Alliance 90/I Greens – Wikipedia

Alleanza 90/I Verdi (in German Alliance 90 / The Greens ) is an environmental German political party founded in 1993 following the confluence of two distinct political subjects:

He adheres to the European Green Party and constitutes the strongest environmental formation in Europe.

In addition to the promotion of environmental policies, the party pursues pacifist, progressive and defense of social and civil rights.

The greens [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

In the 1970s, in West Germany, they were founded The greens , which collected environmental and pacifists who opposed the use of nuclear energy and fought to improve the quality of life in large cities. In 1982 the most moderate component of the party gave birth to the ecological-democratic party (ÖDP), now present almost solely in Bavaria. The ÖDP contested the too radical forms of protest implemented by the movement. The Greens were, in fact, increasingly committing in favor of the rights of homosexuals, for less authoritarian forms of teaching and against public works with a strong environmental impact.

The party will be able to elect a deputy in Parliament only in 1983. In 1987, after the accident to the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and the battle against the reduction of the forests, the party considerably increased the preferences obtained, reaching the parliamentary elections, all ‘8.3% of the votes. In these years the party leaders will be Joschka Fischer, who will keep this role until 2005.

Alleanza 90 [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Alleanza 90 He had been founded in 1990 by the meeting of three opposition groups to the communist regime:

• New Forum (Neues Forum), founded in 1989 and first organized opposition movement;
• Democracy now (Demokratie Jetzt), social democratic movement against an immediate reunification with West Germany;
• Initiative for freedom and human rights (Initiative Freiheit und Menschenrechte), founded in 1986 as a simple coordination among the pacifists of Eastern Germany.

After the merger [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

In the 1990 elections, after the reunification with West Germany, two distinct 5%bargaining thresholds were maintained. The Greens Allocated with the ’90s alliance, a civil rights movement in Eastern Germany. In western Germany, the Greens, this time, were unable to overcome electoral barrier. In the 1994 elections, however, the Greens returned above the barrier, with 7.4% of the votes.

In the 1998 “A-V” elections he obtained 6.75% and 47 deputies. He entered the government for the first time in a coalition with the Social Democratic Party of Germany and Joschka Fischer was appointed Foreign Minister. The party in recent years is strengthening, even if the participation in the military intervention in Kosovo caused the escape of the most intransigent pacifists.

In 2000, the party achieved its most important success with the Minister of Energy, Jürgen Triptin, who managed to approve a twenty -year plan for reducing nuclear energy. In 2001, however, the party saw four deputies vote against his government after the military intervention in Afghanistan. Nonetheless to the federal elections of 2002, the Greens increased their votes, 8.6%, and their seats, 55, and remained to the government with the SPD. In the European elections of 2004, the party managed to elect 13 of the 99 seats assigned to Germany.

In the federal elections of 2005 the Greens had a very light flexion, 8.1% of the votes and 51 seats. The collapse of the SPD and the affirmation of the CDU determined the birth of a Große Koalition, since neither the CDU with the liberals, nor the social democrats with the Greens could guarantee a stable government. The opposition to the alliance between Angela Merkel’s party and the social democratic one led to a new growth for environmentalists, who climbed 10.7% to the federal elections of 2009 and 12.1% in the European consultations of the same year.

In the 2013 federal elections, the Greens get 8.4% and 63 seats, while in the 2014 European elections they reach 10.7% and get 11 seats at the European Parliament. In the 2017 federal elections, the Greens collect 8.9% and get 69 seats.
With the 2019 European elections, the party reaches its historic maximum, doubled the consensus compared to the previous ones and obtaining 20.5%, with over 7 and a half million votes and thus also overtaking the SPD, historically hegemonicly party in the center -left .

President [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Election		Votes	%	Seats
The greens
European 1979		893.683	3.21
Federal 1980	I voto	732.619	1.94
	II vote	569.589	1.50
Federal 1983	I voto	1.609.855	4.14
	II vote	2.167.431	5.57
European 1984		2.025.972	8.15
Federal 1987	I voto	2,649.459	7.02
	II vote	3.126.256	8.26
European 1989		2.382.102	8.45
Federal 1990	I voto	2,037.885	4.40
	II vote	1,788.200	3.85
Alleanza 90
Federal 1990	I voto	552.027	1.19
	II vote	559.207	1.20
Alleanza 90/I Verdi
European 1994		3.563.268	10.06
Federal 1994	I voto	3.037.902	6.47
	II vote	3.424.315	7.27
Federal 1998	I voto	2.448.162	4.98
	II vote	3.301.624	6.70
European 1999		1.741.494	6.44
Federal 2002	I voto	2.693.794	5.63
	II vote	4.110.355	8.56
European 2004		3.079.728	11.94
Federal 2005	I voto	2,538.913	5.38
	II vote	3.838.326	8.12
European 2009		3,194,509	12.13
Federal 2009	I voto	3.977.125	9.20
	II vote	4,643,272	10.71
Federal 2013	I voto	3,180.299	7.29
	II vote	3,694.057	8.45
European 2014		3.139.274	10.69
Federal 2017	I voto	3.717.922	8.0
	II vote	4.158.400	8.9
European 2019		7,675,584	20.53
Federal 2021	I voto	6.465.502	14.00
	II vote	6.848.215	14.80

The party supports a strong increase in federal public spending for investments in education: the allocation of one billion euros for technical institutions and 200 million euros for schools for adults ^[ten] .

In the 2013 program, the party asked for the establishment of a minimum federal salary of € 8.50/h, which is then implemented on 1 January 2015 ^[11] . Later, he continued to ask for the increase in minimum wages ^[twelfth] .

Greens do not want the retirement age to climb over 67 years, maintaining the possibility of early cases in certain cases ^[13] .

The party supports the legalization and regulation of the cannabis market, being the promoter of a bill in this sense, which assimilates cannabis to the alcohol market ^[14] .

The party supports pink quotas on the boards of administration, policies for wage equality and struggle of domestic violence.
To recognize the persecution that LGBT people undergo in some countries, the Green Party supports the extension of the right of political asylum to the latter ^[15] .

The party has the main proposal the sustainable development and the protection of the environment and believes that these issues are closely linked to every sector of society, such as economy, energy and transport. He believes that the protection of animals must be a goal to be put in constitution. Among the proposals in this sense there is the integration of the code on environmental law with a law on climate change that provided for the reduction of emissions in Germany in 2020 by 40% compared to 1990.

The party is hard against the use of nuclear energy: it proposes the immediate stop of the construction and use of nuclear power plants. As an alternative, on the other hand, it proposes the use of sustainable energy and a generalized energy saving program.
After the disaster of Černobyl ‘, the Greens have further radicalized and became increasingly indisposed towards nuclear compromises; However, during the Rosso-Verde government (1998-2005) many voters were disappointed by what has been seen as a compromise against green policies.

• Christian Olivo, Creating a Democratic Civil Society in Eastern Germany: The Case of the Citizen Movements and Alliance 90 , 978-1-349-38627-7, 978-0-312-29959-0, Palgrave MacMillan 2001.