[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/chemical-synthesis-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/chemical-synthesis-wikipedia\/","headline":"Chemical synthesis – Wikipedia","name":"Chemical synthesis – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. after-content-x4 A chemical synthesis is a chain of chemical reactions that will be voluntarily","datePublished":"2018-12-27","dateModified":"2018-12-27","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/47\/Fischer_indole_reaction_scheme.svg\/400px-Fischer_indole_reaction_scheme.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/4\/47\/Fischer_indole_reaction_scheme.svg\/400px-Fischer_indole_reaction_scheme.svg.png","height":"86","width":"400"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/chemical-synthesis-wikipedia\/","wordCount":970,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4A chemical synthesis is a chain of chemical reactions that will be voluntarily implemented or not allowing obtaining one or more final products, sometimes with insulation of intermediate chemical compounds. Chemical syntheses can take place at all kinds of scales: from the research laboratory (of the gram or less) to the chemical industry (often in the order of the ton or more) or in nature (biosynthesis ). To synthesize a chemical compound is to obtain the latter from other compounds thanks to chemical reactions. The planning of the chain of reactions in order to maximize the effectiveness of the synthesis (number of stages, yield, simplicity of reactions, toxicological and environmental considerations) is the summary strategy .        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4 Organic chemistry is mainly a synthetic chemistry, we then speak of “organic synthesis”. Important synthetic aspects are also found in inorganic chemistry and polymers chemistry. THE reactive are the initial compounds necessary for the different stages of the synthesis. THE reaction products are synthesized chemical compounds. Total synthesis is the preparation of synthetic molecules from simple molecules and usually without resorting to biological processes. This is for example the case of the Mitoxantrone drug which is an anthoranedione produced by total synthesis. Hemisynthesis is the preparation of molecules from natural molecules already with part of the targeted molecule. Retrosynthesis is an approach allowing the planning of the synthesis of a complex molecule by decomposing iteratively the latter into simpler elements from which we can then reconstruct the latter by a reverse process. A synthesis can be selective. In the case of stereoselectivity, we speak of “asymmetrical synthesis”. The term “functional development” describes any reaction to modify one or more functional groups in a molecule, generally without indicating the details of the reaction (s) concerned, which are most often trivial or minor. Details are generally given elsewhere in the document.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4When we evoke a single chemical transformation which can be described by a more precise term (protection, deprotection, saponification, etc. ), the use of the generic term of “functional development” is strongly not recommended. Sampling Submission of substances (reactive; catalyst, possible solvent, etc. ) Depending on their characteristics (state, responsiveness, etc.) and the necessary quantities, for example: weighing by means of a balance, measurement of a volume using a graduated test tube. Synthesis proper  Diagram of a reflux assembly. Summary can be done under several conditions, often hot (heat acts as a catalyst). Experimentally, synthesis can be carried out in a reactor or in a reflux assembly; The latter helps heat the middle, therefore accelerate the reaction, and refrigerate vapors, which avoids losses due to evaporation. Product insulation The isolation makes it possible to separate the product sought, to synthesize, from other products such as the remains of reagents, the other products, the possible catalyst. This isolation is done differently depending on the type of product sought. In the case of liquid-liquid extraction, solvent extraction is made in a bulb to be settling. In the case of liquid-solid extraction, filtration is carried out on B\u00fcchner (or vacuum filtration). Product purification Purification consists in eliminating the very small quantities (traces) of impurities contained in the gross product. For this, we can use recrystallization, fractional distillation … Identification (or analysis) of the product Product analysis makes it possible to determine its degree of purity and identify it with certainty. Important methods of analysis are:        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/chemical-synthesis-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Chemical synthesis – Wikipedia"}}]}]