[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/cathedral-of-roskilde-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/cathedral-of-roskilde-wikipedia\/","headline":"Cathedral of Roskilde – Wikipedia","name":"Cathedral of Roskilde – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 The Cathedral of Roskilde (in Danish Roskilde Cathedral ), in the city of the same name on the island","datePublished":"2017-05-27","dateModified":"2017-05-27","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/62\/Roskilde_Cathedral_Alter.jpg\/220px-Roskilde_Cathedral_Alter.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/6\/62\/Roskilde_Cathedral_Alter.jpg\/220px-Roskilde_Cathedral_Alter.jpg","height":"224","width":"220"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/cathedral-of-roskilde-wikipedia\/","wordCount":2501,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4The Cathedral of Roskilde (in Danish Roskilde Cathedral ), in the city of the same name on the island of Zealand (Sjaelland) in Eastern Denmark, it was the first Gothic cathedral to be built in bricks, and its construction encouraged the spread of this style (called Gothic brick) in northern Europe. The cathedral was built during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries and incorporates both Gothic and Romanesque architectural characteristics in its design. It was the only cathedral in Zealand until the twentieth century. The twin spiers of the Cathedral of Roskilde dominate the skyline of the city.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Roskilde Cathedral is the main burial place of the Danish monarchs since the fifteenth century, which has led to considerable additions and alterations over time, since the individual rulers had added several burial chapels. Following the Protestant Reformation of 1536, the bishop’s residence was moved to Copenhagen, and he has been holding the title of Bishop of Zealand from that moment. The cathedral is an important tourist attraction, with 125,000 visitors per year. Since 1995, the cathedral has been listed among UNESCO World Heritage Site. Since 1987, the cathedral is home to one of the main choirs of children from Denmark. The choir is made up of students who meet two or three times a week to try, and every two years they turn tours abroad. The cathedral also hosts several concerts.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4View of the interior. Roskilde was declared Danish capital by King Aroldo I around the year 960. A small wooden church was erected by dedicating it to the Holy Trinity. King Aroldo was buried, even if the exact place has never been found. Around 991 Roskilde became the seat of the bishop of Roskilde, under the supervision of the archbishop of Hamburg, who had the task of converting the Scali Scano Scandinavi kingdoms. The bishop was responsible for the island of Zealand, in the south of Sweden (Scania), and of the islands to the south including R\u00fcgen, off the northern Germany. Bishop Svend Nordmand (1076-1088) through the donations of the sister of King Canuto the Great, Estrid, had the first stone of the cathedral, completed in 1080. The church was built in a Romanesque style with internal all-round arches that support a ceiling plate. The main church consists of a long nave and two side apses. Two towers are on the sides of the main entrance. A stone monastery was built close to the cathedral on the northern side, in order to host the monks and other people linked to the complex. Bishop Svend managed to obtain an important relic, the skull of Pope Lucio I, one of the first popes (253-255), which thus became the patron of the cathedral. The most famous bishop of Roskilde was Absalon, the warrior bishop, who founded Copenhagen. Later Absalon became archbishop of Lund. He was responsible for the construction of the church of Our Lady in Copenhagen, a church that in the twentieth century stole the title of “Danish national cathedral” in Roskilde. Re Valdemaro deposited the relics of San Canuto Lavard at San Luca on June 25, 1170, on the same day when King Canuto was crowned there inside the Cathedral of Roskilde, the only coronation of a Danish inside the complex. The successor of Absalon, Peder Suneen, began an ambitious expansion of the cathedral in 1200 on the model of that of Tournai, in Belgium, where he had been abbot under his mentor, the bishop Stefano di Tournai. Without bunes stones to work with, the cathedral was built with a new type of material, red bricks of a higher size. Together with the Abbey of Sor\u00f8, Roksilde became a prototype for the construction of other monasteries, churches, cathedrals and public buildings throughout Scandinavia and northern Germany. It has been estimated that over three million bricks have been used for its construction. The new cathedral was twice as high as the old one, and built in Gothic style with pointed arches and vault ceiling that further raised the building. A transept was added to give the church a cross shape, and a round apatine was added to the choir. Two towers are found on the sides of the western door. The choir is separated from the nave. The doors located between nave and altar were opened only for the great parties of the liturgical calendar. On the northern side, four chapels dedicated to Santa Brigitta, San Cristoforo and Sant’Andrea were erected.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4The organ Tomb of Queen Margherita I Bishop Jakob Erlandsen built a school at the cathedral for the education of poor children in 1249. In 1310 one Lady chapel It was added instead of the current mausoleum which houses the tombs of many recent exponents of the Danish royal family. Bishop Peder Jensen Lodehan removed the body of Queen Margherita I from the abbey of Sor\u00f8 in 1314, and he buried it with great pomp inside the cathedral. In 1439 the work began inside, especially on the choir. On May 14, 1443 a fire hit the entire city by burning the cathedral. It was seriously damaged that it was not reconstructed before 1464. King Cristiano I paid for the addition of the new chapel of the three kings. Cristiano I and his wife Dorotea of \u200b\u200bBrandenburg are buried in the cathedral and, with Margherita I, represent the oldest tombs . The tombstones of these sepulchres were made with material from the ancient EIFEL aqueduct, dating back to the first century, of Roman construction. The chapel also contains a strange stone called the “king column”. The names of many members of the Danish royal family and famous visitors are engraved on this column. In addition to the real Danish, there are also the names of Edoardo VII of England, Peter the Great, and King Chulalongkorn of Thailand. The two western towers of San Luca were rebuilt with small spiers, such as medieval churches. The famous San Giorgio clock was added in 1500, and many tourists stop to admire San Giorgio who attacks the dragon every heartbeat. Two other characters play the bell every quarter of an hour and in half an hour. In 1511 the chapel of Sant’Andrea and that of Santa Brigitta were frescoed with scenes of the life of the saints. Throughout the history of the cathedral, some people have been buried there. Many are located under the floor, in tombs made with bricks, or at the top, in tombs carved in the stone. The richest rented a place to build a mausoleum in the chapels that dot the apses, and many of them were decorated with wooden or stone memorials that occupy all the spaces available on the internal walls of the cathedral. Roskilde’s latest Catholic bishops committed themselves to the end to stop the spread of Lutheran ideas in the diocese, but they failed. In 1536 the king and most of the Danes forced monasteries, cathedrals, abbeys and asked to abandon Catholic cult, dedicating himself to Lutheranism. Joachim R\u00f8nnnow, the last Catholic bishop of Roskilde, was imprisoned in 1536 and remained in the Copenhagen castle until his death in 1544. In 1538 the Danish Luther, Hans Tausen, reached the cathedral to put an end to the last remnants of Catholicism. In 1540 all the properties of the cathedral were confiscated by the king. The cathedral was the last bastion of Catholicism of Zealanda, but in 1536 the Superintendent Lutheran of Zealand moved to Copenhagen, despite the fact that Roskilde was still the official cathedral. Roskilde’s decline was sudden, all the monasteries, the churches, the canons, were closed by noble families, who requested their properties. The giant crucible of the cathedral and other Catholic symbols were destroyed. Since the Church was a real burial place, the cathedral was saved from the reform. The superintendents were quickly appointed bishops, and that of Zealand continued to live and work in Copenhagen until Zealand was divided by Copenhagen in the 1920s. In 1548 the widows of the mayors Van Seygens and Sidsel Lerb\u00e6k were condemned and burned like witches on the cathedral square. In 1554 a new organ, built by Herman Raphaelis, was donated to the cathedral. It was extended in 1600 and 1833, and restored again in 1988. San Luca was transformed into a parish church for the center of Roskilde. In 1583 the last known nun died, putting an end to the five centuries of life of the monastery. the main altar The chapel of Cristiano IV The fantastic altar was carved in Antwerp, and is one of the treasures of the building. The pulpit was a gift from Cristiano IV in 1610. The sculptor who prepared the works in the sandstone, marble and alabaster was the famous Hans Brockman. In 1614 the chapels of San Cristoforo and Sant’Andrea were shrunk to allow the construction of the chapel of Cristiano IV. In 1635-6 the two western towers were raised by adding the copper spiers. These towers contain six bells; The oldest dates back to 1508, and is the work of Hans Jensen. Johannes Fasten\u0151we forgive two bells in 1511, paid by Bishop Johan Ravensberg. The largest, “Stormklokken”, is located in the northern tower. A. Burchado built one in 1594, positioned with that of Jensen and the smallest of Fasten\u0151we in the southern tower. A royal door is located on the western facade, and was carved by Geert Barmann. The new door was used only on rare occasions; Usually tourists enter the south entrance. The wonderful entry was moved to the Holmen Church of Copenhagen. In 1645 the bishop of Zealand ordered to write down all the baptisms, weddings and funeral of Zealand on the parish registers, and thanks to this, many useful data of the time came to us. During the war between Danesi and Swedes, the army of King Gustavo I of Sweden invaded and occupied part of Denmark, including Roskilde. He ordered that the remains of Queen Margherita were transferred to the Cathedral of Uppsala in Sweden. The restored sarcophagus of the queen is still exposed to Roskilde. In 1968 the spire Margrethe was destroyed by a fire, and its two bells, one of 1200 and the other of 1613, were damaged so as to prevent their restoration. Two new bells were created by the Petit and Fritity Company in 1970. Since 1987 the cathedral hosted one of the choirs of the Denmark’s Leading Boys’, the Roskilde Cathedral Boys’ Choir . The choir will soon celebrate the twenty years. All choristers attend school and meet about 2-3 times a week to try. Every two years the choir makes a tour abroad, and has already visited countries such as New Zealand, Scandinavia, England, Greenland, France and Poland. Members of the Danish royal family buried in the cathedral [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Sarcophagus of Prince Cristoforo, Duke of Lolland (1344-63), older brother of Queen Margherita I Grave of dais and Kiersgaard E., Roskilde Cathedral, Roskilde 2004.       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/cathedral-of-roskilde-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Cathedral of Roskilde – Wikipedia"}}]}]