Franz Eckert – Wikipedia
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Franz Eckert ( – ) [ first ] is a German musician who makes up the harmony of Japanese and Korean national hymns (of) .
Eckert was born in Nowa Ruda in Prussian Silesia. He is the son of a court official. He studied at the Conservatoire de Breslau and at the Royal Conservatory of Dresden, and specializes in military music in Neiße. He thus became a conductor of the Kaiserliche Marine in Wilhelmshaven, where he attracted the attention of the Japanese government in 1879.
Eckert is then invited to come and work in Japan as a foreign advisor to the Imperial Japanese navy. Eckert is a musical director of the Navy from 1879 to 1880. At the time, the navy needed a hymn because the officers were embarrassed not to be able to sing their own hymn during the ceremonies. The existing anthem was created by John William Fenton in 1869 [ 2 ] . Eckert rearranged the hymn with the Gregorian mode on the Western model, it makes the necessary modifications for a playability at sea, as well as a four -part arrangement. The new national anthem is played the first time at the Imperial Palace for the anniversary of the emperor Meiji the .
Between 1883 and 1886, he worked at the Ministry of Education in the musical field and more particularly that of wind and string instruments. However, its most important task is the publication of song manuals for Japanese primary schools. In , Eckert enters the Imperial Agency’s classical music department, making up the music of fanfare of the Imperial Guard, and that of the Academy of the Japanese Imperial Army. He works both for the court and for the military and introduces in Japan the Western musical theories and musical instruments.
In 1897, he had to compose a special song, which he named Kanashimi NO KIWAMI , for the burial of the Eish electrifice Empress Eishō (widow of Emperor Kōmei).
Eckert returned to live in Germany in 1889 for health reasons, and obtained a post at the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra but was immediately appointed Musical Director of Kaiser Guillaume II. However, his stay in Germany is short -lived, and as soon as his health recovers, he accepts the invitation of the Korean Empire to come and create an orchestra for the Court and to train musicians in European techniques and musical instruments.
Eckert arrives in Seoul the . His work in Korea is identical to the one he once has in Japan. He quickly created an orchestra of two dozen musicians for the court. The orchestra regularly plays the courtyard, and every Thursday at Pagoda Park (in) For the general public and the community of foreigners based in Seoul. During these concerts, Eckert took the opportunity to present his own compositions and discover those of Richard Wagner. Eckert is quickly responsible for composed the harmony of the Korean national anthem, the Daehan Jeguk Aegukga (of) which is played the first time the . The new hymn takes up elements of Wagner’s work, and is played in front of the emperor Kojong, who is an enthusiastic Prussian admirer (admirer). However, a few years later, in 1910, the Empire of Japan annexed Korea, and the national anthem was replaced by that of Japan, which also owes its harmonies to Eckert, the Kimi Ga Yo .
Eckert remains in Korea, but in more modest living conditions because it has lost its royal employers. His health is still complicated and in 1916, he resigned from his function as a conductor in favor of his first flutist, which he formed to succeed him. Eckert dies in Seoul of stomach cancer at the age of 64 years old . He is buried in Seoul.
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