Clos Bruneau – Wikipedia

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The Clos Bruneau is a former toponym delimiting a Parisian district located in the 5 It is arrondissement disappeared in 1855.

There were two different clos of this name: one, a place occupied since by the Luxembourg Palace; The other, near Judas Street: pseudonym of that of Clos-Bruneau, whose name was also worn by rue Jean-de-Beauvais very frequented by students.

In the Middle Ages, the Clos Bruneau, also called “Clos Brunel” was, as the name of Clos indicates, a Parisian vineyard located in the current district of the Sorbonne, on a plot of cultivated land dependent on the Sainte Abbey -Geneviève and chapter Saint-Marcel.

It was delimited by:

He understood:

At XVI It is A century, this district became the exclusive district of booksellers and printers, overflowing a little on rue Saint-Jacques.

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Vineyard [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The Clos Bruneau vineyard belonged to the bishop of Paris. He was given in 1101 to the religious of the Sainte-Geneviève abbey for the parish of the Saint-Étienne-du-Mont church, in exchange for the parish of Sainte-Geneviève-des-Ardents.

His name comes from an old closedy of vines which would have belonged to a certain “bruneau”, called, in all the old titles, Locked brunelli , clos Burniau, Brunel & Bruneau , Clos Burnel , through which rue Jean-de-Beauvais, called rue du Clos-Bruneau, and rue Saint-Hilaire or rue du Puits-Cétain were pierced: “The little and riding rue des Carmes, pierced around 1250, first bore the name of Clos-Bruneau, on which she had opened; But, during the advent of the Valois dynasty, it was called rue Saint-Hilaire, because it resulted in the church placed under this invocation. Les Grands Carmes, also called the Carmelites of Place Maubert, were established there in 1318. ” [Ref. necessary]

According to others, his name comes “From its stony territory, or perre like that of these paths called the brown roads , and that, for a few centuries, we have been advised to write Brunehauld » [ n 1 ] .

In 1313, the size of Paris indicated two taverns, the stone tavern the page in the Brunel enclosure; And in Dextre, (right), Renaud the other tavernier, a nattier, a savetier, and a tailor of dresses, Geoffroy the English, then the woman Thomasse, widow of the late Brissaut.

Les Hospitaliers: the church and the Saint-Jean-de-Latran hospital [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

At XI It is century was founded in this clos, rue de Latran, the Hospital Priory of Saint-Jean de Latran which included a tower housing pilgrims en route to Jerusalem and a parish church served by three conventual monks [ n 2 ] , [ first ] . They also had houses of which they perceived rents, such as the house in the Saint Martin image, near the horse-Rouge, rue du Clos Bruneau, or that, at XV It is century from Henri Estienne who paid rent to order, for his house called Corbeil schools , with the image of Saint John the Baptist. This house, a member of the Petit-Corbeil had been built by a commander of the order, Gilbert Ponchet, known as Gilbert de Corbeil, born in Corbeil, who was a doctor in law [ 2 ] .

Lordship of Saint-Marcel: Life of the inhabitants [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The Clos Bruneau depended on the lordship of the Saint-Marcel chapter, who owned part of the clos and had the right to appoint the cure of the parish church of Saint-Hilaire in 1200 [ 3 ] .

There was a “crossroads of Clos-Bruneau” there, a sort of charter, Frommentel, Lanneau and Jean de Beauvais streets near a well dried by Robert certain, parish priest of Saint-Hilaire and rector of Sainte-Barbe in 1570.

At XVII It is century, in 1669, near the Certain, at n O 16 of the current rue de Lanneau, was a pastry very famous for its “calf heads”, pieces and brioches: it disappeared in May 1898.

Rue des Sept-Voies [ n 3 ] , which goes from the Saint-Hilaire crossroads to the Sainte-Geneviève cloister, previously passed to the walls of the city; In 1380, she only went to the walls of the Saint-Victor Abbaye gardens.

The Saint-Hilaire parish: The church extended to the rue d’Ecosse, or rue du Chaudron, had a cemetery where many booksellers and printers were buried, and a presbytery. On the left, there was a narrow and steep alley, an old main path of Clos Bruneau, which was later named Jusseline , then impasse Bouvart [ 4 ] . The houses that bordered it had their entry on the other streets.

In a concordat spent in 1222 between the king, the bishop and the chapter of Notre-Dame, Philippe Auguste declared that the trafficking of bread and wine belonged to him in the Clos Bruneau of Mont Saint-Hilaire.

In 1367 an order “Injoin to all girls dissolved to remain only in rue du Froidmantel, near Clos Bruneau in the Robert court” [Ref. necessary] .

Faculty of Law [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Schools and universities in law [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

A Canon Law School [ n 4 ] , Closed Brunello University of Paris , founded in 1384 by Gilbert and Philippe Ponce settled there at XIV It is century, hence its name Street schools with decrees . Then, in 1370, the college of Beauvais was founded there (he had Saint François Xavier, Nicolas Boileau and many others for students), thanks to the purchase of houses Images A you Bed [ 5 ] . We met on rue du Clos Bruneau, on the right, the colleges of Presles and Dormans-Beauvais. Then the old decree schools (we read the decrees) [ 6 ] one of which was opposite on the left side. Laon college moved to rue du Clos-Bruneau then, in 1340, in the house at the Lion d’Or [ n 5 ] .

Colleges [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Book professions: booksellers and printers [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

THE Odes de Ronsard, printed at Clos Bruneau, at Gabriel Buon at the Saint Claude brand, in 1560.

The booksellers, printers and bookbinders abounded in the Clos Bruneau district: there have been countless testamentary acts, rental contracts, wedding contracts. The houses of Clos Bruneau were rented, or transmitted by testamentary, from booksellers to booksellers, throughout the XVI It is century. They always have a brand, often that of a patron saint, sometimes a motto, and have picturesque names.

Many bookstores and printers such as, Cerf horn house , rue des Sept-Voyes, or, rue d’Ecosse, At La Corne-de-Daim [ n 6 ] .

Some names and printer marks:

  • Worksheet Brumennij in Closed Brunello, Paris (Paris) 1564
  • in the Saint-Claude , rented by Maurice de la Porte from 1522
  • at the Chartreux Food in a closed Brunello a Maurice de la Porte , 1534, SA Mort at 1548, The barire company by SA IVE: Catherine L-Wheened, Muuvras de Ronsard, with Folastries , seized and burned by justice in the spring of 1553. Then it was Claude Buon who resumed the case and who signed a contract with Ronsard.
  • Claude Micard, at Clos Bruneau to the Chair Brand (1576)
  • Printed in the closed Brunllo, under the sign of the British, at the widow of Maurice à door
  • In the closed Brunello, under the famous Divine Claudius (1549)
  • From the workshop of Gabriel Buon, to the D.Claudij sign (1564)
  • Prigent to Calculas, to the twin Cyppas (1548)

But also :

  • At Clos Bruneau to the Gargouille brand
  • At the widow Guillaume Le Bret
  • Jean Brémond, printer, Wild Livet Brand
  • Jean Crespin, bookseller, at the corner of Coqueret college
  • François Estienne at The shield of France , at the crossroads of Clos Bruneau
  • Nicolas Baith, bookseller, in the house like Saint Catherine
  • Jean Garnier, between the Maison de la Rose-Blanche and La Hure-de-Sanglier
  • to the Cerf horn overlooking Saint-Jacques Street
  • Maurice de la Porte, in a house belonging to the Chartreux
  • In the image of Saint Claude, Thomas Regnard Libraire, rue Fromentel
  • In the Estoille brand, Jean Macé who buys a house like Notre-Dame, at the corner of rue Jousseline
  • Like the olive tree, Jean lessor, resident Clos Bruneau
  • “Near the three-crissions” or “to the beautiful flower”
  • Antoine Mirault, rue des seven ways, to the brand of Saint-Pierre
  • Guillaume Mondet Mestre du Cauldron, rue du Chaudron (rue d’écosse, college of Carembert, college of Reims, former college of Thou) for a rent of 50 golden gold
  • Toussaint Pillehoste, living in the Rose-Rouge brand
  • Jean Tuffé, Pierre Plané, Simon de Sommomille, bookbinder, gilding and bookseller, at the cross-white rue des Sept-Voies
  • Jean Savetier, in Maison-Rouge, rue des Carmes
  • Jacques Roussin, Pie-en-Cage brand, rue Saint Jacques
  • The House of the Angel and the Maison de la Couronne, former “gold mortar”
  • chicheface
  • , etc. [ 7 ] .

So settled in front of the University of Canon Law, a few meters from the Beauvais college, Robert Estienne, son of Henri Estienne installed in 1503 against the University of Decrees, and whose printing was directed after his death by Simon de Colines. Henri Estienne would have had Saint John the Baptist as a sign in the Corbeil house , rabbits, In the workshop cunicutorum [ 8 ] and an olive tree engraved in stone, with the motto more oil than wine appearing on his books, (Robert Estienne Don’t be a high taste [ 9 ] ). Some books by François Estienne bear the registration, the last in particular, of 1548, of his indicated home, Franciscus Stephanus, “at Clos-Bruneau, with the Law School”, In the Closure-Brunello, under the shield of France .

Rue des Sept-Voies, in 1571, it was sixteen inhabitants of the book profession “To the donation of 300,000 pounds” : Claude Mabille, Jacques Moustier, Jacques Nicole (bookstore “Au Pot-à-Moineaux”), Jean (Jacques) Coqueret, Estienne Vallet (bookseller “à la Bible d’Or”), Roland Charpentier, Julien Maizières, (Maissières) and Hubert de Labaye, bondese, Olivier Darsy (printer “Corne-de-Cerf”), Benoît Regnault, Jean Braconnier Printer (court “d’Albret”), Nicolas Souillard (bookseller “at the college”), Henri Labbé (Le Bé ) (Librairie “Au Griffon d’Argen”), Jean Le Bouc (bookstore “à la diligence”), Jean February (bookseller “near the king’s college”).

There is also in this street: a butcher, a Arbalestrier, a pastry chef (“with the gold bible”), a study, a locksmith. The pastry chef Beguin Berthon is the most taxed: 100 floors.

Features [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

A medieval fabliau, The said of the streets of Paris de Guillot de Paris mentions it:

“Contrary is rue Judas
Then rue du Petit-Four,
This is the grandson:
Saint ylaire, and then Closes of Burns …
Ou l’O on to speak Maint Bruliau [ 11 ] »

  • A cesspool: at that time the street was deemed dirty, due to the rags left by printers, and transformed because of this into a place of ease, to which Rabelais alludes to in Pantagruel [ n 7 ] .
  • Clos Bruneau wines were renowned in the Middle Ages. Elogious mention is mentioned in a cartulary of Saint Geneviève in 1202 [ twelfth ] In my restores queues from Garandande.

The opening of rue des écoles led to the removal of all the peers numbers of the old rue du Clos-Bruneau.

At XIX It is A century, on the eve of the drilling of the rue des écoles by the Insanubre Housing Commission, the district is still as unhealthy. Paper manufacturers throw their rags into the Jean de Lateran cloister who has become a cesspool, which communicates with rue Jean-de-Beauvais by a tiny alley. The destitute are extremely numerous, taking refuge on the Sainte-Geneviève mountain during the works of Grand Paris. Clos Bruneau is occupied by ragpickers [ 13 ] , wandering musicians, monkeys and animal showers, puppet manufacturers: sculptors, dressing and shores. Savoyards are very numerous [ n 8 ] .

In 1855, a municipal decree suppressed the streets of Cloître-Saint-Benoît, Frommentel-Saint-Hilaire, Four, Scotland and Chartière, Clos-Bruneau, Mulberry, Bon-Puits, Versailles, Cloître -Des-Bernardins, Place-des-Veaux, rue des Noyers, and Impasse Bouvart, but thirteen street streets, including rue Jean-de-Beauvais and rue des Carmes, will be extended [ 14 ] .

  1. ↑ These brunette paths, brown roads, were called so because, made of brownish stones, they cut on the whiteness of the paved roads, quoted in Heinrich Ludwig Meding, Paris medical topography test .
  2. ↑ In March 1221, brother Haimard, treasurer and perhaps commander, appeared at the court of the king, in an act relating to a procedure initiated against the bishop of Paris, about the Clos Bruneau cf.templiers.net VII-TRESORIERS OF THE TEMPLE OF PARIS
  3. ↑ Spelled Savoy In an ancient poem, she would have had vines: the cartulary of Sainte-Geneviève, in the year 885 we said sept-vessels: he was talked about two arpents of vineyards located in the Septemvias , and four other situas in S. Symphorianum
  4. ↑ That is to say three to five groups of law grouped.
  5. ↑ In May 1328 died Gui de Laon, and disputes were raised between the college and the succession of Cardinal de Bruges, whose deceased was the administrator. Gérard de Montaigu, another lawyer for the king, canon of Paris and Reims, executor of the last wishes of the treasurer of the Holy Chapelle, determines a transaction; Then he perfect the work of the founder, by providing the community of the Hôtel du Lion-d’Or, which he lives in, rue Saint-Hilaire, near the college of Dace, of which everything is not sold by the Carmes at Laon scholarship holders. Montaigu also gives 300 pounds to the religious lords of Sainte-Geneviève, to allow the transfer of schoolchildren to the Hôtel du Lion-d’Or, a displacement which took place in ceremonies on October 8, 1340, with the approval of Roger d’Armagnac, bishop of Laon, in Charles Lefeuve, History of Paris Rue by rue, house by house , 1875.
  6. ↑ Pierre de Maigny, bookseller, At La Corne-de-Daim , or Paris, at Michel Gadouleau, residing at Clos Bruneau at the sign of the Deer horn , also called to the brand of King David , or House of M gr Hip .
  7. ↑ We also know that the university, attentive to preserving the cleanliness and sanitation of the district it lived, obtained a stop of the parliament against the butchers of the Sainte-Geneviève mountain, which infects it by their filth.
  8. ↑ Which suggests that there was a street in Savoy in the Middle Ages.
  1. ↑ Physical, civil and moral history of Paris , Dulaure
  2. ↑ Mannier [1872) p. 65
  3. ↑ The church disappeared under the Revolution, sold on 18 fructidor year III [first] Church of Saint-Hilaire dependent on Saint-Marcel Abbé Lebeuf History of the city and the whole diocese of Paris , Volume 2 by LebeFet Historical and picturesque painting of Paris from the Gauls… , Volumes 2-3 match John (St. Victor)
  4. ↑ (1380), Longue-Allée, Le Cul-de-Sac Josselin , Jousselin , or Jusseline (1539) Ruelle Saint Hilaire, now Impasse Bouvart , perhaps because of the Beef (Impasse of oxen) Not very distant (the butchers of the Sainte-Geneviève mountain put their oxen in the two places) or rue Saint-Hilaire did not yet be among the streets of Paris at XIII It is century after Alexis-Hubert Jaillot, Historical and picturesque painting of Paris: from the Gauls . Volumes 2-3 match John (of St-Victor)
  5. ↑ Epitaphor for old Paris Charter .
  6. ↑ Source : Bulletin , Volume 3 by France. Committee of the language, history and arts of France .
  7. ↑ Philippe Renouard, Documents on printers, booksellers, carties, engravers, founders of letters, bookbinders, books of books, faisers of clasps, illuminators, parchments and stationers who exercised in Paris from 1450 to 1600. Collected in the national archives and in the department of manuscripts of the National Library , 1901.
  8. ↑ This indication is found in reprint that the partners made, in 1502, of the same work of Lefèvre d’Etaples Grand Universal Dictionary of XIX It is century: French, historical, geographic
  9. ↑ André Saglio, Jacques Drésa, Houses of famous men .
  10. ↑ P. L. Jacob, Édouard Fournier, Ferdinand Séré, History of printing and arts and professions .
  11. ↑ Hereby begins the “said of the streets of Paris” , in Fabliaux and tales of poets François des XI It is century, XII It is century, XIII It is century, XIV It is century and XV It is century , by Dominique Martin Méon, page 244: The vines that there have been an opportunity to burn well from the branch and the stages. In fact, Maubert is very close.
  12. ↑ Folio 59 – The vineyon Brunella
  13. ↑ Louis-Adolphe Turpin, The ragpickers of Paris .
  14. ↑ Collection of patent letters, royal ordinances, decrees and decrees .

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  • A. Privat d’Anglemont, “Le Cloître Saint-Jean de Lateran”, “Le camp des Barbares de Paris” and “Rue Traversine” and “rue du Clos-Bruneau”, in Unknown Paris , 1886 ( on line ).
  • Father Lebeuf, Hippolyte Cocheris, History of the city and the whole diocese of Paris ( on line ).
  • Cécile Fabris, Study and live in Paris in the Middle Ages , Paris, School of Charters, 2005 ( online extract ).
  • Eugene mannier, The commandery of the Grand Priory of France according to the unpublished documents kept in the National Archives in Paris , Paris, ( read online )

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