Jean Phillipe (Commissioner) – Wikipedia
Jean Phillipe , born the In Lyon and died on In Karlsruhe, is a French police commissioner, member of the Resistance.
Jean Phillipe is the son of Jean Marius Philippe, musician, and Louise Marie Cornut, Lingère [ first ] .
He is first of all a commercial representative [ first ] . From November 1925 to April 1927, he left for Bizerte for his military service in the 8 It is Tirailleurs regiment [ first ] . In 1929, he joined the colonial troops and left for Indochina in the service of 2 It is Bureau [ first ] . In 1933, he was assigned to a regiment of Senegalese skirmishers in Toulon. In October 1934, he was then assigned to Casablanca in an administrative role [ first ] . He married the With Jeanne Bouillane and adopts a little girl [ first ] . He left the French army with the rank of second lieutenant, and became police commissioner in 1937 [ first ] . He was posted at Creusot in 1939 [ first ] .
Its mobilization following the entry into the war of France against the third Reich is held . Prisoner in June 1941, he became a lieutenant after having escaped [ first ] . He was a police station in Lourdes in the fall of 1940 [ first ] , then he was appointed commissioner of 7 It is Toulouse arrondissement, residing in January 1943 at 22 rue Leyde (which became the rue du Commissioner-Philippe in 1947) [ 2 ] .
Entry into resistance [ modifier | Modifier and code ]
As early as 1940, Phillipe joined the Resistance, notably integrating the Belgian Sabot network. In the summer of 1942 [ 3 ] , he joined the alias of “Basset” in the Alliance intelligence network; He was first the head of the Toulouse “patrol”, then of the South West region after November 1942 [ 3 ] , participating in particular in the rescue of several Jews. In , after the occupation by the Germans in the free zone, he is asked by the Vichy authorities in order to establish the list of Jews in the district he is responsible; Not wanting to obey such an order, he resigns from his post and enters hiding [ 4 ] .
Resignation [ modifier | Modifier and code ]
Phillipe explains his serious decision in a letter he addresses the [ 4 ] To his supervisor, the central commissioner of Toulouse. This courageous and lucid letter can be considered one of the great texts of the Resistance. It is kept in the Haute-Garonne Departmental Archives [ 2 ] .
“I regret to realize that the policy currently followed by our government is not in accordance with my ideal, I cannot now serve with loyalty. I refuse – and under my sole responsibility – to persecute Israelites which, in my opinion, have the right to happiness and life, as well as Mr. Laval himself. I refuse to tear, by force, French workers from their family: I believe that it is not up to us to deport our compatriots and that any French who makes himself an accomplice of this infamy, would he be called Philippe Pétain, acts as a traitor. I know the exact meaning of the words I use. Consequently, Mr. Central Commissioner, I have the honor to inform you of the fact that, by the same letter, my resignation is transmitted to the regional police force. Let me express my gratitude for the extreme benevolence that you always show towards me and please accept the expression of my respectful dedication. Signed: Philippe, ex-commissioner of 7 It is arrondissement [ 5 ] . »
Arrest and death [ modifier | Modifier and code ]
Philippe informs his network manager, Marie-Madeleine Fourcade, alias “Hérisson” of his decision; He intends to continue his action in resistance by continuing to animate his agents in hiding [ 6 ] .
Since the , the police steward André Danglade broadcasts a research notice prescribing the arrest of Phillipe, but it is the Gestapo who, on the 28th [ 4 ] where the [ 7 ] , following the imprudence of a liaison agent, captures it in Beaumont-de-Lomagne. Phillipe is taken to Paris and tortured, then transferred to Compiègne and Friborg where the reich court martial condemns him to death [ 7 ] . It is shot the in Karlsruhe, with fourteen other members of the Alliance network [ 8 ] . He headed for the execution platoon sporting a red fabric on the location of the heart on his jacket and singing the Marseillaise [ 9 ] .
His wife, Jeanne Bouillane, who assists him in her resistant activities, is also arrested. She is deported to Germany but survives [ ten ] .
The report of the case, written by the regional prefect, Léopold Chéneaux de Leyritz, confirms Phillipe’s commitment to a resistance network also involving other police officers.
Posthumously, Commissioner Phillipe is promoted to captain, decorated with the Legion of Honor and the Resistance Medal (Decree of 06/15/1946 and OJ of 07/11/1946) [ first ] .
In 1981, Yad Vashem awarded him the title of “just among the nations” [ 11 ] .
The 9 It is Promotion of police commissioners (1957/1958) bears his name [ first ] , as well as a street in Toulouse [ twelfth ] .
- A. Roy, « The great story: Commissioner Philippe », La Gazette des Chalets , n O 13, ( read online )
- ‘ Jean Philippe » , on Researchiance.org (consulted the )
- ‘ Jean Philippe » , on www.ajpn.org (consulted the )
- [PDF] Documents on resistance fighters Departmental archives of the General Council of Haute-Garonne
- Fourcade, volume 2, p. thirty first.
- Mostiante mémoorial , p. 25.
- Fourcade, volume 2, p. 426.
- [PDF] Presentation of resistance fighters including Jean Philippe On the site of the National School of Police
- ‘ The righteous of Yad Vachem » , on Harissa.com (consulted the )
- ‘ The courage to disobey » , on Yad Vashem
- ‘ Toulouse. A heroic commissioner » , on lapepeche.fr (consulted the )
- Friendly association Alliance , Opé of «Giorgo , Paris, Durassié et Cie, , 80 p. ( read online [PDF] ) .
- Marie-Madeleine Vourcade , Noah’s ark , t. 2, Paris, Fayard editions, coll. ” The pocket book ” ( n O 3140), ( rompr. 1998) ( first re ed. 1968), 446 p.
- Limore Yagil, Christians and Jews under Vichy 1940/1944: Civil rescue and disobedience , Paris, ed. Deer, coll. ” History “, .
- Resource relating to public life :
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