Amedeo IV of Savoy – Wikipedia

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Amedeo IV of Savoy (Montmélian, 1197 – Montmélian 13 553) FUBTER KNOOVA DAL 1233 al 1253 away.

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He was buried in the Royal Abbey of AltaComba, currently in the French Savoy; Today there are only the tomb stones of the Count: when the abbey was devastated by the Jacobins, they forced his tomb and dispersed the remains, together with those of other representatives of the Savoy house.

Amedeo, according to Samuel Guichenon, was the eldest son of Tommaso I, count of Savoy, Aosta and Moriana, and his wife, Margherita or perhaps Beatrice [first] , which according to the Chronic albrico monk three sources it was daughter of Geneva, William-lady of Faucigny, Beatrice [2] .

According to the French historian Samuel Guichenon, in his Genealogical history of the Royale Maison de Savoie , Tommaso I of Savoy, was the only male son of the eighth count of Savoy and Conte d’Aosta and Moriana and Marquis of Italy, Umberto III, said the Saint and of Beatrice of Mâcon [3] , which, according to the Chronic albrico monk three sources , It was Gerardo I, County of Mâcon and Vienne erofs of Salins [4] , daughter of the Lord of Salins, Gaucher IV and his wife [4] of which neither the name nor the ascendants are known.

According to the French historian, Victor Flour de Saint-Genis, Amedeo was born in 1197 in Montmélian [5] And he was the eldest son, as Matteo di Paris, Benedictine Munich English chronicler of English history, also confirms, when he lists the uncles of the Queen of England Eleonora of Provence [6] .

Amedeo appears mentioned for the first time in document n ° 42 of Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy , in which together with his father Tommaso i ( Thomas Count Sabaud. Amedeus his son ) confirms the rights to the Abbey of San Marco in 1220 [7] .

In 1213, according to the Regatta Earl Savoy , Amedeo was engaged to Agnese di Saluzzo, daughter of Bonifacio di Saluzzo ( Marquis de salucis Gives Agnes F. Once Bonifacii in his wife Amedeo f. said Earl [Thomas count Maurienne] ) [8] ; Agnese died before reaching the age as a husband.

Amedeo is mentioned in several documents of the Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy :

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  • with his brother Umberto ( their children Amedo and Humberto ) in document n ° 47, dated 1217, inherent in a donation of his father Tommaso I ( Thomas Maurianensis Earl of Marquis ) [9]
  • Nel Document n ° 58, COl’accordo con il Vescovo di Sion, del 1224, da parti di Tommaso 1, Amedeo, La Madre ed 1 Fratelli Chieric (Thomas Earl of Amedeus, the first, the wife of Thomas, their four sons of Clerici Videl. William, Thomas, Peter and Boniface) [ten]
  • with his father and brother Aimone ( Thomas Com. Mauriana and My sons Amedeus and Aiho ) Nel Document n ° 67, del 1227, inerading to one Donazione della Madre (M. Countess Maurian). [11]
  • in document n ° 76, of 1231, inherent in a donation of the mother Margherita ( Marcus Countess Savoy and Marchisa in the Ytalia ) All’abbazia di altacomba, del 1231, Assieme a tutti 1 Fratelli, anchor in life (Amedeus, aymo, W. Electus Valentine, Thomas, Petrus, Boniface and Philip) [twelfth] ; This document is also found in Regatta Earl Savoy [13] .
  • In n ° 83, of 1232, which attests to the purchase of the city of Chambéry by Tommaso I, by the mother, cited as Beatrice, together with the children Amedeo and Aimone ( Beatrix wife of Thomas, the firstborn and aym of his ,) [14] .

His father Tommaso I died on March 1, 1233; there Chronic albrico monk three sources reports that the death of Tommaso i ( Earl Thomas of Savoy ) took place in 1232 [15] , while the document n ° DXXXVII of Regatta Earl Savoy reports the death of Tommaso ( Thomas Count Savoy ) March 1, 1233 ( 1233, 1 March ) [16] . Amedeo, first -born son who succeeded Tommaso i as Amedeo IV [first] .

The first act of Amedeo, a few days later, was to guarantee the privileges sanctioned by the father to the city of Susa [17] .

Amedeo found himself having to share the county with the numerous brothers; In his will Tommaso had designated Amedeo as a legitimate successor to the comital title, but the brothers had strongly claimed the sale of lands and castles. In particular, Pietro and Aimone of Savoy tried to overturn his power by making the Aosta Valley arise, but Amedeo IV managed to defeat them thanks to the troops provided to him by his genres Manfredo III of Saluzzo and Bonifacio II of Monferrato. In July 1234 Amedeo found an agreement with the brothers Pietro and Aimone [18] .

The family was thus divided into dangerous factions and, according to the English historian Charles Previté-Orton, Amedeo in 1235 invested his brother Tommaso of the Lordship of most of Piedmont [19] . Savoy politics in the region aimed at Pinerolo and Turin, against whose municipalities a war ended in 1235 with uncertain results was moved [19] .

In 1236 his granddaughter Eleonora of Provence, daughter of her sister Beatrice, had married the king of England Henry III and therefore was queen of England; In the following years she managed to make different people from Provence welcomed to court, but above all from Savoy [20] ; Among others, the three uncles Bonifacio, Pietro (the future count of Savoy Pietro II (1263-1268, former Lord of the Vaud (1233-1268), which became Count of Richmond (1241-1268), and Guglielmo († 1239), Bishop of Valence and Rector of Vienne [20] ; Bonifacio was appointed archbishop of Canterbury in 1241 [20] , but the charge was ratified by Pope Innocenzo IV only on September 17, 1243, as the Benedictinomatteo monk in Paris, chronicler of English history informs us [21] .

In 1238 Amedeo had been appointed imperial vicar for Lombardy; So despite being a supporter of Emperor Frederick II of Swabia, in 1244, Amedeo allowed the Pope to pass through his territories and reach Lyon [22] ; Then, in 1245, Federico II arrived in Piedmont [23] , Amedeo and Ghigo VII del Viennois offered their support to attack Pope Innocent IV who was in Lyon, but Federico had to give up to tame a revolt in Parma [24] ; In 1247 the alliance with Federico II was strengthened by the wedding of his daughter Beatrice with Manfredi, son of Federico [25] ; In 1248 Amedeo and his brother Tommaso were ambassadors of the emperor to the Pope to seek reconciliation, but without success (perhaps they could not even speak to Innocent IV) [26] ; Even after the death of Federico II, in 1250, Amedeo continued to be a supporter of the Empire [27] : the excommunication for this alliance was removed in 1252, the year after that she had been removed from her brother Tommaso [28] .

His work also distinguished himself for discreet diplomatic qualities, as evidenced by the agreement sanctioned in 1242 with Gotofredo I of Challant at the Castle of Sarre, to agree on how to counter the rebellion of Hugues de Bard, lord of the place; After about fifteen years of wars fought against the bishop of Lausanne together with his brother Pietro, in 1244, Amedeo signed a lasting peace [29] .

Amedeo had made a will in 1235, establishing that in the absence of a male heir his heir was his brother Tommaso [30] ; He had redone it in 1238, confirming heir, in the absence of male son, Tommaso, then Filippo and then Pietro, with the clause that would have had to pay his debts and those of their father [thirty first] ; In 1240, the will, in which he established that, in the absence of a male heir, his heir was his brother Tommaso, who, however, had the obligation to pay all his debts, of his deceased father and brother, Umberto [32] ; Finally, after the birth of the heir Bonifacio, he made two other testaments in which he specified that Tommaso, in the event of his premature death, should have been regent.

Amedeo died on July 13, 1253 [33] ; At his death Amedeo left only one male son, Bonifacio, just eight years old and his brother Tommaso had the regency, becoming a supporter of the papacy [34] .
Amedeo was buried in the Abbey of AltaComba [33] ; Today there are only tombstones, as the abbey was occupied by the Jacobins who forced his tomb and destroyed the remains, together with those of other Savoy representatives.

Around 1217 Amedeo had married Margherita, also called Anna di Burgundy (1192 – 1243), daughter of the Duke of Burgundy, Ugo III and his second wife, Beatrice of Albon (1161 – 1228), Delfina del Viennois, as we are confirmed from document n ° 732 of Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy , part of the will of Margherita’s nephew, Ghigo VII del Viennois, son of Margherita’s brother, Andrea Ghigo VI of Viennois [35] .

Amedeo da Margherita (Anna) had two daughters [36] [37] :

  • Beatrice (ca. 1220 – † 1259), married in 1233 in Manfredo III, marquis of Saluzzo († 1244), and in 1247, in Manfredi (1232 – 1266), king of Sicily, as we are confirmed by document n ° 202 of the Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy [38]
  • Margherita († 1264), married in 1235 in Bonifacio II († 1253), marquis of Monferrato ( Mrs. Pearl her daughter and wife Dom. Boniface Montisferrati ) [39] and subsequently, in 1255, in Aimaro di Poitiers († 1277), count of Valentinois, as we are confirmed by European regulars [40] , Vol 3, 740 (not consult) [37] .

Widowed by Margherita, Amedeo, as Samuel Guichenon, Victor Flour de Saint-Genis and Jean Frézet confused us in 1244 with Cecilia Del Balzo (or de Baux) († 1275), daughter of Barral, 8th Lord of Les Baux -DE-Provence and 2nd Viscount of Marseille, and of the grandson of Raimondo VII of Toulouse, count of Toulouse, Sibilla d’Andouze [41] [42] [43] , and was considered one of the most beautiful women of the time and nicknamed for his “passerous” attractiveness [41] .

Amedeo da Cecilia had four children [36] [37] :

  • Bonifacio (1244 – 1263), count of Savoy and Moriana [44]
  • Beatrice [45] († 1292), married to Pietro di Chalon († 1272), lord of Châtelbelin, son of the Count of Chalon, Giovanni D’Auxonne and subsequently, in 1274, to Giovanni Manuele (1234 – 1283), Castile infant, Lord of Peñafiel, of Escalona and Villena (son of Ferdinand III of Castile) [44]
  • Eleonora († After 1269), married in 1269 to Guichard Lord of Beaujeu [forty six]
  • Costanza († before 1264) [47] .
  1. ^ a b ( FR ) Genealogical history of the Royale Maison de Savoie, PAG 254
  2. ^ ( THE ) Germany Historical, writers, Volume 23, Chronicle Albrico monks of three sources, in the year 1235, pag 938 Filed On November 10, 2014 on the Internet Archive.
  3. ^ ( FR ) Genealogical history of the Royale Maison de Savoie, PAG 242
  4. ^ a b ( THE ) Germany Historical, writers, Volume 23, Chronicle Albrico monks of three sources, in the year 1190, PH 863 Filed On February 7, 2019 on the Internet Archive.
  5. ^ ( FR ) History of Savoie, pag 235, noted 2
  6. ^ ( THE ) Matthew Paris, monks, St. Albans, Chronicle Mayora, Vol. 6, the Count Savoy Thomas Uncle Mrs. Queen of England, Pag 442
  7. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 42, PAG 18
  8. ^ ( THE ) Regatta Earl Savoy, Doc. 438, PAG 162
  9. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 47, PAG 20
  10. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 58, PAG 25
  11. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 67, PAG 30
  12. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 76, PAG 34
  13. ^ ( THE ) Regatta Earl Savoy, Doc. 529, PAG 193
  14. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 83, PAG 36
  15. ^ ( THE ) Germany Historical, writers, Volume 23, Chronicle Albrico monks of three sources, in the year 1232, pag 930
  16. ^ ( THE ) Regatta Earl Savoy, Doc. 459, PAG 170
  17. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 84, PAG 37
  18. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 96, PAGG 42 – 46
  19. ^ a b ( IN ) The early history of the house of Savoy (1000-1233), pag 415
  20. ^ a b c E.F. Jacob, England: Henry III , pag. 214
  21. ^ ( THE ) Matthew Paris monks, St. Albans, Majora: 1240-1247, confirmed …., Pagg 259 E 260
  22. ^ Michelangelo Schipa, “Italy and Sicily under Frederick II”, in history of the medieval world, chap. V, vol. V, page 188
  23. ^ Michelangelo Schipa, “Italy and Sicily under Frederick II”, in history of the medieval world, chap. V, vol. V, page 189
  24. ^ Paul Fournier, “The Kingdom of Burgundy or D’Arles from the 11th to the fifteenth century”, ch. XI, vol. VII, pag 397
  25. ^ Michelangelo Schipa, “Italy and Sicily under Frederick II”, in history of the medieval world, chap. V, vol. V, page 190
  26. ^ Michelangelo Schipa, “Italy and Sicily under Frederick II”, in history of the medieval world, chap. V, vol. V, page 193
  27. ^ C.w. Previté-Orton, “Italy in the second half of the thirteenth century”, ch. VI, vol. V, page 198
  28. ^ ( FR ) The Popes of Avignon and the Maison de Savoie: 1309-1409, PAG 41
  29. ^ ( FR ) History of Savoy, PAG 240
  30. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 100, PAG 47
  31. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 116, PAG 56
  32. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 133, PAG 68
  33. ^ a b ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 337, PAG 173
  34. ^ C.w. Previté-Orton, “Italy in the second half of the thirteenth century”, ch. VI, vol. V, page 204
  35. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 732, PAGG 407 – 409
  36. ^ a b ( IN ) #ES Genealogy: The House of Savoy – Amedeo IV
  37. ^ a b c ( IN ) #ES Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: Counts of Savoie and Maurienne 1060-1417 – Amedee de Savoie
  38. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 202, PAGG 108 E 109
  39. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 103, PAGG 48 – 53
  40. ^ The European regulars They are a collection of genealogical tables of the (most influential) European families.
  41. ^ a b ( FR ) Genealogical history of the Royale Maison de Savoie, PAG 272
  42. ^ ( FR ) History of Savoie, pag 235, noted 2
  43. ^ ( FR ) History of the House of Savoy, PAG 186
  44. ^ a b ( FR ) Genealogical history of the Royale Maison de Savoie, PAG 274
  45. ^ ( THE ) Peter the second, Count of Savoy, Margrave in Italy, Doc. 331, PAG 171
  46. ^ ( FR ) Genealogical history of the Royal House of Savoy, PAG 276
  47. ^ ( FR ) Genealogical history of the Royale Maison de Savoie, PAG 275

Primary sources [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Historiographic literature [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

  • Michelangelo Schipa, “Italy and Sicily under Frederick II”, in history of the medieval world, chap. V, vol. V, 1999, pp. 153–197 .
  • C.w. , Sottrevité-Orton, “Italy in the second half of the thirteenth century”, ch. VI, vol. V, in History of the medieval world , 1999, pp. 198–244 .
  • E.F. Jacob, “England: Henry III”, in history of the medieval world, vol. VI, 1999, pp. 198–234 .
  • Paul Fournier, “The Kingdom of Burgundy or D’Arles from the 11th to the fifteenth century”, ch. XI, vol. VII ( The autumn of the Middle Ages and the birth of the modern world ) from the History of the medieval world , 1999, pp. 383–410 .
  • ( FR ) Genealogical history of the Royale Maison de Savoie, justified by titles, .. by Guichenon, Samuel
  • ( FR ) The Popes of Avignon and the Maison de Savoie: 1309-1409
  • Francesco Cognasso, Amedeo IV, count of Savoy , in Biographical Dictionary of Italians , vol. 2, Rome, Institute of the Italian Encyclopedia, 1960. URL consulted on 25 August 2017 . Modifica su Wikidata

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