Editorialization – Wikipedia

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L’ editorialization designates all of the operations of structuring , of accessibility and of visibility content on the web, and more broadly in the digital environment [ first ] .

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Characterized as a continuous process (time) and open (space) [ first ] , the concept of editorialization underlines the processes of production, dissemination and validation of knowledge specific to the digital environment. It therefore constitutes “a very useful theoretical tool for understanding practices that are similar to publishing by changing the meaning of the editorial function and its actors” (p. 77) [ 2 ] .

In relation to edition, editorialization is distinguished by technical change, the change of the editorial object and the open character of the process of editorialization [ 2 ] . It is a key concept in understanding digital culture and the epistemological turning point that it implies in the cultural field in the broad sense, and not only in the digital sphere [ 3 ] . Editorialization is therefore at the heart of issues linked to our society in full technological evolution and can change our way of designing the digital space.

Historical accepting editorialization [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Although the term editorialization appeared in the French -speaking scientific community in the early 2000s [ 2 ] , he is at first glance English. You should know that the two terms have two different meanings. “Editorialization”, which is a derivative of the English -speaking term “editorialize”, means ” to express an opinion in the form of an editorial [ 4 ] ». While in French, this term has acquired a much more global sense over its jobs, particularly in relation to digital culture and new forms of knowledge production [ 5 ] . Although the term has derived, it “retains a close link with the notion of opinion in that it refers to the production of content which express a kind of opinion or, even, which offer a way of seeing and ‘Interpret the world [ 5 ] ».

From a theoretical point of view, the concept is linked to the concept of “editorial enunciation” proposed by Souchier (1998) to describe “what the text can exist materially, socially, culturally … in the eyes of the reader [ 6 ] ». There is a semiological and sociological point of view.

“From a semiological point of view, the editorial enunciation is based on two characteristics: the plurality of the bodies involved in the constitution and mediation of a text (author, editor, media, etc.) and the process of concealing marks of editorial enunciation through what Souchier describes the “image of the text”, that is to say “a ban on meaning and form […] which actively participates in the development of texts” ( p. 138 ) [ 7 ] . The editorial enunciation thus forms a “second text” insofar as “the signifier is not constituted by the words of the language (” first text “), but by the materiality of the support and the writing, the text organization, its formatting [ 7 ] ». This concept makes it possible to understand “the image of the text” as the result of an overall process: intentions during creation and formatting (role of the editor in writing) to the influence of the imprint of the materiality of supports on uses and practices (the role of publisher in reading) [ 8 ] ».

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From a sociological point of view: “[L] ‘editorial statement is the result of a determined social process,” which remains largely invisible to the public, but which can nevertheless be apprehended through the brand imprinted by practices of trades constituent of the development, constitution or circulation of texts “” ( p. 6 ) [ 6 ] . It testifies to power games and social practices, in addition to production constraints – technical, aesthetic and financial – at the time of establishing texts [ 8 ] .

The term “editorialization” as such was first defined by Peyrelong and Guyot with regard to pre-digital editorial activity. Editorialization must study “how a [digital] document is born (is produced), how it circulates, in relation to the action of individuals, and the organization itself” (p.1) [ 9 ] .

The term “editorialization” was then used in 2007 by Bruno Bachimont who defines it as “the process of enlisting resources to integrate them into a new publication [ 8 ] ». Considering it as an exploitation of content based on information search, but not limiting itself, Bruno Bachimont insists that editorialization is an adaptation to the digital environment of preexisting content. In other words, for Bachimont, the editorialization designates the transition from the non -digital document to the digital document, with the adaptation that this passage supposes [ 8 ] .

The same year, registering in the tradition of revitalizing research on the document, Manuel Zacklad defines editorialization as a particular type of documentarization [ ten ] . Documentarization consists according to him to provide “the support of specific attributes allowing to facilitate (i) their management among other supports, (ii) their physical manipulation, condition of semantic navigation within the semiotic content and finally , (iii) the orientation of the receivers [ 11 ] ».

Documentarization can be a sophisticated division of labor, in a traditional environment as in a web environment, which contains different stages: auctorial documentarization (author’s work on support to give it internal consistency), editorial (registration in a genre and a collection), diffusional (aimed at facilitating hardware access) and appropriation (produced by readers). In this typology, editorialization is therefore a type of documentarization aimed at giving consistency to several documents as part of a collection, a portal, a website, a blog. It is also increasingly implemented by new actors (eg, the community manager ).

It is by registering in the perspective initiated by Bachimont that from 2008, the laboratory on new forms of editorialization at the Maison des Sciences de l’Homme Nord – MSH Paris Nord [ twelfth ] widens the concept with natively digital content [ 13 ] .

Since 2008, the concept of editorialization has been largely theorized within French -speaking research, in particular thanks to the seminar ” Digital writings and editorialization »Founded in 2008 by Marcello Vital-Rosati, Gérard Wormser, Nicolas Sauret and Anne-Laure Brisac [ 5 ] And joined in 2015 by a team from the Dicen-IDF laboratory led by Louise Merzeau.

In 2010, Dacos and Mounier redefined editorialization as “the valuation of a corpus by the selection of texts, by the implementation of collections, by the establishment of thematic index, by the regular implementation of editorial focus Depending on the type of audience [ 14 ] ». This definition brought the editorialization of content curation closer.

In , Jérôme Valluy identified in a Selective bibliography Seventy university publications explicitly dealing with the concept. Valluy indicates, however, that all of these works are not so representative of the subject in his exhaustiveness or themes, objects of study and approaches deployed when we approach the question of editorialization [ 15 ] .

In 2018, EPRON and VITALI -ROSATI designated as editorialization “all dynamics – that is to say the interactions of individual and collective actions with a particular digital environment – which produce and structure the digital space” (p. 63) [ 2 ] .

Processual [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Editorialization is open and continues in time and space [ 5 ] . In a dynamic of continuous movement, it is a series of actions having neither beginning nor ends thus making each act of unique editorialization particular and linked together without being able to precisely decide each chain of action [ 16 ] .

Performative [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Vital-Rosati reports “performativity [ 5 ] “Inherent in the idea of ​​editorialization. Since the digital environment goes beyond the framework of the web today, he affirms that the editorialization “tends to act on reality rather than represent it [ 5 ] ». In addition to this aspect, editorialization follows no diagram in particular, even if they are predefined, because it tends to bypass them by creating these own standards [ 16 ] .

Collective [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Implying several actors, it is also “collective” and thus complicates attempts to identify acts of editorialization perpetrated by a single individual, because these acts are all linked to each other [ 5 ] . Belonging neither to a person nor to a particular group, editorialization is not limited to the human community and is impossible without collective action although in the end, it does not necessarily produce an object common to each [ 16 ] .

Ontological [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Finally-because the digital environment now implies a web of objects (or a semantic web 3.0) where “it is no longer appropriate to separate discourse on the reality itself”-editorialization also has a “ontological” nature [ 5 ] . More specifically, editorialization is a way of producing reality rather than representing it and, since it is difficult to delimit each chain of actions from each act of editorialization, the combination of these acts brings the multiple nature of the ‘editorialization and, as a result, real [ 16 ] .

In the assessment article, “What is editorialization? », Marcello Vital-Rosati lists the various developments about the concept in the research industry. He proceeds by distinguishing the notion of other neighboring concepts.

Editorialization and curation of content [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Marcello Vital-Rosati accounts for the essential differences between editorialization and content curation, i.e .: “The action of finding, grouping, organizing and sharing the best and most relevant online content on a specific subject”.

Editorialization implies the process of cooking content. If “curation designates the action of a specific individual or a group of defined individuals, […] editorialization emphasizes how this action is structured by the characteristics of the environment [ 5 ] ». Editorialization designates a set of phenomena and processes which exceeds the framework of the tasks carried out by the content curators [ 17 ] Because it also points to the structure of the platforms, all the interactions that users and digital instances have.

“We could therefore say that the curation of content is one of the elements of the process of editorialization, while the latter designates the process in its entirety, taking into account all aspects of the production of content and the meaning that this content acquire in a culture [ 5 ] ».

Thus defined, editorialization seems to exceed on the one hand the concept of content curation, but also conventional editing or digital editing heard in the strict sense. It is exercised, not in the context of a clearly delimited publication, but in what Louise Merzeau defines following Manuel Zacklad [ 18 ] as an “environment-support [ 19 ] “, Made of a plurality of spaces and devices, where a multitude of human or mechanical actors are involved, organized by an authority” pervasive “, Where connectivity replaces mastery.

Editorialization and edition [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The main difference between the concept of editing and that of editorialization is that the latter emphasizes technological devices that determine the context of content and its accessibility. In this way editorialization is producing meaning when it organizes the content and integrates it into a technical context, in a network of content, and values ​​it by contributing to its indexing. If publishing is a process delimited in time and space, editorialization is on the contrary an open and continuous process that cannot be circumscribed in space or time. The publishing players are finished and known in advance: the authors, the publishers and the entire editorial team. Once the book has been published, the publishing process is over. On the other hand, the editorialization process is open in space, because users can participate: recommendations, resumptions of content, comments are part of editorialization. In this process, it is not only a question of choosing, legitimizing, formulating and disseminating content, but also of thinking about all the techniques that we will use or create to do it, as well as than to circulation contexts produced by digital space [ 5 ] .

Editorialization is also characterized by a major change: “The mediation action represented by the editorial function has indeed extended to all kinds of objects. We no longer deal with content, we treat objects rather. It is not so much a question of structuring the information that we have on something, for example on a person, or on an object; Rather, it is a question of structuring the place that this thing occupies in the world: we editorialize things and not information on things [ 5 ] ».

There is not only a question of a tool difference, but also a cultural difference.

“[L] ‘editorialization is not our way of producing knowledge by using digital tools; It is our way of producing knowledge in the digital era, or better, in our digital society [ 5 ] ».

Editorialization and literature [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Editorialization necessarily brings changes in our relationships with literature: “The emergence of new technologies around writing and reading made possible a fundamental upheaval of the traditional novel, aesthetically closed narrative form, while preparing the way to an open form, the intertext [ 20 ] ». With each new technology, our relationships with the literature change: before Gutenberg’s invention, it was the copyists who were responsible for copying the texts by hand. With the invention of printing, we eliminate the constraints imposed by work by hand and thus allows the birth of the modern novel. In the case of editorialization, it breaks the barrier between the reader and the writer: the reader therefore becomes active, since he is involved in the literary creation process [ 20 ] . It also allows intertexuality, although it already existed but “[l] e printed, closed and materially inert novel in front of the reader, does not fit the intertextual method. In most cases, intertextual references are purely metaphorical and not metonymic [ 20 ] ». Editorialization creates a new narrative genre based on dialogue: intertex dialogism [ 20 ] .

Editorialization and authority [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Auctoriality or the status of author [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

According to the interpretation of Marcello Vital-Rosati, editorialization would now have replaced the principle of auctorialité [What ?] . Editorialization devices guarantee the validity of content by assuming the functions that were typically those of the author [ 21 ] . Actions therefore occur on the web, and the functions of editorialization perpetuate links between these actions, transforming them into meaning units [ 21 ] .

This substitution of auctoriality does not imply a disappearance of authority. Indeed, other forms of authority are put in place, such as authoritativeness , that is to say “the propensity for the authors to assert themselves authors outside the established authorities [ 22 ] “, Which integrate the characteristics of the editorialization process.

It is important here to note the difference between author and actor; When the individual acts on the net, he performs an action. He is therefore considered an actor. An action, as Marcello Vital-Rosati explains, is in real time, it only makes sense when it occurs. The person who wrote an article on a page is an actress at the very moment of writing, but is no longer once the text (action) is finished. The author, on the other hand, is present even when the actor is no longer there. It is present before and after action. The result of navigation in one page, the transition from one link to another, the route from one click to another, although considered as actions that the individual performs, because they have meaning That when someone acts, are good examples of the fact that the individual is certainly an actor of the action, but it is not the author. These actions “are only the re-presentation or re-production of the actions commanded by the author [ 21 ] ». Internet sites record our routes, make the link between the pages visited and the products sought to be able to offer them to another user through algorithmic work; A work that the Internet user has not accomplished, so he is not the author. “The author function, if it exists, would in this case be more linked to a gathering of actions than to their production [ 21 ] ». The publishing work offered by search engines is in no way neutral. Now what is visible then becomes legitimate and therefore credible. A search engine like Google “has acquired a legitimation power that exceeds any publishing house or any author” (p. 78) [ 2 ] .

Editorialization of different types of documents [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Electronic edition, a new form of production and distribution of knowledge [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Electronic edition has three dimensions: digitization, digital publishing and network editing. The first consists of the transformation of information entered on physical documents into digital information. The second only concerns native digital documents, therefore a publishing work on a digital medium from start to finish. The third is based on collaborative entries contributing to the development and improvement of content via the communication specific to the Internet. The latter being breaking with editorial practices prior to digital [ 23 ] .

We must distinguish the digital edition from the network edition. Digital publishing designates an editorial process carried out on a digital medium. As part of this process, the network only occurs in terms of the dissemination of content. In network publishing, on the contrary, it is the communication specific to the Internet which is at the heart of the editorial process. Wikipedia is the perfect example to illustrate the collaborative model of network publishing [ 23 ] .

Editorialization of images on the web, the mode of metadata and indexing [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Connected to the web, digital fragments and recomposes content in order to multiply the uses of the latter. In order to make it usable, the creation of content information is necessary. This creation then implies all a work of indexing and creation of metadata in the context of images, work related to editorialization in the sense that metadata represent “a structured set of data describing a resource such as book, article, article, article, article, article, article, article, article Image, video, audio document, etc. The metadata can be used for the description and the search for documents, for their preservation and the management of resource collections [ 24 ] ».

Indexing, on the other hand, is the process of a container hosting content. Bruno Bachimont defines it as “a structure establishing the relationship between the container structure (for example the separation of paragraph, the structure in titles and subtitles, etc.) and the structure of the content, that is to say of its meaning [ 8 ] ». This process makes it easy to find all the container structures related to the structure of the content materialized by only a keyword. The indexing of web images is done in two ways: we speak either of textual indexing, by metadata; Either of an image indexation, by their graphic content (shapes, colors, texture, etc.).

Editorialization of online videos, the “documentary value added” mode [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The editorialization of online videos supposes a valuation of content, namely, edit a well -referenced catalog, structure the funds of a site by themes, and contextualize audiovisual documents in an exhaustive manner thus animating a whole network. Indeed, a real use of content requires its editorialization, its contextualization and its added value. The added value, a concept developed by Jacques Chaumier and Eric Sutter, then makes it possible to structure the offer and therefore facilitate access to documents and respond to specific requests. Additions, links, educational files, ratings, personal comments, etc. can be added to this. [ 25 ]

  1. ↑ a et b Marcello Vital-Roses et Michaël E. Sinatra, « Introduction » , us and Michaël E. Sinatrat and Marcello Vitality, Digital publishing practices , Montreal, the University of Montreal presses, coll. “Digital courses”, , 219 p. (ISBN  978-2-7606-3203-5 , read online ) , p. 9
  2. ↑ A B C D and E Benoit epron and Marcello Vitali-rosati Edition in the digital age , Paris, La Découverte, coll. ” Landmarks ” ( n O 706), , 128 p. (ISBN  978-2-7071-9935-5 , read online )
  3. ↑ Valérie Carayol ( you. ) and franc delaying ( you. ), The digital turning point in human and social sciences , Pessac, publications of the House of Human Sciences of Aquitaine, coll. “Media”, , 132 p. (ISBN  978-2-85892-441-7 And 2858924414 )
  4. ↑ (in) ‘ Editorialize » (Online dictionary), on Merriam Webster (consulted the )
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l and m Marcello Vitali-Rosati ( trad. Servanne Monjour), ” What is editorialization? », Sens public , ( read online )
  6. ↑ a et b Yves Jeanneret and Emmanuël Souchier « Editorial enunciation in screen writings », Communication and Languages , n O 145, , p. 3–15 (ISSN  0336-1500 , DOI  10.3406/Colan.2005.3351 , read online , consulted the )
  7. ↑ a et b Emmanujë Haçis, ” The image of the text. For a theory of editorial enunciation », Cahiers de mediologie , 2 It is series, vol. 6, , p. 137-145 (DOI  10.3917/cdm.006.0137 , read online )
  8. ↑ A B C D and E Bruno Bachimont, chap. twelfth “New application trends: from indexing to editorialization” , in Patrick Gros, Multimedia indexing: Automatic description and research , Paris, Hermès Sciences, coll. “IC2 treaty, signal and image series”, , 330 p. (ISBN  9782746214927 , read online )
  9. ↑ Marie-France Peyrelong and Brigitte Guyot, “Some results for information sciences” , Dans M. Smiles et J. Lab came, Final report of the specific action (RTP Document [RTP 33]), University of Rouen, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), coll.  « CNRS Document et Organisation », , 134 p.
  10. ↑ Manuel Zacklad, « Participatory documentary space and governance (Press release in a congress), Congress of the European Regional Science Association (47th Congress) and ASRDLF (Regional Language Science Association
    French, 44th Congress)     , Paris,‎ (MATTER Hal-Sic_00202423 , read online )
  11. ↑ Manuel Zacklad, « Documentarization process in documents for action (DOPA): Status of associated cooperation annotations and technologies (new corrected version) “(Act of the conference” Digital: impact on the life cycle of the document for an interdisciplinary analysis “), ENSSIB , Montreal, (MATTER Hal-Sic_00001072 , read online )
  12. ↑ Founded in 2008 by Gérard Wormser and Marcello Vitali Rosati. See on this subject the page of “Digital and editorialization” seminars ” .
  13. ↑ The concept is defined by Michaël E. Sinatra and Marcello Vital-Rosati in Digital publishing practices , Montreal, Presses de l’Université de Montréal, coll. “Digital courses”, 2014, 219 p. Read online
  14. ↑ Marin Dacos and Pierre Mounier, chap.  III “Disprint of digital challenge” , In Electronic publishing , Paris, La Découverte, coll. ” Landmarks ” ( n O 549), , 128 p. (ISBN  9782707157294 , read online ) , p. 49-65
  15. ↑ Jérôme Valluy, ‘ Editorialisation » , on Terra-hn , Research and publication scientific network, : “After in-depth reading, this corpus seems to me especially interesting not to deal with the subject of editorialization in its multiple aspects (it would be very insufficient) but rather to answer the question” what are we talking about today when Are we talking about editorialization? ” »»
  16. ↑ A B C and D Marcello Vital-rosati « For a theory of editorialization », Digital humanities , n O 1, (ISSN  2736-2337 , DOI  10.4000 / Reviveth.371 , read online , consulted the )
  17. ↑ Véronique Mesguich, Julien Pierre, Camille Alloing, Gabriel Gallezot, Alexandre Serres, Richard Peirano, Fabrice Frossard, Christophe Deschamps, Michèle Battisti and Frédéric Martinet, ” The curator, this social animal in the information jungle », Information-science documentalist , vol. 49, n O 1 “challenges and dimensions”, , p. 24-45 (ISSN  0012-4508 , DOI  10.3917/Docs.491.0024 , read online )
  18. ↑ Manuel Zacklad, « Organization and architecture of knowledge in a context of documentary transmedia: the challenges of pervasiveness », Communication studies , vol. 39 “Knowledge organization: epistemology, theoretical and methodological approaches”, , p. 41-63 (DOI  10.4000/edc.4017 , read online )
  19. ↑ Louise Merzeau, «  Between event and document: towards the environment-support », The Notebooks of the French Society of Information and Communication Sciences (SFSIC) , n O 9, , p. 230-233 (ISSN  1959-6227 , read online )
  20. ↑ A B C and D Roberto Gac, «  Editorialization and literature », Sens public , ( read online )
  21. ↑ A B C and D Marcello Vitali-Rosati, « Author or actor of the web? », Philosophical implications , ( read online )
  22. ↑ Evelyne Broudoux, Philippe Bootz, Jean Clément, Sylvie Grésillaud, Hervé Le Crosnier, Véronika Lux-Pogodalla, Jean-Hugues Réty, Estrella Rojas and Geneviève Vidal, “Actoriality: production, reception and publication of digital documents” , in Roger T. Pédauque, Redocumentarization of the world , Toulouse, Cépaduès editions, ( first re ed. 2005) (ISBN  9782854287288 , MATTER hal-sic_00120699f , read online ) , p. 183-204
  23. ↑ a et b Pierre Mounier and Marin Dacos, ” Electronic edition », Communications , vol. first, n O 88, , p. 47-55 (DOI  10.3917/commu.088.0047 , read online )
  24. ↑ Arlette Boulogne, Marie-Berthe Jadoul, Claudine Masse, Dominique Ménillet and Hortensia Pappano, ” ADBS Audiovisual study day: Indexing of images and sounds: Has digital change the practices? », Information-science documentalist , vol. 43, n O 2, , p. 136-142 (DOI  10.3917/Docs.432.0136 , read online )
  25. ↑ François Nussmann, «  Plan for putting audiovisual resources online: the example of Crips Île-de-France ” (Memory), National Institute for CNAM Documentation Techniques , , p. 73-74 (MATTER hal-mem_00524637 , read online )

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Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

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  • Bruno Bachimont, chap. twelfth “New application trends: from indexing to editorialization” , in Patrick Gros, Multimedia indexing: Automatic description and research , Paris, Hermès Sciences, coll. “IC2 treaty, signal and image series”, , 330 p. (ISBN  9782746214927 , read online )
  • Arlette Boulogne, Marie-Berthe Jadoul, Claudine Masse, Dominique Ménillet and Hortensia Pappano, ” ADBS Audiovisual study day: Indexing of images and sounds: Has digital change the practices? », Information-science documentalist , vol. 43, n O 2, , p. 136-142 (DOI  10.3917/Docs.432.0136 , read online )
  • Evelyne Broudoux, Philippe Bootz, Jean Clément, Sylvie Grésillaud, Hervé Le Crosnier, Véronika Lux-Pogodalla, Jean-Hugues Réty, Estrella Rojas and Geneviève Vidal, “Actoriality: production, reception and publication of digital documents” , in Roger T. Pédauque, Redocumentarization of the world , Toulouse, Cépaduès editions, ( first re ed. 2005) (ISBN  9782854287288 , MATTER hal-sic_00120699f , read online ) , p. 183-204
  • Valérie Carayol ( you. ) and franc delaying ( you. ), The digital turning point in human and social sciences , Pessac, publications of the House of Human Sciences of Aquitaine, coll. “Media”, , 132 p. (ISBN  978-2-85892-441-7 And 2858924414 )
  • Marin Dacos and Pierre Mounier, chap.  III “Disprint of digital challenge” , In Electronic publishing , Paris, La Découverte, coll. ” Landmarks ” ( n O 549), , 128 p. (ISBN  9782707157294 , read online ) , p. 49-65
  • Benoit epron and Marcello Vitali-rosati Edition in the digital age , Paris, La Découverte, coll. ” Landmarks ” ( n O 706), , 128 p. (ISBN  978-2-7071-9935-5 , read online )
  • Roberto Gac, «  Editorialization and literature », Sens public , ( read online )
  • Yves Jeanneret and Emmanuël Souchier « Editorial enunciation in screen writings », Communication and Languages , n O 145, , p. 3–15 (ISSN  0336-1500 , DOI  10.3406/Colan.2005.3351 , read online , consulted the )
  • Louise Merzeau, «  Between event and document: towards the environment-support », The Notebooks of the French Society of Information and Communication Sciences (SFSIC) , n O 9, , p. 230-233 (ISSN  1959-6227 , read online )
  • Véronique Mesguich, Julien Pierre, Camille Alloing, Gabriel Gallezot, Alexandre Serres, Richard Peirano, Fabrice Frossard, Christophe Deschamps, Michèle Battisti and Frédéric Martinet, ” The curator, this social animal in the information jungle », Information-science documentalist , vol. 49, n O 1 “challenges and dimensions”, , p. 24-45 (ISSN  0012-4508 , DOI  10.3917/Docs.491.0024 , read online )
  • Pierre Mounier and Marin Dacos, ” Electronic edition », Communications , vol. first, n O 88, , p. 47-55 (DOI  10.3917/commu.088.0047 , read online )
  • François Nussmann, «  Plan for putting audiovisual resources online: the example of Crips Île-de-France ” (Memory), National Institute for CNAM Documentation Techniques , , p. 73-74 (MATTER hal-mem_00524637 , read online )
  • Marie-France Peyrelong and Brigitte Guyot, “Some results for information sciences” , Dans M. Smiles et J. Lab came, Final report of the specific action (RTP Document [RTP 33]), University of Rouen, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), coll.  « CNRS Document et Organisation », , 134 p.
  • Emmanujë Haçis, ” The image of the text. For a theory of editorial enunciation », Cahiers de mediologie , 2 It is series, vol. 6, , p. 137-145 (DOI  10.3917/cdm.006.0137 , read online ) .
  • Marcello Vitali-Rosati, « Author or actor of the web? », Philosophical implications , ( read online )
  • Marcello Vitali-Rosati ( trad. Servanne Monjour), ” What is editorialization? », Sens public , ( read online )
  • Marcello Vital-Roses et Michaël E. Sinatra, « Introduction » , us and Michaël E. Sinatrat and Marcello Vitality, Digital publishing practices , Montreal, the University of Montreal presses, coll. “Digital courses”, , 219 p. (ISBN  978-2-7606-3203-5 , read online )
  • Manuel Zacklad, « Documentarization process in documents for action (DOPA): Status of associated cooperation annotations and technologies (new corrected version) “(Act of the conference” Digital: impact on the life cycle of the document for an interdisciplinary analysis “), ENSSIB , Montreal, (MATTER Hal-Sic_00001072 , read online )
  • Manuel Zacklad, « Participatory documentary space and governance (Press release in a congress), Congress of the European Regional Science Association (47th Congress) and ASRDLF (Association of regional science of French language, 44th Congress) , Paris,‎ (MATTER Hal-Sic_00202423 , read online )
  • Manuel Zacklad, « Organization and architecture of knowledge in a context of documentary transmedia: the challenges of pervasiveness », Communication studies , vol. 39 “Knowledge organization: epistemology, theoretical and methodological approaches”, , p. 41-63 (DOI  10.4000/edc.4017 , read online )

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