[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/black-arrow-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/black-arrow-wikipedia\/","headline":"Black Arrow – Wikipedia","name":"Black Arrow – Wikipedia","description":"A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. Black Arrow Model exhibited in Woomera in Australia. General data Native country United Kingdom Premier","datePublished":"2021-06-02","dateModified":"2021-06-02","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b8\/Black_Arrow.jpg\/280px-Black_Arrow.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/b\/b8\/Black_Arrow.jpg\/280px-Black_Arrow.jpg","height":"420","width":"280"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/black-arrow-wikipedia\/","wordCount":1598,"articleBody":"A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. Black Arrow  Model exhibited in Woomera in Australia. General data Native country United Kingdom Premier vol June 27, 1969 Last flight October 28, 1971 Successful launches 2 Failed launches 2 Height 13 m  Diameter 2 m  Take -off mass 18 130 kg  Floor (s) 3 modifier  Black Arrow , also nicknamed ” The Lipstick Rocket \u00bb( A bit. “The lipstick rocket”) because of its very particular appearance, is a British launcher developed in the 1960s and which was used four times between 1969 and 1971. Only the last shot, responsible for placing the satellite in orbit Prospero X-3 scientist, was a success. This launch constitutes the only orbit of a satellite of the United Kingdom produced by a national manufacturing rocket. The development of the launcher will be stopped after the fourth shot for the benefit of the American scout launcher deemed less expensive by the British government at the time.   The construction of the launcher Black Arrow is carried out at the initiative of Royal Aircraft Establishment : This one offers to build a launcher capable of placing a charge of 144 kg In low orbit in order to develop the techniques necessary to send heavier vessels. In the fall of 1964, the program received the green light from the Minister of Conservative aviation Julian Amery but following the elections in October of the same year who carried Labor in power, the project was frozen within the framework of a expense reduction program. After new elections, the government agrees with several amendments, including the reduction in the number of 15 to three test shots. Most of the techniques and systems used on the launcher Black Arrow had been developed on the rocket Black Knight and the cruise missile Blue Steel . The new launcher is designed to reuse the already mastered techniques to reduce costs and simplify the development process. Program teams Black Knight were largely transferred to the launcher’s program. The first developments are carried out by the company Saunders-Roe which merges with Westland Aircraft in 1964. Westland became in this context the industrial leader of the project and assembled the first two floors to East Cowes on the island of Wight. Bristol Siddeley (in) Built the engines of the first and second floors in its Asty factory in Warwickshire. Bristol Aerojet (in) produces the third floor in Somerset. I The last flight of the rocket was the first and the only orbital launch successful by the United Kingdom and placed the Prospero satellite in low orbit [ first ] . The program is abandoned after only four launches which have all taken place from the prohibited area of \u200b\u200bWoomera in Australia in favor of the use of American rockets Scout, after the British Ministry of Defense has calculated as being less expensive than the maintenance of the program Black Arrow [ 2 ] .  Black Arrow is a rocket of 13 m High weighing 18.1 t , capable of launching 135 kg In low orbit. It has three floors. The first, with a length of 5.9 m For a diameter of 2 m , weighs 14,1 t . It operates for 125 seconds, powered by a gamma 8-8-eight-combustion engine and eight nozzles. Its push is between 218 kN and 251 kN . The engines are mounted by pairs on cardanals at an axis, with two pairs oriented perpendicular to the other two so as to ensure a vector thrust on the three axes of roll, pitch and lace. The second floor, with a height of 3.55 m For a diameter of 1.37 m , weighs 3.5 t . The engine is the same as that of the first floor but with only two combustion bedrooms and two nozzles of a total thrust of 68 kN , climbed jointly on cardan two axes. The first two floors burn a hypergolic mixture of kerosene and hydrogen peroxide with high concentration. The third floor weighs 500 kg For a diameter of 71 cm and a height of 1.3 meters. It is equipped with a Waxwing solid propulsion engine (in) a thrust of 21 kN For 30 seconds, on after the floor was put into rapid rotation (180 rpm). Source [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Related articles [ modifier | Modifier and code ] external links [ modifier | Modifier and code ]   "},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/black-arrow-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Black Arrow – Wikipedia"}}]}]