[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/pulse-tinctoria-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/pulse-tinctoria-wikipedia\/","headline":"Pulse tinctoria – Wikipedia","name":"Pulse tinctoria – Wikipedia","description":"Pulse tinctoria , the revival of dyers (or persianuire to indigo ) is a flower plant of the polygonaceae family,","datePublished":"2020-10-26","dateModified":"2020-10-26","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/aa\/Traditional_natural_dyeing_%28Korean_blue%29_2.jpg\/220px-Traditional_natural_dyeing_%28Korean_blue%29_2.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/a\/aa\/Traditional_natural_dyeing_%28Korean_blue%29_2.jpg\/220px-Traditional_natural_dyeing_%28Korean_blue%29_2.jpg","height":"146","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/pulse-tinctoria-wikipedia\/","wordCount":4403,"articleBody":"Pulse tinctoria , the revival of dyers (or persianuire to indigo ) is a flower plant of the polygonaceae family, native to East Asia, whose leaves are used for the preparation of indigo dye.   This tinior plant from China, was first brought to the attention of Europeans by Jesuit missionaries in the Edifying and curious letters [ 2 ] , then later by Lord Macartney in his famous China Embassy of 1792-1793. She received her first botanical description [ 3 ] in 1789, under the name of Polygon tinctorium , by William Aiton, a British botanist who worked at Kew’s gardens. The plant was then reclassified in 1841, in the genre Petrorhagia by \u00c9douard Spach, a botanist from the National Museum of Natural History and thus became Pulse tinctoria [ first ] . The generic name Petrorhagia Drift from the Latin fishing name Prunus persica Due to a certain resemblance of the leaves. The specific epithet tinctoria comes from Latin tinctorius “Something at Tender, toy” Pulse tinctoria is an annual herbaceous plant from 50 to 80 cm from above. The stem is firm, erected, reddish, generally very rowing [ 4 ] , [ 5 ] . The leaf, carried by a short petiole of 5 to 10 mm , has a green limb, turning blue-green while drying, oval with largely elliptical, from 3-8 x 2-4 cm, based on cuneiform .The foliar sheath (or ochr\u00e9a) is tubular, membranous, covered with an appressed pubescence, with truncated and long -ciliated apex. The inflorescence is terminal or axillary, in dense epis, from 2 to 5 cm Long, carrying green, ciliated bracts, with 3 to 5 flowers. The flower has a perianthe of a bright pink, 5 oval tepals, 3 mm, 6 stamed, 3 styles, stupid at the base.Flowering takes place from June to September. The fruit is an Ak\u00e8ne, shiny, included in the persistent, brown perianthe. Pulse tinctoria is from East Asia and Southeast Asia. This persicier is widely used in China (where his Chinese name is li\u01ceol\u00e1n \u84fc\u84dd). It was imported from southern China in Japan to the WE It is century (where its Japanese name is Who \u30a2\u30a4). The Japanese, in particular, are called Sukumo and are very popular with dyers [ 6 ] . It was abundantly cultivated in China, Japan, Korea, Russia, Vietnam, until XIX It is century for the production of indigo. It is always cultivated in Japan for dyeing traditional clothes [ 7 ] . The leaves of Pulse tinctoria Do not contain the indigo pigment directly transposable into the dye bath but only precursors of it which will be transformed into a colorful pigment by post-harvest treatment. The leaves accumulate large quantities of a colorless glucoside, called “Indican”, namely \u03b2-d-glucoside indoxyl. But just put the leaves to macerate, to extract the indican and the hydrolysis in indoxyl and glucose [ n 1 ] . In the presence of air oxygen, indoxyl is dimmed in the indigo coloring pigment (strictly speaking in indigotine, because the term indigo To four different meanings [ n 2 ] ). The Indican present in the leaves, increases during the vegetative period until flowering and it is positively affected by the light radiation promoting photosynthesis [ 8 ] . The plant also contains bioactive compounds with medicinal potential. Hoe et als [ 9 ] found in the leaves (green or brown) and in the seeds, polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols and tannins.  Traditional Korean dye The revival of dyers is the tinior plant in Indigo, native of China [ ten ] . It was widely cultivated in the center and the south, before and after the introduction of the indigotier ( Indigo tinctoteria ) During the Tang dynasty (618 – 907). It was cultivated on sandy soils, for its tinior and medicinal properties. It is a plant that fears frosts, requires water during a vegetative period and whose indigo production is favored by heat. The warm and humid climate of tropical and subtropical regions therefore suits him perfectly. To extract indigo, we started by putting the freshly picked leaves to soak in water until fermentation reaches a critical point. We then filmed then we added extinct lime. We wave vigorously to incorporate oxygen. The precipitate was collected and sold as it is for dyers. Indigo extracted from the revival of dyers has been used for centuries in China. Basic indications for the extraction of indigo is in a work of agriculture, the Qi min yao shu \u9f50\u6c11 \u8981\u672f dating from the WE It is century then in the encyclopedia of XVII It is century, the Tiangong kaiwu \u5929\u5de5 \u958b\u7269Where is indicated that you have to put the leaves to macerate in the water for eight days, then add lime and beat the liquid with a stick. Indigo dye is often associated with the tradition of ethnic groups in southern China [ 11 ] Like the Miao, Yao, Bai, Yi and Dong, and other populations of Yunnan and Guizhou. In Dongs [ twelfth ] , the name named ding ( jinh in Dong language) is extracted either from Pulse tinctoria either Strobilanthes cusia (Acanthaceae). It gives a dark blue which was appreciated by the hunters who wanted not to be seen from the game. After its introduction to Japan, the culture of the revival of dyers spread throughout the country where it became the main cultivated cultivated plant [ 13 ] . It was found in all the villages to supply the local dyer. Some districts like Tokushima, made it a commercial culture. The revival of the dyers was also widely cultivated in Korea and Vietnam. It can also be cultivated in France, Italy and Central Europe [ 7 ] as well as in colder climatic areas (such as Poland) while giving an indigo concentration similar to that obtained in China [ 14 ] . A study conducted for three years in Germany [ 7 ] it concludes that Pulse tinctoria was the most appropriate indigo shot in Indigo to Central Europe. The plant has a similar production of leaves (2-5 Tons\/ha ) that pastel but contains 3 to 5 times more indigo (on average 1.4% of dry weight). In 2002 and 2003, the production of indigo of Renou\u00e9e varied from 50 to 168 kg\/ha in two annual cups, while that of pastel Isatis tinctoria went from 10 to 65 kg\/ha, in three annual cuts. Natural indigo can be extracted from various plants: Indigotier ( Indigo tinctoteria ), pastel ( Isatis tinctoria ), Pulse tinctoria , Philnoptera cyanescens (= Lonchocarpus cyanescens ),  etc. Indigotier’s industrial culture in the colonies of America and India Ruina from the XVII It is century, European pastel culture. Then the discovery of a chemical synthesis technique of indigo, by the chemist Adolf von Bayer at the end of XIX It is century Ruina all the crops of Indigo Vegetal. It has been established that the revival of dyers ( Pulse tinctoria ) had antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic properties [ 15 ] . Pulse tinctoria is a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. Functions [ n 3 ] are “cooling” (rid the body and blood of heat) “detoxify”. She was mainly used to treat mumps [ twelfth ] , edema and relieve itching. \u2191 a et b (in) Reference Rope : Pulse tinctoria   \u2191 Nicolas Joly , Studies on indigofer plants in general and particularly on the polygonum tinctorium , Bulletin of the Agricultural Society of the H\u00e9rault Department, 1839  \u2191 Garden Kewensis  \u2191 Natural history of plants, Spach  \u2191 (in) Reference Flora of China : Polygonum tinctorium automatically    \u2191 (in)  ‘ Sukumo indigo (Made in Japan) \u00bb , on Aikuma Dyes Japan  (consulted the February 21, 2023 )  \u2191 A B and C (in) Thomas Bechtold et Rita Mussak, Handbook of Natural Colorants , Chichester, U.K., Wiley, 2009 , 434 p.  (ISBN\u00a0 978-0-470-74496-3 , read online )  \u2191 Luciana G Angelini \u00ab A new HPLC-ELSD method to quantify indican in Polygonum tinctorium L. and to evaluate beta-glucosidase hydrolysis of indican for indigo production \u00bb, Biotechnology progress , vol. 19, n O 6, December 2003 , p. 1792\u20131797 (ISSN\u00a0 8756-7938 , PMID\u00a0 14656158 , DOI\u00a0 10.1021\/BP0300218 )  \u2191 Buk-GU Pig \u00ab Partial characterization of indigo (Polygonum tinctorium Ait.) plant seeds and leaves \u00bb, Industrial Crops and Products , vol. 42, mars 2013 , p. 429\u2013439 (ISSN\u00a0 0926-6690 , DOI\u00a0 10.1016\/j.indcrop.2012.06.029 , read online , consulted the May 31, 2014 )  \u2191 (in) Joseph Needham , Science and Civilisation in China\u00a0: Volume 6, Biology and Biological Technology, Part 3, Agro-Industries and Forestry , Cambridge University Press, June 20, 1996 , 770 p.  (ISBN\u00a0 978-0-521-41999-4 , read online )  \u2191 (in) Dorothy Perkins , Encyclopedia of China\u00a0: History and Culture , Routledge, November 19, 2013 , 684 p.  (ISBN\u00a0 978-1-135-93569-6 , read online )  \u2191 a et b Yujing Liu \u00ab Ethnobotany of dye plants in Dong communities of China \u00bb, Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine , vol. 10, February 19, 2014 , p. 23 (ISSN\u00a0 1746-4269 , PMID\u00a0 24552267 , PMCID\u00a0 PMC3998736 , DOI\u00a0 10.1186\/1746-4269-10-23 , read online )  \u2191 (in) Jenny Balfour-Paul , Indigo\u00a0: Egyptian Mummies to Blue Jeans , Richmond Hill, Ont., Firefly Books, September 22, 2011 , 264 p.  (ISBN\u00a0 978-1-55407-989-6 )  \u2191 Virginia Kuku\u0142a-Koch \u00ab Optimization of temperature affected extraction of indigo dye in the leaf extracts of Polygonum tinctorium Ait. cultivated in Poland–preliminary studies \u00bb, Acta Pharmaceutica , vol. 70, n O 3, June 2013 , p. 579\u2013583 (ISSN\u00a0 0001-6837 , PMID\u00a0 23757950 )  \u2191 Kyung-Su Needle \u00ab Assessment of Indigo (Polygonum tinctorium Ait.) water extracts\u2019 bioactive compounds, and their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities \u00bb, LWT – Food Science and Technology , vol. forty six, n O 2, May 2012 , p. 500\u2013510 (ISSN\u00a0 0023-6438 , DOI\u00a0 10.1016 \/ J.LWT.2011.11.017 , read online , consulted the May 31, 2014 )   "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/pulse-tinctoria-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Pulse tinctoria – Wikipedia"}}]}]