x 5 seats), two Junkers F 13 (2 x 4 seats) and an Ant-9 tupolev (10 seats) [ 4 ] . The company belongs to the Ministry of Defense until 1935, when it went under the Ministry of Public Affairs. The five planes united had a capacity of 28 seats. In 1936, the fleet grew up and its capacity increased to 64 seats. [Ref. necessary] In 1938, the company adopted the name of State Airlines General Directorate (Directorate General of State Airways); From this date, it is managed by the Ministry of Transport. In 1945, the DC-3 was introduced into the fleet; It is with this plane that the first international flight ankara-isanbul-athenes was carried out in 1947. [Ref. necessary] [ 5 ] The first is May 1956 , the company officially takes the name of Turkish Airlines Joint Stock Partnership (Turkish airways S.A.). Turkish Airlines then had a capital of 60 million pounds. 1956-1984 [ modifier | Modifier and code ]  From 1956 to 1974, the company’s fleet enlarged by seeing in particular pass the Viscount Vickers, the DC-9, the DC-10, the Boeing 707 or the Boeing 727.  Boeing 707 approached Zurich in 1976. In 1974, the company experienced its most important accident, flight 981 Turkish Airlines, a DC-10, crashed in the forest of Ermenonville shortly after taking off from Paris-Orly airport, causing the death of its 346 occupants. The accident is due to a design defect on the part of McDonnell Douglas concerning the Locking system of the DC-10 sucking doors. This accident was considered at the time as the most important in aviation. Already affected by the accident at flight 981, the Turkish airline will then be the target of Armenian terrorism. From 1978 to 1983, nearly eight bomb attacks were sponsored against the offices of Turkish Airlines in different cities in Europe. The Orly attack, which took place the July 15, 1983 At Paris-Orly airport, was the deadliest with eight dead and 56 injured. In 1984, the company was considered to be state economic enterprise and its capital increased to 60 billion Turkish pounds. [Ref. necessary] 1989-2009 [ modifier | Modifier and code ] In 1989, Turkish Airlines founded, in cooperation with the Lufthansa, the airline SUNXPRESS in order to meet the growing demand for tourism in Turkey [ 6 ] . At the end of the 1990s, the company engaged a renewal policy: it signed a contract with Boeing for the purchase of 49 models 737-800 for medium-haul routes. The Airbus A340s will be favored for the long-haul trips of the company. In 2001, the World Trade Center attacks plunged the airline in a serious crisis: several airlines such as the Sabena, Swissair or Aom French Airlines were bankrupt. At the same time, Turkey is going through a great financial crisis: despite this, Turkish Airlines makes 8 million Turkish profits and transports more than ten million passengers. In 2003, after the crash of the flight 634 Turkish Airlines, an Avro RJ-100, in Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkish Airlines decided to modernize his fleet of short-coated aircraft by replacing his Avro RJ-100. The advantage of the Avro RJ-100 was that these planes could land on short length landing tracks. The purchase of new Airbus or Boeing type aircraft forced Anatolia airports to modernize. The Turkish Prime Minister at the time, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, passing through Berlin to promote the entry of his country into the European Union, at the same time signs a contract for the purchase of 36 Airbus: five Airbus 330- 200, 12 Airbus 321-200 and 19 Airbus 320-200.At the same time, 15 Boeing 737-800 join the company’s fleet [ 7 ] . In 2005, the company changed the external appearance of its planes. The word “Airlines”, of silver in color, is added under the patronym “Turkish”, and the tulip is incorporated as a pattern along the body of the plane. In 2008, the Anadolujet subsidiary was founded and the same year, Turkish Airlines became the 7 It is largest airline in Europe. In 2009, Turkish Airlines offered Kevin Costner’s services in an advertising advertising Feel like a star [ 8 ] And, the same year, the company became the 4 It is larger European airline.  2010-2019 [ modifier | Modifier and code ]  A321-200 in the colors of the Euroleague.  In 2010, the company became, for a period of three years, the official carrier of certain European football clubs, such as FC Barcelona [ 9 ] et Manchester United [ ten ] ; It is also the official carrier of the final oven of the Euroleague de Basketball for the year 2010, which takes place at the Palais Omnisports in Paris-Bercy [ 11 ] .In addition, the European Basketball Championship Euroleague is now called Turkish Airlines Euroleague, Turkish Airlines having become the main sponsor of the Euroleague. The company signs a contract with Airbus for the purchase of 20 Airbus [ twelfth ] (14 Airbus A321-200 and 6 Airbus A319-100); But also with the Boeing firm [ 13 ] , for the purchase of 10 Boeing 737-800 and 10 Boeing 737-900ER. The company also receives its first Boeing 777-300ERs. In 2011, Turkish Airlines was designated best European airline [ 14 ] . Turkish Airlines has opened 20 new lines from Istanbul airport and, since 2003, the Turkish company has increased the number of its passengers by 10% per year. The company changes the external appearance of its planes and receives its first two Boeing 737-900ERs. In 2012, Lionel Messi became the new Ambassador of Turkish Airlines and continued to be the best European airline [ 15 ] . The video of Lionel Messi with Kobe Bryant reaches 90 million views on YouTube two weeks after its publication on December 6 [ 16 ] . In 2013, Turkish Airlines placed a giant order in Airbus worth $ 9.3 billion at the catalog price, a purchase contract for 117 Airbus A320 family aircraft including 35 optional [ 17 ] (total capacity is 21,644 passengers) [ 18 ] .After a megaommand of 117 aircraft from Airbus, Turkish Airlines announced the purchase of 95 aircraft ($ 6.9 billion) in Boeing by 2021, 70 are the subject of a firm order while The rest is made up of options [ 19 ] .  B737-800 BVB Borussia Dortmund. In June 2013, Turkish Airlines became the best European company for the third time in a row (2011, 2012, 2013) [ 20 ] , the official transporter of OM and BVB Borussia Dortmund, and transports 48.3 million [ 21 ] passengers on 243 destinations.  In December 2013, the company changed slogan and became “Widen Your World” [ 22 ] . In 2014, 2015 and 2016, the company is still elected the best European company for the sixth consecutive time [ 23 ] . During Euro 2016, she is world sponsor [ 24 ] and thus becomes the first partner airline in UEFA [ 25 ] . As of August 2016, the company distributes the official collection telling, from the point of view of the authorities to its passengers, the attempted coup of July 2016 [ 3 ] . The company faces heavy losses in 2016, against the backdrop of an economic crisis in Turkey [ 3 ] . On March 16, 2017, the company responded to the movement of several world youtubers where personalities demanded a flight to transport food following the terrible famine in Somalia. It accepts and provides a cargo flight for March 27. A fundraising campaign is open to the Go Fund Me site the next day and the objective of a million dollars was barely 24 hours later, with 1.235.722 around 8:15 p.m. (March 18) [ 26 ] . Many stars of different backgrounds (sport, cinema, song) are mobilizing, like Lauren Jauregui, Wilson Chandler, Colin Kaepernick, Ben Stiller [ 26 ] . On the night of April 5 to 6, 2019, Turkish Airlines left its historic Atat\u00fcrk platform to settle in the new Istanbul airport.  Destinations Turkish Airlines. Turkish Airlines serves 303 destinations including 50 domestic destinations and 253 international in 108 countries.It is one of the airlines that provides flights to the most countries Codes [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Turkish Airlines   A330-300 Turkish Airlines.     In December 2021 , the following devices are in service within the Turkish Airlines fleet (excluded subsidiaries) [ 28 ] .    Long-haul [ modifier | Modifier and code ] The growth of the traffic at the ATAT\u00fcrk Airport Airport in Istanbul in Istanbul and the development prospects that accompany it, direct the company’s choices to long-haul aircraft with very long range of action . A flight is considered long-haul beyond five hours. The company’s first long-haul aircraft, namely Airbus A340-300, were bought in the mid-1990s. The company then acquired Airbus A330, then Boeing 777-300ER, three of which are rented to the company Indian Jet Airways.Delivery of these devices goes from 2014 to 2017 [ 29 ] . These planes will ultimately replace the Airbus A340-300, which are at the end of your useful life and less economical fuel than new generation devices. In 2015, Turkish Airlines had more than 60 long-haul aircraft. For cargo flights, the company operates ten Airbus A330-200F. The company plans to rent, or even buy, Airbus A380 [ 30 ] , [ thirty first ] , [ 32 ] . In September 2017, Turkish Airlines announced its intention to buy 40 Boeing 787-9 whose value is estimated at $ 10.8 billion US dollars at a catalog price [ 33 ] , [ 34 ] . On January 5, 2018, Turkish Airlines and Airbus signed an agreement for the sale of 20 Airbus A350-900 + 5 options [ 35 ] . Middle Currier fleet [ modifier | Modifier and code ]  Turkish Airlines Airbus A321 cockpit Karakas A flight is considered as a medium-haul when it does not exceed five hours. After having exploited Boeing 737 for a long time, including four Boeing 737-400s, 17.57 years old [ 36 ] , eight Boeing 737-700 of 3.01 years of average age [ 36 ] and 51 Boeing 737-800 6.44 years old [ 36 ] (ten others were ordered in 2010), the company signed a contract with Airbus for the purchase of four Airbus A319-100 (3.87 years of average age today [ 36 ] ), 22 Airbus A320-200 (2.99 years of average age today [ 36 ] ) and 21 Airbus A321-200 (3.8 years of average age today [ 36 ] ). Turkish Airlines placed an order in 2010 of twelve Airbus A319-100 and eight Airbus A321-200 to respond in particular to the growth of the airline in Turkey. Great cargo [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Turkish Cargo has ten Airbus A330-200F and Six Boeing 777F.  Evolution of the fleet [ modifier | Modifier and code ] 2003: 65 devices 2004: 70 devices 2006: 100 devices 2009: 127 devices 2010: 132 devices 2011: 154 devices 2012: 200 aircraft ( first is Boeing 737-900er added) 2013: 233 aircraft 2014: 263 aircraft 2015: 299 aircraft 2016: 300 devices Gallery [ modifier | Modifier and code ]   In 2009, Turkish Airlines transported more than 25 million passengers, which represents growth of 11.1% compared to the previous year and 80% compared to 2005, the date after which the Turkish company was privatized: Thirteen million have traveled on its international flights. This represents a growth of 16.1% compared to the 2008 financial year and almost 100% compared to 2005. These figures are related to the policy of globalization of the company which opens more and more to the international. In 2009, it was the European continent which, with more than 64%, is the company’s number one international destination; Next come the Middle East (15%), Far East (12%), Africa (6.4%) and North America (2.4%) and South America (0 , 3%). Eleven million have traveled on its interior flights. This represents growth of 5.7% compared to the 2008 financial year and almost 62% compared to 2005. These figures are related to the growth of the air sector in Turkey and the company’s desire to remain number in that sector. Turkish Airlines founded its own subsidiary, Anadolujet, in order to increase its supremacy in Turkey. In early 2009, the company had 134 medium and long-haul aircraft, which represents a capacity of 23,549 seats, an increase of 6% compared to 2008 and 64% compared to 2005. In 2009, 238,000 tonnes of freight freight, or growth of 20% compared to the previous year (better increase among the members of the Association of European Airlines). The company employs 12,750 people, an increase of 10.7% compared to 2008: Women represent 51.8% of staff. Almost 95% of staff have a long -term contract. More than half (57%) of the staff work on the ground. In 2011, more than 32 million passengers, thus becoming the 6 It is European company in number of passengers, behind Lufthansa, Ryanair, Air France-KLM, Easyjet and International Airline Group. In 2012, Turkish Airlines increased the number of its passengers to 38 million, and became a leader among the 10 best airlines in the world with regard to its growth rate of 32% of its share in the world market [ 37 ] . In 2013, the company transported 48.3 m of passengers on 243 destinations, an increase of 23.6% compared to the previous year. In 2014, Turkish Airlines transported 54.7 million passengers (+ 13.3%). Its filling rate reaches 78.9% [ 38 ] . Number of passengers [ modifier | Modifier and code ] The capital [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Since May 2006, the Turkish state no longer has only 49.2% of the capital of Turkish Airlines, the rest having been sold in the form of shares on the Turkish Stock Exchange IMKB. The IMKB broke points records in recent years, which could push the Turkish government to give in a little more from it. In 2009, the net profits of Turkish Airlines amounted to 280 million euros (down 51% compared to 2008), while operating profits amounted to 416 million euros. Turnover is up 15% to 3.5 billion euros and testifies to the good financial health of the Turkish company [ 40 ] . The company’s development strategy provides for the opening of new international lines. Turkish Airlines already has more than 120, and the objective of making Istanbul airport a correspondence platform between European countries and the Middle East or Africa. In 2009, the number of passengers in transit in Istanbul increased almost 40%. Istanbul-Atat\u00fcrk airport was therefore modernized, with a capacity to 60 million passengers [ 41 ] . Star Alliance [ modifier | Modifier and code ]  After creating the Cyprus Turkish Airlines daughter companies (1974-2010) and Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i Hava Ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131 (in) (1987-1987), the Turkish company signed in 1998, an agreement with certain European airlines among the largest to create the Alliance Qualiflyer Group. This alliance was defeated in 2001, following the release of Austrian Airlines and Swissair. Turkish Airlines has been a member of the Alliance Star Alliance since 2008. Its loyalty program is called “Miles & Smiles”. Customers can exchange their loyalty points for price discounts on their next flights, outcry and various other services on board. The advantages of this program are shared with the other programs of the member companies of Star Alliance. Fret [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Turkish Cargo corresponds to the freight activity of Turkish Airlines. Since 2009, Turkish Cargo has been a member of Cargo 2000 [ 42 ] , Suborganization of IATA which brings together airlines offering the best quality of freight operating services. Subsidiaries [ modifier | Modifier and code ] The current Turkish Airlines subsidiaries are: Maintenance [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Maintenance activity is marketed under the brand Turkish Technics . It is carried out at its main correspondence platform which is located at the Atat\u00fcrk airport in Istanbul. Turkish Airlines Flight Academy [ modifier | Modifier and code ]  In order to overcome the lack of pilot, the company decided in November 2004 to create its own driving school. In June 2006, 16 cadet pilots were trained. The training is carried out at Atat\u00fcrk airport in Istanbul as well as at \u00e7orlu airport. The fleet consists of 14 planes: Partnerships [ modifier | Modifier and code ]  Turkish Airlines is a member of Star Alliance, and many flights are operated in code sharing with these companies. Passenger services [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Meals on board are prepared by the caterer Do & Co (of) [ 43 ] For departures from T\u00fcrkiye. Since 1933, Turkish Airlines has experienced several serious accidents and incidents, of which here is a non -exhaustive list: The February 17, 1959 , crushing a viscount vickers in Gatwick (in) . Victors Viscount 793, registered TC-SEV, crashed during its landing in a thick fog at London-Gatwick airport. This flight transported former Turkish Prime Minister Adnan Menderes, who was among the ten survivors of the sixteen passengers and eight crew members. The plane, coming from Istanbul, sent a delegation from the Turkish government to discuss the situation in Cyprus with British, Greek and Cypriot representatives [ 44 ] , [ 45 ] . The September 23, 1961 , le vol 835 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , a Fokker F27 Friendship 100, registered TC-Tay, crashes near Ankara during its landing at Esenbo\u011fa airport. The four crew members and 24 of the 25 passengers died in the accident [ forty six ] . The 8 mars 1962 , crushing an F-27 in the Taurus mountains (in) . A FAIRCHILD F-27, registered TC-KOP, crashes on the Taurus mountains during its landing at Adana-Sakirpasa International Airport, killing the eight passengers and all members of the crew crew [ 47 ] . The February 3, 1964 , a Douglas C-47A, registered TC-ETI, making an inner cargo flight, crashed when approaching Esenbo\u011fa airport. The three crew members on board were killed [ 48 ] . The February 2, 1969 , a Viscount Vickers, registered TC-SET, hit an electric pylon and crashes when it landed at Esnbo\u011fa airport, without making injuries [ 49 ] . The September 16, 1969 , A Viscount vickers, registered TC-SEC, is diverted by two passengers shortly after takeoff, when he made the connection between Istanbul-Atat\u00fcrk airport and Esenbo\u011fa airport. The device arises in Sofia, in Bulgaria, without making victims [ 50 ] . The January 26, 1974 , le vol 301 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , a Fokker F28 Fellowship 1000, registered TC-JAO, crashes shortly after taking off in Istanbul. The device, which took the direction of Izmir, has disintegrated when it is impacting on the ground, causing the death of four of the five crew members and 62 of the 68 passengers. The accident is probably due to the accumulation of ice on the wings [ 51 ] . The 3 mars 1974 , Flight 981 Turkish Airlines, a DC-10, registered TC-JAV, crashed in the forest of Ermenonville a few moments after taking off from Paris-Orly airport, killing 346 people on board. This accident is the deadliest that the company has never known [ 52 ] . The January 30, 1975 , le vol 345 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , a Fokker F28 Fellowship 1000, registered TC-JAP, crashed in the Marmara Sea during its landing at Ye\u015filk\u00f6y airport. The 38 passengers and the 4 crew members die in the accident [ 53 ] . The September 19, 1976 , le Vol 452 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , a Boeing 727-2F2, registered TC-JBH, crashes on the Karatepe mountains near ISPARTA. The plane, which took off from Istanbul-Atat\u00fcrk airport, was in the direction of Antalya airport. The pilot confused the lighting of a road from Isparta with the markup of the landing track of Antalya airport. The eight crew members and the 146 people on board die during the accident [ 54 ] . The December 23, 1979 , crushing an F28 in Ankara (in) . A FOKKER F28 Fellowship 1000, registered TC-JAT, connecting Samsun to Esenbo\u011fa airport, Ankara, crashes during its landing at 32 km of the airport. Three of the four crew members and 38 of the 41 passengers perish during the accident [ 55 ] . The January 16, 1983 , le vol 158 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , a Boeing 727-2F2, registered TC-JBR, crashes in snowy time at 50 m Tracks from Esenbo\u011fa airport. The accident caused the death of 47 passengers out of 60, and none of the crew members [ 56 ] . The December 29, 1994 , le vol 278 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , a Boeing 737-4Y0, registered TC-Jes, crashes in snowy weather during its landing at Ferit Melen airport in Van. Five of the seven crew members and 52 of the 69 passengers perish in the accident [ 57 ] . The April 7, 1999 , le Vol 5904 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , a Boeing 737-4Q8, registered TC-JEP, crashes near Ceyhan eight after its takeoff from Adana-Sakirpasa International Airport. The plane did not transport any passenger. The six crew members perished in the accident [ 58 ] . The January 8, 2003 , the flight 634 Turkish Airlines, an Avro RJ-100, registered TC-Thg, crashed when approaching Diyarbak\u0131r airport, killing 75 of the 80 passengers and crew members [ 59 ] , [ 60 ] . The February 25, 2009 , the flight 1951 Turkish Airlines. A Boeing 737-800, registered TC-JGE, crashes when approaching at Amsterdam-Schiphol airport. During the impact, the device breaks in three parts. The accident was caused by an altimeter problem leading to a dropout, a situation that the crew has misused and did not manage correctly. The accident will cause the death of 9 of the 135 occupants [ sixty one ] , [ 62 ] , [ 63 ] . The April 25, 2015 , le vol 1878 Turkish Airlines\u00a0 (in) , an Airbus A320, coming from Milan Malpensa Airport, produced a very hard posed first at Istanbul-Atat\u00fcrk airport, where the right wing and its engine hit the track. The device makes a gas delivery, during which a fire declares itself on the right reactor. After 20 minutes of flight, the device performs a second approach and an emergency landing. Following the collapse of the right train, the Airbus A320 leaves the track and stops after a 180 degree turn. No victim is to be deplored in the accident [ sixty four ] , [ 65 ] . The January 16, 2017 , Flight 6491 Turkish Airlines, a 747-400F cargo operated by the Act Airlines company (in) , crashed in a village near Manas Airport (Kyrgyzstan). The device provided a flight between Hong Kong airport and Istanbul-Atat\u00fcrk airport, with stopover at Manas airport. At least 32 people were killed in the accident [ 66 ] . \u2191 ‘ Ahmet Bolat became Chairman of THY \u00bb , on spokesman , January 27, 2022 (consulted the January 28, 2022 )  \u2191 (in)  [first]  \u2191 A B and C Doroth\u00e9e Schmid, Turkey in 100 questions , Text, 2018 , p. 214  \u2191 (fr)  History of the company Turkish Airlines, bdv.fr  \u2191 St\u00e9phane de Tapia, ” The Turkish Route des Balkans, main route and variants from the 1950s to the present day \u00bb, Journal , n O 96, winter 1998 , p. 431-449 (JSTOR\u00a0 45345154 , read online  [PDF] )  \u2191 (in)  Company profile\u00a0: SunExpress has been your Turkey specialist since 20 years  \u2191 Odile Benyahia-Kouider, ‘ The shadow of Turkey hovers in Berlin \u00bb , on Liberation.fr , October 27, 2004 (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 (fr)  Kevin Costner plays stars for Turkish Airlines  \u2191 (in)  ‘ FC Barcelona Official website \u00bb .  \u2191 (in)  ‘ Manchester United Official website \u00bb .  \u2191 ‘ Intersport and Turkish Airlines to sponsor the Euroleague Final Four – Paperblog \u00bb , on Paperblog , April 28, 2010 (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 Fran\u00e7ois Duclos, ‘ Turkish Airlines will confirm 30 A321neo and 737 Max 8 \u00bb , on Air Journal , November 30, 2015 (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191  (fr)  Turkish Airlines place an important command  \u2191 (fr)  [2]  \u2191 (in)  ‘ Messi becomes \u2018brand ambassador\u2019 for Turkish Airlines \u00bb , on H\u00fcrriyet Daily News  (consulted the December 19, 2017 )  \u2191 (En-Eu) Eric Pincus , ‘ Bryant-Messi Turkish Airlines ad hits 90 million views on YouTube \u00bb , Los Angeles Times , December 24, 2012 (ISSN\u00a0 0458-3035 , read online , consulted the December 19, 2017 )  \u2191 (fr) https:\/\/www.lemonde.fr\/economie\/ARTICLE 2013\/03\/15\/turkish-airlines-passe-une-commande-geeante-a-airbus_1849259_3234.html Giant Airbus command  \u2191 {tr} http:\/\/www.yenimesaj.com.tr\/?hababer,661815\/thyden-rekor-ucak-siparisi Total capacity of the aircraft ordered (117 planes).  \u2191 http:\/\/www.usinenouvelle.com\/article\/apres-airbus-turkish-airlines-signe-une-mega-commande-Evec-boeing.n19479888 95 Boeing command  \u2191 {fr} http:\/\/www.trtfrancais.com\/fr\/informations\/detail\/turquie\/1\/turkish-airlines-meilleure-compagnie-deurope-\/86555555555555555555555555  \u2191 ‘ Turkish Airlines: passenger traffic up 23.6% \u00bb , on Air Journal  (consulted the July 31, 2020 ) .  \u2191 ‘ Turkish unveils its new video of the Kobe vs Messi duel \u00bb , on Air Journal  (consulted the July 31, 2020 ) .  \u2191 ‘ Thy, “Best European airline” \u00bb , on aa.com.tr , July 12, 2016 (consulted the July 15, 2016 )  \u2191 ‘ Turkish Airlines becomes global sponsor of Euro 2016 \u00bb , on Lequipe.fr , December 10, 2015 (consulted the July 15, 2016 )  \u2191 ‘ Turkish Airlines, first a airline partner in Euro 2016 \u00bb , on Franceinfo.fr , June 12, 2016 (consulted the July 15, 2016 )  \u2191 a et b (En-Eu)  ‘ Click here to support LOVE ARMY FOR SOMALIA by J\u00e9r\u00f4me Jarre \u00bb , on gofundme.com  (consulted the 18 mars 2017 )  \u2191 ‘ Turkish Airlines and Air Algeria share their codes | Air journal \u00bb , on www.air-Journal.fr  (consulted the December 4, 2016 )  \u2191 (in)  ‘ Please refresh this page \u00bb , on Planespotters.net  (consulted the April 12, 2023 ) .  \u2191 Fran\u00e7ois Duclos, ‘ Boston et Boeing 777-300ER pour Turkish Airlines \u00bb , on Air Journal , July 23, 2013 (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 Fran\u00e7ois Duclos, ‘ Turkish Airlines: Airbus A380, Boeing 787? \u00bb , on Air Journal , February 28, 2014 (consulted the June 26, 2016 )  \u2191 Fran\u00e7ois Duclos, ‘ Ten Airbus A380 for Turkish Airlines? \u00bb , on Air Journal , January 27, 2015 (consulted the June 26, 2016 )  \u2191 (in) Deena Kamel, ‘ Turkish Air Revives A380 Plan With Malaysia Jets Back on Agenda \u00bb , on Bloomberg News , April 26, 2016 (consulted the June 26, 2016 )  \u2191 ‘ Boeing: Turkish Airlines veut 40 Dreamliners \u00bb , on www.lefigaro.fr , September 22, 2017  \u2191 (in)  ‘ Boeing, Turkish Industry Establish Aerospace Initiative \u00bb [“Boeing and Turkish Airlines set up an initiative for aeronautics”] on www.boeing.medeaM.com , September 21, 2017  \u2191 ‘ Turkish Airlines Sign with Airbus \u00bb, Tourmag.com , January 8, 2018 ( read online , consulted the January 8, 2018 )  \u2191 a b c d e and f have May 9, 2010.  \u2191 http:\/\/www.trt.net.tr\/trtworld\/en\/newdetail.aspx?hababkodu=40778fa9-46d9-44f1-9c39-A4141C22831F  \u2191 ‘ THY increased the number of passengers in 2014 \u00bb  (consulted the April 27, 2015 )  \u2191 (Tr) http:\/\/www.yenimesaj.com.tr\/?hababer,661815\/thyden-rekor-ucak-siparisi 39 m passenger transport in 2012  \u2191 (fr)  Turkish Airlines wants to become the third European airline  \u2191 (fr)  L\u2019exception Turkish Airlines  \u2191 (in)  Cargo 2000 members  \u2191 ‘ Turkish Airlines business flight test, Paris-isanbul \u00bb , on www.businesstravel.fr , October 20, 2009 (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 (in)  Report on the Accident to Vickers Viscount 793 TC-SEV at London (Gatwick) Airport on 17th February, 1959  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident of the Vickers Viscount apparatus which occurred on February 17, 1959 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the Flight 835 accident on September 23, 1961 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident of the F-27 device which occurred on March 8, 1962 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident of the Douglas C-47A apparatus which occurred on February 3, 1964 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident of the Vickers Viscount device which occurred on February 2, 1969 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the diversion of the Vickers Viscount apparatus which occurred on September 16, 1969 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 26, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the Flight 301 accident occurred on January 26, 1974 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the 981 flight accident on March 3, 1974 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the flight accident 345 occurred on January 30, 1975 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the Flight 452 accident on September 19, 1976 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident of the Fokker F28 device on December 23, 1979 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the Flight 158 \u200b\u200baccident on January 16, 1983 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident at Flight 278 occurred on December 29, 1994 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident of flight 5904 which occurred on April 7, 1999 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 ‘ 1001 crash – Analysis and photos of air accidents – Turkish Airlines – Diyarbakir, Turkey – Avro RJ100 \u00bb , on www.1001Crash.com  (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident at flight 634 occurred on January 8, 2003 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 Emilie’s killing, ‘ The final report of the Turkish Airlines accident in Schiphol is published \u00bb , on www.journal-aviation.com , May 6, 2010 (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 (in)  ‘ Altimeter ‘had role’ in air crash \u00bb , BBC , 4 mars 2009 ( read online , consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 (in)  Description of the 1951 flight accident on February 25, 2009 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 Jo\u00ebl Ricci, ‘ Perilous landing for a Turkish Airlines A320 with a fire reactor (video) \u00bb , on Air Journal , April 25, 2015 (consulted the December 5, 2015 )  \u2191 (in)  Description of the accident of theft 1878 which occurred on April 25, 2015 on Aviation Safety Network  (accessed June 25, 2016) .  \u2191 J\u00e9r\u00f4me Renaud, ” Turkish Airlines: A Boeing 747 F crashed in Kyrgyzstan, at least 32 dead \u00bb, Air Info , January 16, 2017 ( read online )  On other Wikimedia projects:  "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/turkish-airlines-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Turkish Airlines \u2014 Wikipedia"}}]}]