Pleaux — Wikipédia

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Pleaux is a French commune, located in the Cantal department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.

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Localisation [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

It has the particularity, following the 1973 merger, of having a discontinuous territory, Tourniac being separated from the rest of the town by the neighboring municipalities of Barriac-les-Bosquets and Rilhac-Xaintrie (Corrèze). For a long time [ Note 1 ] , it was the largest municipality in Cantal.

It is crossed by the green meridian.

Hydrography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

It is bordered to the south by the Maronne, an important tributary of the Dordogne.

Typology [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Pleaux is a rural commune [ Note 2 ] , [ first ] . It is indeed one of the municipalities that are not very little dense, in the sense of the municipal gate of INSEE density [ 2 ] , [ 3 ] .
The municipality is also outside the attraction of cities [ I 1 ] , [ I 2 ] .

Land use [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Carte en couleurs présentant l'occupation des sols.

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Map of infrastructure and land use of the municipality in 2018 (CLC).

The occupation of the soils of the municipality, as it emerges from the European Database for Biophysics of Corine Land Cover (CLC), is marked by the importance of agricultural territories (58.7% in 2018) , increasing compared to 1990 (56.2%). The detailed distribution in 2018 is as follows:
meadows (38.4%), forests (37.8%), heterogeneous agricultural areas (20.3%), continental waters [ Note 3 ] (1.6%), urbanized areas (1.3%), shrub and/or herbaceous (0.6%) environments (0.6%) [ 4 ] .

The IGN also provides an online tool to compare the evolution over time of the soil occupation of the municipality (or territories to different scales). Several eras are accessible in the form of aerial cards or photos: the Cassini card ( XVIII It is century), the staff map (1820-1866) and the current period (1950 to today) [ Card 1 ] .

Habitat and accommodation [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

In 2018, the total number of housing in the town was 1,620, while it was 1,663 in 2013 and 1,598 in 2008 [ I 3 ] .

Among these dwellings, 47.3% were main residences, 41.1% of secondary residences and 11.6% of vacant dwellings. These homes were 91.1% of them for individual houses and for 7.4% of apartments [ I 4 ] .

The table below presents the typology of housing in Pleaux in 2018 in comparison with that of Cantal and all of France. A striking characteristic of the housing fleet is thus a proportion of secondary residences and occasional housing (41.1%) greater than that of the department (20.4%) and that of the whole of France (9.7%). Regarding the status of occupation of these dwellings, 75.7% of the inhabitants of the municipality owned their housing (76.3% in 2013), against 70.4% for Cantal and 57.5 for the whole of France [ I 5 ] .

Housing in Pleaux in 2018.
Typology Pleaux [ I 3 ] Cantal [ I 6 ] Whole France [ I 7 ]
Main residences (in%) 47.3 67.7 82.1
Secondary residences and occasional housing (in%) 41.1 20.4 9.7
Vacant housing (in%) 11.6 11.9 8.2

Attested in forms PLOUS In 1273, bleus In 1294.
Of the ancient Occitan they are gone (“Guarantee”, “deposit”), ie low Latin plebs , common people , “Parish church”.

In 1973, the mayor had added an accent in order to write “pleaux”, spelling which he thought closer to authentic pronunciation and which we still find in printed documents. The Occitan form is actually [Plew], graph bleus [ 5 ] .

On July 14, 1944, took place in the town, in the so-called “locksmith” land, very important drops of arms by B-17 American planes as part of Operation Cadillac. A stele was affixed in 1994 on the scene [ 6 ] .

The municipality has merged into [ 7 ] Under the regime of merger-association with the municipalities of Loupiac, Saint-Christophe-les-Gorges and Tourniac.

Political trends and results [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

List of mayors [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

List of successive mayors
Period Identify Label Quality
The missing data is to be completed.
Mayor in 1886 ? François-Xavier Calvinhac [ 8 ] Notary, borough advisor
Pleaux canton
The missing data is to be completed.
1947 1971 Albert Gramont
1971 2001 Jean Chanut RPR-UMP
mars 2001 April 2014 Marc Sepchat DVD
April 2014 July 2020 Christian Lafarge DVG Employee
July 2020 In progress David Peyral DVG business manager trainer

Demography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Demographic evolution [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses made in the municipality since 1793. From 2006, the legal populations of the municipalities are published annually by INSEE. The census is now based on an annual information collection, successively concerning all the municipal territories during a period of five years. For municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants, a census survey relating to the entire population is carried out every five years, the legal populations of the intermediate years being estimated by interpolation or extrapolation [ 9 ] . For the municipality, the first exhaustive census falling within the framework of the new system was carried out in 2007 [ ten ] .

In 2020, the town had 1,454 inhabitants [ Note 4 ] , in decrease of 5.03%compared to 2014 (Cantal: −1.53%, France excluding Mayotte: +13%).

Evolution of the population [ modifier ]
1793 1800 1806 1821 1831 1836 1841 1846 1851
2 584 2 630 2 646 2 909 3 123 3 121 2 842 2 816 2 801
1856 1861 1866 1872 1876 1881 1886 1891 1896
2 820 2 856 2 840 277 2 633 2 621 2 539 2 506 2 426
1901 1906 1911 1921 1926 1931 1936 1946 1954
2 316 2 203 2 022 1 866 1 982 2 004 2 030 1 907 1 937
1962 1968 1975 1982 1990 1999 2006 2007 2012
1 710 1 645 2 531 2 328 2 146 1 823 1 667 1 645 1 549
2017 2020 – – – – – – –
1 489 1 454 – – – – – – –
Histogram of demographic evolution

Age structure [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The population of the town is relatively old. In 2018, the rate of people of an age lower than 30 years amounts to 18.9%, a rate lower than the departmental average (27.0%). Conversely, the rate of people over 60 years old (48.2%) is higher than the departmental rate (35.5%).

In 2018, the municipality had 740 men for 735 women, a rate of 50.17% of men, higher than the departmental rate (48.87%).

The pyramids of the ages of the town and the department are established as follows:

Age pyramid of the town in 2018 in percentage [ I 8 ]
Men Age class Women

2.6

90 or +

4.4

12.1

75-89 years

21.9

29.4

60-74 years

25.9

21.6

45-59 years

19.7

13.3

30-44 years old

11.3

9.0

15-29 years

7.4

11.9

0-14 years old

9.5

Age pyramid of the Cantal Department in 2018 as a percentage [ twelfth ]
Men Age class Women

1.1

90 or +

2.8

9.9

75-89 years

13.8

21.8

60-74 years

21.4

22.4

45-59 years

20.9

16.5

30-44 years old

15.5

13.7

15-29 years

11.9

14.6

0-14 years old

13.7

Places and monuments [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  • The Saint-Sauveur church, which has become Saint-Jean-Baptiste, largely of XV It is century, has a Romanesque bell tower. It has been registered since 2017 in the inventory of historic monuments since 2017 [ 13 ] .
  • The Saint-Victor church in Tourniac [ 14 ] .
  • The town retains several constructions of XV It is At XVIII It is century [ 15 ] .
  • The Enchanet dam is partly found in the town, on the Maronne at the limit with Arnac.
  • The Château de Branzac is in the associated town of Loupiac.
  • The Notre-Dame Chapel of the Château Bas, in Saint-Christophe-les-Gorges, where each year in August, pilgrims come to venerate a black virgin to the child, left in 1098 by Raoul de Scorailles, who left in crusade.
  • Église Saint-Sauveur.
  • Château de Doignon.
  • Maison du XVIIe siècle.

    House XVII It is century.

  • Maison du XVIIIe siècle.

    House XVIII It is century.

  • Prieuré.

Personalities linked to the municipality [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Heraldry [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Blason ville fr Pleaux (Cantal).svg

The weapons of the town are asbestos:

Gules to the crawling greed of silver with azure, accompanied by six billets of the same orle ordinates.

Notes and cards [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  1. ↑ Until the creation of the new town of Neuvéglise-sur-Truyère the .
  2. ↑ According to the zoning published in November 2020, in application of the new definition of rurality validated the in the interministerial rurality committee.
  3. ↑ Continental waters designate all surface waters, generally, alternative waters from rainwater, which are located inside the land.
  4. ↑ Legal municipal population in force at 1 is January 2023, vintage 2020, defined within the territorial limits in force at 1 is January 2022, Statistical reference date: 1 is January 2020.

References [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

INSEE website [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Other sources [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  1. ↑ ‘ Rural zoning » , on www.observatoire-des -territoires.gouv.fr (consulted the ) .
  2. ↑ ‘ Urban-Definition municipality » (consulted the ) .
  3. ↑ ‘ Understand the density grid » , on www.observatoire-des -territoires.gouv.fr (consulted the ) .
  4. ↑ ‘ Corine Land Cover (CLC) – Distribution of areas in 15 land use stations (metropolitan area). » , on the Statistical data and studies site of the Ministry of Ecological Transition. (consulted the )
  5. ↑ (oc) Josiane Guillot, Tiène Codert, Daniel Brugès, Parlem! Vai-i qu’as paur! : Trusstrala Auvernhata Magazine , t. 18: Iganauds in Auvèrnha , Clermont-Ferrand / Thiers, Institute of Occitan Studies, ( read online ) .
  6. ↑ Jean Robin, ‘ Serrurier field – Cadillac operation » , on Aerostles , .
  7. ↑ a et b From the villages of Cassini to today’s municipalities On the site of the School of Advanced Studies in Social Sciences.
  8. ↑ Official Journal of first is January 1886.
  9. ↑ The organization of the census , on INSEE.fr.
  10. ↑ Departmental censuses calendar , on INSEE.fr.
  11. ↑ INSEE – Legal populations of the town for years 2006 , 2007 , 2008 , 2009 , 2010 , 2011 , 2012 , two thousand and thirteen , 2014 , 2015 , 2016 , 2017 , 2018 , 2019 And 2020 .
  12. ↑ INSEE, ‘ Evolution and structure of the population in 2018 – Cantal Department (15) » , (consulted the ) .
  13. ↑ ‘ Saint-Sauveur church » , notice n O PA00093575, Base Mérimée, French Ministry of Culture
  14. ↑ Pays de Salers Tourism
  15. ↑ ‘ Pleaux | Small cities of character » , on petitescitesdecaractere.com (consulted the )
  16. ↑ Centre France , ‘ The Pleavian poet, Raymond Mil has left a particularly rich work » (consulted the )

On other Wikimedia projects:

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  • Roger Grand « Treaty of betting between Philippe le Bel and the abbot of Charroux for the creation of a frank city in Pleaux 1289-1290 », Historical and Scientifical works comity. Historical and philological bulletin , – n you 1 and 2 – 10 pages

Related articles [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

external links [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

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