Grand Israel – Wikipedia

The Great Israel (In Hebrew: ארץ ישראל השלמה) is a geopolitical and ideological term of the history of the Zionist movement and politics in Israel relating to the land of Israel in historical or biblical borders. In Hebrew the term designates a notion of territorial entirely while its translation into French refers more specifically to territorial demands. Historically Zionist, they advocate the extension of the State of Israel on the whole or part of the land of Israel.

Promised land [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The term refers to the land promised to the children of Israel, which extends “from the river of Egypt to the Euphrates” in Genesis 15: 18-21. According to tradition and in particular according to Rashi, the El-Arich wadi (Wadi al-Arish) corresponds to the “river of Egypt” ^{[ first ]} . Different delimitations are also cited in other biblical books: Book of Exodus 23, Book of Numbers 34 and Book of Ezekiel 47 and others.

Utilization modern you concept [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

In Hebrew, the term Eretz Israel Hashlemah (ארץ ישראל השלמה) means the whole land of Israel) and does not imply the idea of ​​expansion involved by the English term “Greater Israel” ^{[ first ]} .

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A logo of the Irgoun : A rifle brandished in front of a map of the territories claimed by the organization: Palestine agent and transjordan, both British mandates in 1923.

In the context of the fall of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the First World War and negotiations between British, French and the chopped dynasty for the establishment of the British mandate on Palestine, the Zionist organization proposed to the conference of Peace of Paris “The establishment of a national Jewish home” on a territory covering the aquifer of the Jordan. In comparison with the current borders, the proposal included the territories of the State of Israel, South Lebanon, Golan, West Bank and a band of territories of around 20 km East of the Jordan in current Jordan.

The revisionist Zionists rejected the split of the British mandate in Palestine (Palestine Agent) in 1921 ^{[ 2 ]} In two entities, the emirate of Transjordan (current Jordan) on the Eastern bank and the establishment territory for a “Jewish national home” on the west bank. They argue that only the San Remo agreements of 1920, guaranteeing the entire territory to the Jewish state, should be applied. They refused to recognize Jordan as legitimate on the eastern bank of the Jordan. Believing that it has been stripped by the Arab countries, the entire territory of the west bank would be legitimate according to them at the establishment of a Jewish state. In 1949, they also rejected the ceasefire line as being illegal ^{[ 2 ]} . In the Zionist world, the strongest territorial claims came from revisionist Zionists and were limited to Jordan and to parts of Syria and Lebanon. These claims have now disappeared ^{[ first ]} With the exception of the Golan Plateau.

The king of Arabia Abdelaziz Ibn Saoud seems to be the first politician to adopt the concept of great Israel, from Nile to Euphrates. He feared an invasion of his territory by the Zionists ^{[ first ]} . This concept was popularized by Gamal Abdel Nasser, the Syrians then Yasser Arafat ^{[ first ]} .

After the war, a political-religious movement ^{[Which ?]} of a messianic nature claimed the conservation of the conquered territories.
The movement for the great Israel was formed in 1967 and managed to elect a parliamentarian in 1973, before its dissolution in 1976. Marginal currents supporting a great Israel still exist, mainly within Israeli settlements of the West Bank.

Criticism of “Israeli politics” [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

According to certain criticisms of “Israeli politics”, Israel is considering or would have waged wars of territorial conquest with a view to forming great Israel. Israel is also accused of pursuing a colonizing policy by certain people defining themselves as “anti-Zionists” or anti-Israeli. The Israeli territorial claims in the West Bank as well as the promise of the promised land of the Bible, are used by the movements of the new anti -Semitism and sometimes designated in anti -Zionist circles as a policy of great Israel (or “Greater Israel”) ^{[Ref. necessary]} . Bernard-Henri Lévy refers to anti-Zionism to designate the belief that “the Jews would be hateful because they would support a bad state, illegitimate and assassin ^{[ 3 ]} ».

Controversy linked to the Israel flag [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

In an interview with the 1988 Playboy magazine ^{[ 4 ]} , Yasser Arafat exposes a theory ^{[ 5 ] , [ 6 ] , [ 7 ] , [ 8 ] , [ 9 ] , [ ten ]} According to which the two blue bands of the Israeli flag represent the Nile and the Euphrates, while the Zionist and then Israeli flag with its two blue bands had been designed in 1897 for the Zionist congress in reference to Talith , the Jewish prayer shawl ^{[ 11 ]} .

For journalist Meïr Waintter, “the myth of the two blue bands representing the Nile and the Euphrates belongs to the vast family of anti -Zionist paranoid myths.” ^{[ twelfth ]} .

Agourot conspiracy theory [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

According to a conspiracy theory, promoted by Yasser Arafat in 1990, the “Greater Israel” card appears on the Israeli coin of 10 Agourot ^{[ 13 ]} . The Bank of Israel maintains that the styling of the part has been chosen for its historical value because it is a replica of the part issued by Antigone II Mattathiah, and not a card ^{[ 14 ] , [ 15 ]} .