Carso – Wikipedia

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From Wikipedia, Liberade Libera.

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The Karst (also known as karst plateau O Carsia , Iulia Carsa in latino, Kras in Slovenian and Croatian, Cjars In Friulian, Karst In German) it is a historical region, a limestone rocky plateau that extends between Friuli-Venezia Giulia (province of Gorizia and Trieste), Slovenia and Croatia, historically known to have been the scene of violent battles during the First World War, between Italian and Austro-Hungarian troops.

From the name of the geographical region of the Karst of Trieste, the subject of the first studies and taken as a reference, also known as “Classic Carso” [first] , the term karst is derived. This toponym in turn derives from the root “kar” or “karra”, of paleoindae European origin with meaning of rock, stone. The same root have toponyms Carnia, Carinthia, Carnaro and Carniola [first] .

The design represents in a schematic way the arrangement of the rock formations that make up the karst plateau, and indicates the geological period of their deposition

It extends to the south-east of the Prealpi Giulie, (area of ​​the Collio), reaches the Adriatic Sea and then continues in Western and Northern Istria Slovenia, up to the conjunction point with the Bebie Alps massif ( Velebit ) at the north-west extreme of Croatia. The plateau extends over a partially eroded anticlinal.

Classification [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Classification model of the Alps – Sector 26: Carso
Classification model of the Dinaric Alps – Area A1: Mountains of Istria and the Karst

According to the partition of the 1926 Alps, the Karst is considered part of the alpine system and is seen as one of the 26 sections of the Alps, and precisely the 22nd [2] . According to this criterion, Piccolo Carso (group 22a) and Carso Istrian (group 22b) is divided.

According to the Soiusa, the Karst is not part of the Alps, but belongs to the system of the dinaric Alps, following the Slovenian geographical literature, which divides it in the following wayː mountains of Istria and Carso (theme A1); Group of the Selva di Tarnova (abbreviation B1); Group of Monte Nevoso-Risnjak (abbreviation B2); Large plateau of the carniola-internship and low carniola (theme B3).

According to other criteria, it can be divided into the Triestine Karst, Carso Goriziano, Slovenian Karst and Istrian Karst (in some divisions it expands even further south with the Dalmatian Karst and Bosnian Karst).

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Karst [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

The same topic in detail: Karst .

Ethnic map of the Karst and Istria in 1880

The limestone rocks are soluble by atmospheric agents, in particular by the carbonic acid dissolved in the waters, and are therefore modeled over time in various forms, causing the phenomenon of karst. In the world only 15% of areas with carbonate outcrops have the characteristic karst phenomena. One of the most relevant aspects are the doline.

Caves [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

The Karst is rich in caves of various sizes, so many speleological societies have developed in the territory. The most famous are the Giant Grotto, the Cave of the Torri di Slivia, the caves of San Canziano and the Postumia caves.

Pollution of the caves [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

For years, over a hundred of the caves of the Trieste Carso [3] they were used as landfills. At the turn of Italy and Slovenia, 350 polluted caves have been registered in the Julian Alps. In Slovenia, the Jeriseva Jama cave, close to the town of Casigliano di Sesana, is full of cars, eternities and other waste. Despite everything, in this cave there is still a rare pisolite, the pearl of cave .

In Italy: the Pozzo Mattioli, near the Triestina hamlet of Gropada, has been used as a closing waste disposal center. The Pozzo dei Colombi, near Basovizza, another fraction of the Municipality of Trieste, was used for the spill of hazardous waste resulting from the attack on the oil terminal of the transalpine pale of the Val Rosandra of August 1972; It was used as a large tank, over 45 meters of well and 100 of cave, for the washing liquids of the boilers, industrial sludge and many other chemicals. Similar fate is touched by the well of Christ, between Basovizza and Gropada, used for the spill of industrial derivation liquids.

The karst rocks in Duino

Municipalities of the Karst [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Common Surface Inhabitants
Ash 245.2 19.418
Bister 480 13.297
Clan ninety four 1.931
Of course 102.7 3.529
Cormons 35.1 7.328
Heifies 147.8 4.213
Doberdò del Lago 27.05 1301
Duino-Aurisina 45.17 8.733
Erpelle-Cosina 195 4,604
Gorizia 41.26 33,911
Lanishie 143.13 398
Mattiles 176.67 11.246
MNa-chestnut grain 62.8 4.977
Monrupino 12.7 867
Nova Gorica 279 31.884
Posthumousness 269.9 16,442
San Dorligo della Valle 24.5 6,019
San Pietro del Carso 223.3 6.201
San Pietro-Vertoiba 15 6.292
remains 217.4 13.702
Sgonic 31.31 2.130
Vipacco 223.3 5,703
total 3,065,24 202.825

The territory includes the Duino’s cliffs nature reserve.

  • L'altopiano del Carso visto dal Santuario di Monrupino (TS) - (parte italiana)

    The Karst plateau seen from the Sanctuary of Monrupino (TS) – (Italian part)

  • L'altopiano del Carso visto dal Santuario di Monrupino (TS) - (parte slovena)

    The Karst plateau seen from the Sanctuary of Monrupino (TS) – (Slovenian part)

  • Il ciglione carsico con sullo sfondo il golfo di Trieste

    The karst ciglion with the Gulf of Trieste in the background

  • Vista del mare dal Carso
  • Il Carso che si getta in mare in corrispondenza della Riserva naturale delle Falesie di Duino

    The Karst that throws itself into the sea in correspondence with the Duino cliff nature reserve

  • Pietraia vicino a Monfalcone

    Pietraia near Monfalcone

  • Tracce di dissoluzione
  • Tracce di dissoluzione e fratture

    Traces of dissolution and fractures

  • Classico connubio di piante e rocce

    Classic combination of plants and rocks

  • I colori autunnali della vegetazione carsica

    The autumn colors of karst vegetation

  • “Mouth of the Timavo” shortly after the Risorgive and after 38 km under the Karst

  • La Grotta delle Torri nel Comune di Duino-Aurisina

    The cave of the towers in the municipality of Duino-Aurisina

  1. ^ a b Franco Cucchi, Luca Zini, Chiara Calligaris, The classic Karst, geographical and historical framework , Trieste, Eut Edizioni University of Trieste, 2015.
  2. ^ According to the original map of the Alps partition, of 1926 and according to the data he deduced, the section corresponds to number 22; According to the map of the orographic atlas of the Alps of Sergio Marazzi who illustrates the partition of the Alps, the sector would correspond to the number 26. The two maps and the news deducted are reported on the “Homo Alpinus” website; you see Division des Alpes Selon The Italian National Geographical Committee .
  3. ^ Corso Triestino: Hypogeum pollution . are GreenACTION-TRANSNATIONAL.ORG . URL consulted on August 14, 2020 ( filed March 5, 2016) .
  • Maurizio Tentor, Giorgio Tunis, Sandro Venturini, “Stratigraphic and tectonic scheme of the Carso Isontino”, Hidden nature
  • Enrico Halupca, The wonders of the Karst, images, history and culture of one of the most fascinating landscapes in Europe , Lint Trieste editions, ISBN 88-8190-209-5
  • Daniela Durissini and Carlo Nicotra, The paths of the Trieste Karst , Lint Trieste editions, ISBN 88-8190-176-5
  • Fabio Forti, Carso Triestino, guide to discovering karst phenomena , Lint Trieste editions, ISBN 88-86179-65-0
  • Fabio Forti, Invitation to the knowledge of the caves of the Carso Triestino , Lint Trieste editions, ISBN 88-8190-064-5
  • Aa. Etc.,, Introduction to the flora and vegetation of the Karst , Lint Trieste editions, ISBN 88-85083-00-5
  • Dario Blasich and Alfio Scarpa, The Karst seen up close , Lint Trieste editions, ISBN 88-8190-053-X
  • Dario Gasparo, Val Rosandra and the surrounding environment , Editorial Lint, Trieste (2008), ISBN 978-88-8190-240-8
  • Scipio slataper, My Karst , Mursia isbn 9788842547341
  • Giulio Angioni, Seagulls on the Karst , Sellerio, ISBN 88-389-2503-8
  • Alessandro Ambrosi, Claudio Oretti, Carso Triestino, Goriziano and Slovenian 1: 25,000. Topographic paper for hikers. With index of names, paths and itineraries , Transalpina Editrice, Trieste (2013), ISBN 978-88-88281-05-6
  • Alessandro Ambrosi, Guide to the paths of the Carso Triestino, Monfalconese and Goriziano , Transalpina Editrice (SPA DE BORA), Trieste (2015), ISBN 978-88-88281-13-1

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