Dyle (Department) – Wikipedia

The Should is a former French department founded in 1795 by the First Republic after the French Revolution and the annexation of the Austrian Netherlands, in the same way as the other eight Departments gathered . He disappeared after the end of the first empire and the creation of the United Kingdom in the Netherlands, from which he became a province in 1815.

His capital was Brussels. It takes its name from the river which crosses it: the dyle.

He is assigned the Number 94 in the list of 130 French departments of 1811 by postal administration ^{[ first ]} .

Creation [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

After the victory of the revolutionary troops of the First French Republic over the coalition troops, in particular of the Holy Roman Empire (to whom these territories belonged), during the Battle of Fleurus Le June 26, 1794 , the French occupy the Austrian Netherlands and the Principality of Liège. These territories are officially annexed and attached to the young Republic during the National Convention on the 9 Vendémiaire in the IV, the first ^is October 1795 . They are then reorganized in nine departments called the Departments gathered , of which is part of the dyle. It comes from the sharing in two of the southern part of the former Duchy of Brabant: the first part, to the north, becoming the department of Deux-Nèthes with chief town and the second part, to the south, becoming that of the dyle, named after the river that crosses it. His capital is Brussels.

Historical evolution [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

After his defeat during the French campaign, Napoleon I was forced to abdicate the first time in April 1814. The territories of the first empire were then dissolved and the borders of France were fixed by the Treaty of Paris, signed the May 30, 1814 . This treaty was to serve as the basis for the future reorganization of post-Napoleonic Europe, but Napoleon returns during the episode of the Hundred Days, then was definitively beaten during the battle of Waterloo the June 18, 1815 . The first empire is then definitively dismembered and a new state was created by the Vienna Congress the same year: the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. The Dyle department then became the province of Brabant-Meridional.

In July 1830 the Belgian Revolution, which caused the independence of Belgium, broke out October 4, 1830 . The province then became the province of Brabant, one of the nine provinces of the new kingdom. However, after the fourth reform of the Belgian state, the province is split and ceases to exist the first ^is January 1995 .

Currently, the former Dyle department corresponds to the territories of the provinces of Flemish Brabant, Walloon Brabant and the Brussels-Capital Region.

The department is created on first ^is October 1795 ^{[ 2 ]} . Initially composed of thirty-eight cantons ^{[ 3 ]} , it is brought back to thirty cantons (justices of peace) by the decree of 19 Nivôt and X ( January 9, 1802 ) and cut into three districts ^{[ 4 ]} :

• Brussels district
  • Cantons of: Anderlecht, Assche, Brussels-1, Brussels-2, Brussels-3, Brussels-4, Halle, La Hulpe, Lennick-Saint-Martin, Uccle, Vilvorde, Woluwe-Saint-Étienne, Wolverthem.
• Louvain district
• Nivelles district

The first civil servant appointed prefect of the dyle is Charles François Luce Didelot, but his appointment remains without follow -up. The first prefect installed is Louis-Gustave Doulcet de Pontécoulant.

Letter of 1803 with linear postal brand 94 Brussels.

The conquered departments are subject to the same administrative rules as the other French departments. In postal treatments, linear postal marks with department number are therefore naturally used.

In this context, the dyle is assigned the department number 94, and the letters sent from Brussels receive the cachet “94 Brussels” ^{[ 5 ]} .

Cities with post offices use such brands, and for example: ASSE (with Assche spelling), Diest, Genappe, Hal, Louvain, Nivelles, Tirlemont, Tubize (under Tubise spelling), Vilvorde, Waterloo , Wavre.

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

• Charles Oudiette, Geographic and topographic dictionary of the thirteen departments that made up the Austrian Netherlands, Pays de Liège and Stavelot, […] , part.1 : Description of the nine departments of the above Belgium , Paris : impr. Cramer, an XII [first]

Related articles [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Notes and references [ modifier | Modifier and code ]