[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/budget-of-french-universities-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/budget-of-french-universities-wikipedia\/","headline":"Budget of French universities – Wikipedia","name":"Budget of French universities – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. French universities are funded for their greatest part by the state budget, via the","datePublished":"2019-06-28","dateModified":"2019-06-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/budget-of-french-universities-wikipedia\/","wordCount":3775,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. French universities are funded for their greatest part by the state budget, via the inter -ministerial research and higher education mission.   Table of ContentsMinistry funding [ modifier | Modifier and code ] 1994: financing according to needs [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Since 2009: financing according to needs and performance [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Simplified presentation of the model on the basis of the amount of credits distributed in 2009 [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Notes [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Registration fees [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Others [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Budget management in universities with expanded skills [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Example: Means of the University of Saint-Etienne in 2009 [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Notes [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Ministry funding [ modifier | Modifier and code ] 1994: financing according to needs [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Introduced in 1994, the analytical system for distributing resources (SAN Remo) was initially based on a logic of cost analysis and average management rates noted by training sector. This logic was abandoned in 1997 in favor of a method allowing to calculate, for each establishment, the theoretical needs in jobs and operating credits.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4The technique of calculating the theoretical operating allocation by the SAN Remo model is based on three criteria: student workforce, supervision in administrative and technical jobs, the surfaces devoted to education. These criteria are used to calculate four types of financing, the sum of which, once the total amount of the entrenched registration fees, constitutes the overall operating allocation (DGF) [ first ] (jobs and credits). From 2005, this system was abandoned by the ministry [ 2 ] . Since 2009: financing according to needs and performance [ modifier | Modifier and code ] The “System of distribution of means to performance and activity” (Nice) was proposed by a report of senators [ 3 ] . Since 2009, the Ministry of Higher Education and Research has been completing universities in relation to their activity and their performance. The latter includes a \u201ccalculated\u201d part on the basis of national criteria and a \u201cnegotiated\u201d part in the quadrennial contract (see distribution mode and criteria in the following tables) [ 4 ] .        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Between 2008 and 2014, the credits of the \u201cHigher Training and University Research\u201d program of the inter -ministerial research and higher education mission, the vast majority of which finances universities, have experienced a much more favorable development than that of the general state budget : 12.69% increase between 2008 and 2013 for the program against 7.33% for the general budget [ 5 ] . The nice is not really applied, because in a context where the overall envelope is limited, it would have led to cuts of endowments for certain universities [ 5 ] . Simplified presentation of the model on the basis of the amount of credits distributed in 2009 [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Credits distributed in 2009  Education Research Management, management, student life Total Activity    1 176 M\u20ac  Performance    294 M\u20ac  Total 955.5 M\u20ac  514.5 M\u20ac   [ A 1 ] 1 470 M\u20ac  Cutting credits  Education Research Management, management, student life Total Activity 60% 20%  80% Performance 5% Calculated share: 4% Negotiated part 15% Calculated share: 12% Negotiated part  20%        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4 Negotiated part: 4% Total 65% 35%  100% Distribution criteria  Education Research Management, management, student life Activity number of students present at exams Number of teachers publishing researchers  Performance Calculated share: valeur ajout\u00e9e R\u00e9ussite Licencenombre de dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s en masterNegotiated part: passage L1\/L2r\u00e9ussite en L3part des mentions M \u00e0 faible effectifstaux d\u2019insertion[A 2]Calculated share: cotation unit\u00e9s rechercheNegotiated part: ressources issues de la valorisationinsertion des docteurs[A 2]Negotiated part: auto\u00e9valuationpilotage immobilierrecrutement externeouverture des biblioth\u00e8quesNotes [ modifier | Modifier and code ] \u2191 This total includes only the credits distributed by the model and not the credits linked to the initialization of the model (compensation for missing jobs, financing of the excess initialization) or to specific sites (“license” and \u201ccareers \u00bb).  \u2191 a et b Future criteria  Registration fees [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Tuition fees are set by the minister and are the same from one university to another (for example, in 2020, 170 euros for the license, 243 euros for the master …) [ 6 ] . Others [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Universities diversify their resources with services, research contracts or continuous training. They can also receive donations ( via foundations in particular) [ 7 ] . Extra budgetary funding (investments for the future) or the resources of research organizations are not always traced in universities accounts [ 8 ] . Budget management in universities with expanded skills [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Universities with “expanded skills” (51 in 2010, also called “autonomous universities”) have additional possibilities in the management of their budget. They indeed have their global budget (payroll included), and themselves distribute the funds between the different components [ 9 ] , [ ten ] . The universities concerned have often had to expand their administrative services to deal with these new responsibilities. In addition, the presidents criticize the rectorates of monitoring them too much [ 11 ] . Example: Means of the University of Saint-Etienne in 2009 [ modifier | Modifier and code ] To illustrate the university financing system, here are the means of the University of Saint-Etienne. Means of the University of Saint-Etienne in 2009, forecast data in percentage, out of a total budget of 109.3 million euros [ twelfth ] , [ B 1 ] Grants from the Ministry of Higher Education and Research Remuneration of titular staff 64.4% Functioning [B 2 ]13.6% Investment 1.6% 79.6% Other subsidies 9.2% Contribution of research organizations 0.4% Registration fees 3.8% Research contracts 2.3% Continuing education service 2.0% Tax learning 0.6% Various services and recipes 2.1% Total 100% Notes [ modifier | Modifier and code ] \u2191 Part of these “means” do not fall into the university budget and are managed no other entities. The University of Saint-Etienne having increased to “extended skills” in 2009, it manages its own wage bill. Finally, this university benefits from real estate operations funded by the CPER.  \u2191 Including remuneration of non -titular staff supported by the State  \u2191 Senate 2008, p. 11  \u2191 Senate 2008, p. twelfth  \u2191 Senate 2008  \u2191 Senate 2009, p. 15  \u2191 a et b 2015 Court of Auditors, p. 21.  \u2191 Decree of April 19, 2019 relating to registration fees in public higher education establishments under the Minister responsible for Higher Education  \u2191 [PDF] ‘ The Guide to good practices in terms of partnership and university foundations \u00bb , on www.cpu.fr , February 2010  \u2191 2015 Court of Auditors, p. 20  \u2191 ‘ Autonomy of universities: year II \u00bb , on www.enseignementsup-reerche.gouv.fr , December 28, 2009  \u2191 Education Code, article L712-8 and following  \u2191 Marie-Estern Pech, ‘ Thirty-three new autonomous universities \u00bb , on www.lefigaro.fr , December 31, 2009  \u2191 ‘ Means of the University of Saint-Etienne in 2009 \u00bb , on www.enseignementsup-reerche.gouv.fr , September 29, 2009  Philippe Adnot , Jean-L\u00e9once Dupont , Christian Gaudin , Serge Lagauche , G\u00e9rard Long and Philippe Richert , Reform of the allocation of means by the State to universities , June 10, 2008 , 54 p.  ( read online ) (Senate information report) Philippe Adnot and Jean-L\u00e9once Dupont , Implementation of the budget and financial component of law n \u00b0 2007-1199 of August 10, 2007 relating to the freedoms and responsibilities of universities and new system of allocation of means to universities (nice) , July 7, 2009 , 47 p.  ( read online ) (Senate information report) Philippe Adnot the Dominique Gillot , Funding for universities: equity at the service of everyone’s success , April 24, 2013 ( read online ) (Senate information report) Philippe Adnot , Survey of the Court of Auditors on the results of the financial autonomy of universities , September 30, 2015 , 43 p.  ( read online ) (Senate information report)Court of Audit, The financial autonomy of universities: a reform to continue , September 30, 2015 , 152 p.  ( read online ) (report requested by the Senate finance committee)       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/budget-of-french-universities-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Budget of French universities – Wikipedia"}}]}]