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(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Guy Lemonnier, alias Claude Harmel (born in 1916 in Saint-Brieuc, died on the night of 14 at November 15, 2011 [ first ] ), is a teacher, a union and socialist activist, a French collaborationist journalist and activist, who became after the Second World War and the purification a specialist in unionism and an anti -Communist activist, under his pseudonym. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Guy Lemonnier, son of teachers, is a state stock student and licensed in letters. He became a professor of letters at the Lyc\u00e9e de Brest from 1938. He was the son-in-law of the Freemason industrialist and Socialist Octave Brilleaud, mayor of Saint-Brieuc (1931-1940) and general councilor, who left in 1934 the SFIO for the Socialist Party of France-Union Jean Jaur\u00e8s then the Republican Socialist Union [ 2 ] . Socialist and pacifist activist, Guy Lemonnier is a member of socialist students from October 1934 [ 3 ] and secretary of socialist youths of the Rennes section in 1937 [ 4 ] . He joined socialist students and then to the SFIO from 1934 to 1939 [ 5 ] . According to the notice of Maitron , he joined the Socialist Party (SFIO) in January 1938 and was a member of the Rennes section then that of Brest [ 3 ] . He is also a member of left-wing organizations such as the vigilance committee for anti-fascist intellectuals, the Rennes committee of the secular inns of youth, free thought [ 6 ] , [ 3 ] . He is also a member of the Syndicate of Secondary Education Staff (SPES), affiliated to the CGT [ 3 ] . He is a part within the CGT of the trend Unions , anti -communist, grouped around Ren\u00e9 Belin [ 7 ] . On the eve of the Second World War, he supported in the SFIO Federation of Finist\u00e8re the motion of the ultra-pacifist trend “Recovery”, formed around Ludovic Zoretti and Maurice Deixonne [ 8 ] . He publishes in Socialist Breton Equally ultra-pacifist and anti-communist articles [ 9 ] . Under the occupation, he is appointed after his demobilization in October 1940 in Dinan, where he teaches at the college of this city [ ten ] . He joined the National Popular Popular Rally (RNP) of Marcel D\u00e9at, a collaborationist party, in March 1941 [ 11 ] , [ 3 ] or in 1943 [ twelfth ] . It was in the C\u00f4tes-du-Nord that he campaigned for this party, before joining his Parisian leadership from July 1943 to August 1944 [ 3 ] , [ 13 ] , [ 14 ] . He participates in December 1942 At the first Congress of the Union of Education (EU), the Association of RNP teachers, alongside Zoretti and Albertini [ 15 ] . According to Jean-Pierre Biondi, he is then seduced by the idea that “National Socialism rejected classical capitalism and sketched a form of pre-socialist society” [ 13 ] . He supports collaboration and calls for a national and socialist revolution in newspapers of the collaborationist left as L’Atelier , Germinal or The popular national (the RNP bulletin, in which he collaborates from November 1943 , signing 21 articles there) [ 16 ] . He became the assistant of Georges Albertini, secretary general, n \u00b0 2 of the RNP and true boss of this party. He is appointed administrative secretary of the RNP in July 1943 And de facto replaces Albertini when the latter became director of the cabinet of Marcel D\u00e9at, appointed Minister of Labor in the spring of 1944 [ 17 ] . He claimed to be Jean Jaur\u00e8s in 1944 in The work [ 18 ] , [ 19 ] . (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Arrested at the Liberation, in April 1945 [ 3 ] , he is imprisoned in the prison of Fresnes, revoked in teaching, sentenced in May 1947 at four [ 20 ] , [ 13 ] , [ 21 ] years in prison and national degradation for life by the Court of Justice of the Seine. However, he was released in November 1947 and amnesty in 1951 [ 13 ] . He took the pseudonym of Claude Harmel and became a specialist in unionism and communism. At the instigation of Albertini with whom he remained in close contact, he joined in April 1948 [ 3 ] The Economic and Social Design and Social Documentation Office (Bedes), founded by Paul Mathot, former CGT lawyer and chaired by the trade unionist Force Ouvri\u00e8re (FO) L\u00e9on Chevalme. He wrote his bulletin almost alone from his number 8, until 1953. Under the auspices of the Bedes, he participated with Albertini in other publications: Girouettes dictionary , European tribune of which he became the editor -in -chief from May 1950, under the pseudonym of Ren\u00e9 Milon. This periodical was the Bulletin of European Underships forces, founded by leaders of the FOI anti -communist union [ 22 ] , [ 23 ] . At the same time, he joined the anti -communist pharmacy of Georges Albertini, installed in 1951 at 86, boulevard Haussmann (seat of the archive center and Beipi , which broadcast information on the communist world) and becomes his right arm. He chaired the association of studies and information and international policy, founded in 1949 by Albertini, collaborated in 1949 in the International Political Studies and Information Bulletin ( Beipi ), which became in 1956 Is West . He is the publication director from 1961 to 1981. June 1951 coordinator of the whole team eighty six , he becomes the manager in June 1961 of the Center for Archives and Political and Social Documentation, made up of SARL of which he is one of the partners, alongside Albertini and \u00c9mile Roche [ 24 ] . He directs the blue leaf from the archive center, a weekly bulletin devoted to social and union issues [ 25 ] . He founded in January 1955 Another bulletin, Social and union studies , which he wrote almost alone until 1982. Anticommunist, he denounced in particular the informing of the CGT and other unions by the Communists [ 26 ] . After an interruption, this bulletin was again published from 1984, by Harmel and Bernard Vivier until 1992 [ 27 ] . He was also a member of the editorial committee for federalist and proeuropian journals Federation And The 20th century Federalist , of the movement The Federation of Andr\u00e9 Voisin, in relation to Albertini. In 1964, he animates a round table on “the Sino-Soviet conflict and French politics” [ 28 ] . He is also one of the two vice-presidents and one of the main animators of an ephemeral association, the association for the best social security (APMSS), founded in 1959 by Raymond Bernard, Maurrassian surgeon, and linked to a Employer association, the Center for Political and Civic Studies (CEPEC) by Georges Laederich, the other vice-president of the APMSS: this last association, which exists until 1962, advocates a reform of Social Security on a basis mutualist and anti -state. Harmel speaks in his periodical, Apparent , and writes letters and notes sent to parliamentarians [ 29 ] . This former socialist then participated in the foundation in 1966 of a neoliberal and employers’ group, the Association for Economic Freedom and Social Progress (Aleps), which he animates as secretary general until 1974 [ 30 ] , [ thirty first ] . In 1969, he founded and chaired the Higher Institute of Labor (IST) [ first ] , with in particular the Catholic economist Achille Dauphin-Meunier, dean of the Autonomous and Cogerated Faculty of Economy and Law, called FACO (Free Faculty of Law, Economy and Management (FACO Paris), where he teaches [ 32 ] . IST organizes training courses on history and labor law [ 33 ] . In 1974, he was publication director of France-Matin , a political leaflet taking the form of a newspaper in the same format as France-Soir , which, drawn to 2 million copies, announced the inevitable implementation of “rationing” if Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand were to be elected [ 14 ] . The ephemeral newspaper was suspected of being funded by the Union of Metallurgy Industries and Trades (UIMM) [ 34 ] . Claude Harmel became, from 1976 to 1983, the secretary general of the Institute of Social History (IHS), succeeding Boris Souvarine, another collaborator of Is West [ 35 ] . He published brochures hostile to the CGT and the PCF after the coming to power of Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand in 1981, but also a study on the CGT at the University Press of France, in the collection “What do I know? \u00bb\u00bb . On the death of Albertini in 1983, he became the chairman of the board of directors of the International Political Studies and Information Association, which published Is West , called New horizons In 1992, alongside Morvan Duhamel and Pierre Rigoulot. Harmel is the main source of Jean Montaldo, the polemicist in his work The unions’ mafia (dating from 1981). He was close to politicians Herv\u00e9 November and Alain Madelin, who described him as their “spiritual father” on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the Aleps. He had entrusted Herv\u00e9 Novelli, then still a student in Dauphine, the management of the IST library [ 14 ] . Madelin, who was the manager from 1973 to 1978 Social and union studies [ 36 ] , entrusts him with a chapter of the work he has published on the French liberal model, devoted to the relationships between the Liberals and the social question, which they did not ignore. 1944: Nation and patriotism (Signed Guy Lemonnier), editions of the Popular National Rally [ 37 ] 1949: History of anarchy, from origins to 1880 , Paris, Portulan, with Alain Sergent. Reissued in 1984 by Champ Libre editions, (ISBN\u00a0 2851841459 ) 1949: Letter to L\u00e9on Blum on socialism and peace , Paris, editions S.G.A.P., 224 p. 1949: The Communist Party and its doctrine , Bedes, 56 p. (under the pseudonym of Ren\u00e9 Milon) ( Read the start online ) 1962: African Marxism, Communism and Socialism , Edimpra, 65 p. ( Read the start online ) 1969: collaboration with Robert Aron (dir.), Contemporary history since 1945 , Larousse 1977, Liberalism and social question , Aleps, coll. Liberal arguments 1982: The General Confederation of Labor, 1947-1981 , PUF, coll. What do I know?, (ISBN\u00a0 2130375146 ) 1982: The Socialist Party: currents and conflicts , Social History Library, 70 p. 1982: How the Communist Party controls the C.G.T. , Social History Library, 94 p. (with Nicolas Tandler) 1983: The C.G.T. To conquer power: the example of Poissy , Social History Library, 95 p. 1995: Birth of the CGT The Limoges Congress, seventh national corporate congress, 23- September 28, 1895 , introduction and notes, special issue of Social History Notebooks , Institute of Social History \/ Albin Michel, 1995, 310 p. < (ISBN\u00a0 2-226-07855-X ) > 1997: Liberal thinking and social issues in Alain Madelin (dir.), To the sources of the French liberal model , Perrin Jaur\u00e8s notebooks 2012\/3, “in memory” “In Memoriam, Guy Lemonnier (1916-2011)” by Pierre Rigoulot, in History and freedom , n\u00b0 47, 2012 Pierre Rigoulot, Georges Albertini, socialist, collaborator, Gaullist , Perrin, 2012 Joseph Pinard, “from Hitlerism to union and social studies”, Thought , November-December 1993, p. 109-124 Biographical notice in The maitron : Read online Courier by Claude Harmel at World , 22 November 1992 \u2191 a et b “Claude Harmel, figure of anti -communism, founder of the Higher Labor Institute” , In The world dated November 29, 2011. \u2191 Christian Bougeard, Political forces in Brittany: notables, elected officials and activists, 1914-1946 , Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2011, p. 161 And p. 235 , Is West , Article d’Harmel , Joseph Pinard, op. cit., p. 117 (He evokes him the daughter of a deputy mayor of Saint-Brieuc who passed from SFIO socialism to the neo-socialists or shines was not a deputy). Another source falsely affirms that he is the son -in -law of Guy Le Normand, professor of German and responsible for the Federation of the SFIO of Finist\u00e8re: Fran\u00e7ois Prigent, Charles Foulon, a life of commitment (s) , p. 90 . \u2191 a b c d e f g and h Online maitron notice \u2191 ” In Memorial “, Jaur\u00e8s notebooks , 2012\/3 (Lemonnier remained subscribed to this review and claimed Jaur\u00e8s), Joseph Pinard, op. cit., p. 117 , Rachel Mazuy, “The” friends of the USSR “and the trip to the Soviet Union. The staging of a conversion (1933-1939) \u00bb In Politix. Political Social Sciences Review , 1992, volume 5, n\u00b0 18, p. 116. \u2191 “Political books. Some spare ideas \u00bb The world , December 06, 1992: “It is Mr. Morvan Duhamel, director of the Institute of Social History and the review New horizons , who told us that he never joined the Socialist Party, and not Mr. Claude Harmel, founder of the Social Labor Institute, who, he belonged to the socialist students and the SFIO from 1934 to 1939. We Let us apologize to the interested parties and our readers of this confusion committed by reporting the observations that MM. Duhamel and Harmel had addressed us about the book The Albertini file \u00bb (Corrigendum following the article The world , November 22, 1992, “Political books, supplements to the Albertini file” ). \u2191 Joseph Pinard, op. cit., p. 113 \u2191 Michel Dreyfus, G\u00e9rard Gautron, Jean-Louis Robert (and more particularly H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Roussel), The birth of workers’ force. Around Robert Bothereau , Rennes, Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2003. Reading sheet by Georges Ubbiali and Jean-Paul Salles, on the site of Dissenting editions . \u2191 Christian Bougeard, op. cit., p. 235 , Socialist Breton , n \u00b0 512, May 27, 1939, “Report of the Ch\u00e2teaulin Congress”, p. 13 , The popular , May 25, 1939 . The full name of the trend, formed in the fall of 1938, was recovery for the construction of socialism and peace. Georges Albertini also supports this motion. \u2191 Beno\u00eet Kermoal, Bretons, internationalists and Europeans? Breton socialists and the European idea to the aftermath of the Great War, Centuries , 41\/2015, note 75 , Socialist Breton , edition of the Brest region, May 13, 1939, Guy Lemonnier, “For a peace policy”, p. 8 , Ibid., August 26, 1939, G. Lemonnier, “The means of peace”, p. 8 \u2191 Christian Bougeard, op. cit., p. 235 \u2191 Dawn , May 21, 1947 \u2191 Pierre Rigoulot, Georges Albertini, socialist, collaborator, Gaullist , Perrin, 2012, p. 17 \u2191 A B C and D Maurice Lucas, Socialists in Finist\u00e8re (1905-2005) , Apog\u00e9e, 2005, p. 148 (In September 1943 according to this author), Jean-Pierre Biondi, The scrum of pacifists, 1914-1945 , Maisonneuve & Larose, 2000, p. 124 . \u2191 A B and C “November attack France 3 for having mentioned its political past” , on Rue89 , 22 mars 2009. \u2191 Pierre Rigottot, open. CIT., p. 104 \u2191 Jaur\u00e8s notebooks 2012\/3 in memory , Joseph Pinard, op. cit., p. 117 \u2191 Pierre Rigottot, open. CIT., p. 17 \u2191 The work , July 31, 1944 \u2191 Guillaume Pollack, An improbable memory: Jaur\u00e8s under the Occupation (1940 – 1944) , in the Jaur\u00e8s notebooks , 2014\/1, n\u00b0 211 \u2191 Combat , May 21, 1947 , Dawn , May 21, 1947 \u2191 At three years according to Pierre Rigoulot, op. cit., p. 17 \u2191 Pierre Rigottot, open. CIT., p. 215-216 \u2191 Jean-Louis Robert (you.), The birth of Force Ouvri\u00e8re: Around Robert Bothereau , Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2015, p. 238 : Read online \u2191 Pierre Rigottot, open. Cit., p. 207, 233-235 \u2191 Pierre Rigottot, open. CIT., p. 240 \u2191 See the analysis of the bulletin by Joseph Pinard, supra \u2191 Joseph Pinard, op. cit., p. 121 . Vivier was formed by the Free Faculty of Law, Economics and Management (FACO Paris) during the 1970s; He was the editor -in -chief of Faco-flash . He currently chairs the Higher Labor Institute. \u2191 Round table of May 13, 1964 \u2191 “The National Association for the Best Social Security wants to cause awareness of opinion”, The world , July 10, 1959 (Press conference by Raymond Bernard, Victor Berger-Vachon, president of the association, university vice-president of CEPEC, Harmel and Hyacinthe Dubreuil, Apparent , n \u00b0 6, September 1961 \u2191 Kevin Brooks, “Dissemination and transformation of neoliberalism into France from the 1960s to the 1980s. Aleps and new economists”, Master’s thesis from the Grenoble IEP, 2012 , \u2191 The world , 10\/22\/1969, “The week of liberal thought: shareholding must be exercised outside the company”, ibid., 28\/11\/1973 \u2191 In the 1970s, he taught the history of economic facts in the first year, with Georges Lefranc \u2191 Pierre Rigottot, open. Cit., p. 239 \u2191 Liberation, “the UIMM, the investigation which goes to the right”, 31\/1\/2008 \u2191 The Social History Institute , presentation page. \u2191 Joseph Pinard, op. cit., p. 114 \u2191 Conference made at the Camp of the executives of the J.N.P., Saint-Ouen-l’Aum\u00f4ne, June 14, 1943; Bibliographic notice on the general catalog of the BNF. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/claude-harmel-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Claude Harmel \u2014 Wikipedia"}}]}]