Alcaá De Henares (1499-1836)—Wikipedia
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L’ University of Alcalá de Henares , sometimes designated as The Complutense , was a university located in Alcalá de Henares, founded in 1499 by Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros. She was transferred to Madrid in 1836 under the name of central University , then Complutense University of Madrid .
The university was reconstructed in 1977.
The , King Sanche IV of Castile authorized Gonzalo García Gudiel, archbishop of Toledo and Chancellor of the Kingdom, to institute in Alcalá de Henares a Studies enjoying the same privileges as that which existed in Valladolid. However, this document is isolated, and there is then no important institution for teaching in this place before 1459. The From that year, Pope Pius II, at the request of Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña, Archbishop of Toledo, promulgated a bubble authorizing the creation of three chairs of grammar and liberal arts in Alcalá de Henares (endowed financially thanks to ecclesiastical benefits). The Cardinal Cisneros Foundation was therefore not entirely out of nothing (and besides, born in the region, he may have done his first studies in Studies d’Alcalá). But until 1499, it was not a General study (as in Salamanca), but a simple The study of a particular privileged .
By a bubble promulgated the At the Cardinal’s request, Pope Alexander VI authorized the creation of a General study First taking the form of the college of Saint Ildefonse ( San Ildefonso College ), that the cardinal had designed on the model of the large college of Saint Barthélemy ( Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé , or Old school ) of the University of Salamanca. The superior of the collegiate church of the Holy Just and Pasteur, instituted by Archbishop Carrillo de Acuña (current cathedral of Alcalá de Henares) had the right to promote. Graduates had to enjoy the same privileges as those of Studies de Valladolid, Salamanca and Bologna. The foundation stone of the college was laid the , and the first promotion of students was welcomed the , Saint Luke Day.
This university was the first in Europe whose legal foundation was followed by the construction of a real campus, starting with the construction of the Colegio Mayor , due to Pedro de Gumiel, regular architect of Cardinal Cisneros. The scale of the latter’s design is marked by the expression The city of God (“City of God”) used at the time to designate the new establishment.
The , Cardinal has his foundation of Constitutions of the San Ildefonso College , organizing all institutional life, much more centralized and authoritarian than in Salamanca: the rector, who at this last university was a student elected for one year by a commission made up of teachers and delegates of students, was in Alcalá appointed by The Archbishop of Toledo and endowed with extended powers. In 1513, the cardinal decided the foundation of six new colleges around the Colegio Mayor : The Colegio de San Pedro and San Pablo (the only one linked to a religious order, the Franciscans); THE School of the Mother of God (or Theologian College ); the Santa Catalina College (or Physicist College ); the Santa Balbina College (or Logic College ); the San Eugenio College and the San Isidoro College ( Grammar schools , merged at XVII It is century in one San Ambrosio College ). After the cardinal’s death in 1517 melted until XVII It is century others Minor schools (Foundations of the various religious orders, or royal foundations, or private foundations), so that their number finally reached thirty. But Alcalá always remained a smaller and more “aristocratic” university than Salamanca: around 2,000 students at its peak (against more than 7,000 in Salamanca in 1584).
In 1836, Queen Isabelle II transferred the university to the heart of Madrid by baptizing it central University .
- Tomás de Villanueva (1488-1555), Évêque de Valence
- Luis de Lucena (1491-1552), pontifical doctor, specialist in Vitruve
- Domingo de Soto (1494-1570), Dominican theologian
- Ambrosio de Morales (1513-1591)
- Juan de Mariana (1536-1624), Jesuit
- Alessandro Farnese (1545-1592), governor of the Spanish Netherlands
- Félix Lope de Vega and Carpio (1562-1635), ÉCrivain
- Francis of Queen and Buillegas (1580-1645), ÉCrivain
- Cardinal Mazarin (1602-1661), Catholic prelate, diplomat and politician
- Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos (1744-1811), Écrivain
- Fermín Caballero (1800-1876)
- Manuel Colmeiro Penido (1818-1894)
- José Amador de los Ríos (1818-1878)
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