Catherine Abcossova — Wikipedia
A wikipedia article, free l’encyclopéi.
Mother Catherine Abikossova , born Anne Ivanovna Abrikosoff [ first ] , (in Russian : Anna Ivanovna Abrikosova ), in Mother Catherine of Siena religion (in Russian: Ekaterina Sienskaya ), born and dead the ), is a Russian nun converted to Catholicism which founded in 1912 with a group of several Russian women received in the Russian Greek-Catholic Church, a community of regular Russian Russian Rite Tertiaries. The seventeen sisters offered themselves as an atonement for Russia and were then arrested and mostly sent to Siberia. They pursued their apostolate at the labor camp and were shot after the death of Mother Catherine.
She was born in a famous family of wealthy merchants in 1882, the Abikossov family, and became an orphan [ 2 ] . She is raised with her brothers by her uncle Nicolas Alexéïevitch Abrikossov. She went to high school in Moscow and obtained a gold medal in 1899. In 1903, in 1903, the diploma of the University of Girton College (Cambridge), (History studies) and married her cousin Vladimirovitch Abrikossov. During the years 1910-1905, they traveled to France, Italy and Switzerland. She discovers Catholicism and reads the writings of Catherine de Siena. She converted to Catholicism in 1907 and her husband in 1908.
She and her husband are received in the Catholic Church , in Paris. In 1910, his house in Moscow became a meeting and friendship center for Russian Catholics. It organizes religious meetings with the participation of intellectuals. The two spouses take care of poor children in various educational establishments. In 1903, they entered the Dominican Third Order of Russian Catholic Byzantine, after having pronounced wishes; They meet Pope Pie X in private audience: they will have to follow the eastern rite. Vladimir becomes a priest then bishop, in the third party. Back in Moscow, she organizes the female community. Officially, the group of sisters of the Third Order took shape in 1917. Anna Abikossov (now sister Marie-Catherine de Siena, then Mother Catherine), became the superior of a group made up of five women. In 1917, Mother Catherine made a vow of chastity, and her husband Vladimir was then sacred bishop by the metropolitis Andreï Septicky. In their apartment, a life of prayer is organized, as well as a parish of Byzantine rite dedicated to Notre-Dame-de-la-Nativity. In the monastic community, ascetic practices, daily liturgy of serves punctuate the day. They practice translation and catechism activities, and volunteer work. Despite civil war times and economic collapse, the community not only continues to exist, but it increases digitally. In 1921, they were fifteen sisters.
The first arrest of Mother Catherine with ten other sisters including Sister Rose Jentkiewicz [ 3 ] takes place from 12 to : it is arrested on and accused by the OGPU of helping the international bourgeoisie and of having spied on. This arrest takes place a few months after the spectacular Moscow trial of which dismantled the little Catholic hierarchy of Russia [ 4 ] . She is therefore condemned under articles 61 and 66 of the Criminal Code of the Soviet Federal Socialist Republic of Russia). Mother Catherine is first kept alone in the SEF of Place Loubianka and, after four months, is transferred to rue Boutyrskaïa Street, where she is able to meet the other sisters. Under his influence, a teenager, who intended to commit suicide, changes his mind. The group’s dispersion sentence is pronounced the . This is the first step in a series of trials and persecution that will last from 1931 to 1934.
In 1922, Vladimir Abikossoff was definitely banished from Russia. In 1923, Mother Catherine and the other sisters were deported to Siberia. Mother Catherine (Anna) is transferred to the prisons of Tobolsk and Iaroslavl. She fell ill in 1932 (breast cancer) and a petition was made to ask for her release. Released, she meets her sister and a group of young people in secret meetings organized by Camilla Krouchelitskaïa, then she was again arrested in 1933, the , but his sentence is commissioned in five years of labor camp. She died shortly after illness in Moscow the At the hospital on rue Boutyrskaïa. Before dying she declared, “Christ now desires in Russia an individual sacrifice for those who … let us be like lambs led to the slaughterhouse …. Obulence to death on the cross, together with humility – these are the Two virtues that I preach to my sisters ”. All the other victims of these convictions will be shot without further judgment in November 1937.
Another trial, in 1935, also concerned three Dominicans, another concerns five sisters who, after their release, had gathered in Maloïaroslavets: arrested him , they will be sentenced to ten years of camp again : “In accordance with the Dominican order rule, the organization carried out counter-revolutionary work. In addition, the Dominican sisters, who sometimes succeeded in ending up in the same camp, formed groups there to spread Catholic ideas, considered as counter-revolutionaries by the guards.
In addition to these Dominican nuns [ 5 ] There are also secular tertiaries, and many faithful close to the sisters and the priests they frequented, but without being able to determine an institutional belonging to the Dominican Third Order. In 1923, all these sisters were between 22 and 49 years old.
Related articles [ modifier | Modifier and code ]
external links [ modifier | Modifier and code ]
Filmography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]
- 4082 Sudba Anny iVanovny Abrikosovej: Anna Ivanovna Abrikossova Directed by Joao Cristo, produced by Studia “Otchij Dom”, Moscow, 2004. Second prize of the International Film and Multimedia Catholic 2005 Film Festival
- Video
- Film Sur Anna I.25: 52 min
Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]
- (fr) P. Philippe de Régis, SJ, Saint Catherine de Siena in Moscow , Unitas, , page 7,
- (fr) Antoine Wenger, Catholics in Russia according to the KGB archives, 1920-1960 , ed. DDB, Paris 1998, 322 p.,
- (of) (the) Dominican historical institute S. Sabina (Rome, Italie) Archive of Preachers, Volume 40
- (in) Aidan Nichols, on, extract: Ekaterina Sienskaya Abrikosova (1892–1936): A Dominican Uniate Foundress in the Old Russia
- Magazine “Truth and Life” n ° 5, 1992
- (ru) P. Parfentiev (Parfentiev P.), Mother Ekaterina (Anna Ivanovna Abrikosova): Life and Service (Mother Catherine, née Anna Ivanovna Abikossova: Life and Service), Saint Petersburg, 2004.
- (it) P. Parfentiev, Anna Abrikosova. The house of Matrona , Milan, 2004
- (ru) Ekaterina Abrikosova , Magazine “Truth and Life” n ° 5, 1992
Recent Comments