[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/french-legislative-elections-in-may-1815-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/french-legislative-elections-in-may-1815-wikipedia\/","headline":"French legislative elections in May 1815 – Wikipedia","name":"French legislative elections in May 1815 – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. after-content-x4 THE French legislative elections of May 1815 took place on May 8 and","datePublished":"2017-12-27","dateModified":"2017-12-27","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special:CentralAutoLogin\/start?type=1x1","height":"1","width":"1"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/french-legislative-elections-in-may-1815-wikipedia\/","wordCount":922,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4THE French legislative elections of May 1815 took place on May 8 and 22, 1815 in France, during the Hundred Days period. They appointed the deputies of the House of Representatives established by the additional act of April 22, 1815.          (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4After his return from the island of Elba and his entry into Paris on March 20, 1815, Napoleon Bonaparte goes back to the throne. Aware that most French people no longer want the authoritarian regime established in year VIII and eager to definitively forget the Bourbon, the emperor resolves to liberalize the regime. For this, he had a new constitution written by Benjamin Constant, the additional act to the Constitutions of the Empire, which takes up a good part of the liberal elements of the Charter of 1814. This act refounds the Parliament which is divided into two chambers: the peer chamber, made up of hereditary peers appointed by the emperor, and the chamber of representatives which is elected by the suffrage censitaires. If the electoral system of the additional act does not include a financial restriction as to eligibility, unlike the royal charter, it remains very restrictive according to the methods of the constitution of year XII. However, there are some advances. Thus the age of eligibility is lowered to twenty-five years. On the other hand, the electoral colleges are more numerous, 630 in number, and twenty-nine of them represent the “manufacturing and commercial property”, which is new. The additional act was ratified by plebiscite on June 1, 1815, but with very wide abstention. Indeed this new constitution does not satisfy many people. If the royalists are obviously hostile, the Liberals and the Republicans find it too conservative. The liberal bourgeois criticizes the text in particular for not leaving enough initiative to representatives in legislative matters.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In order to elect the House of Representatives, electoral colleges were summoned for May 8, 1815, while Napoleon could have very well adjourned the election with regard to the international situation. Thus the Constitution comes into force even before the people have spoken out about it. Under these conditions, the abstention is very high: in 67 departments out of 87, colleges cannot bring together half of the voters plus one as the law provides. Only 7,600 of the 19,900 voters called move. In Marseille, a city where the bourgeoisie is royalist, thirteen voters choose four deputies.To make sure the Minister of the Interior Carnot remains inactive while his colleague Fouch\u00e9, in the police, leads a skilful double game. The results are very bad for the emperor. Out of 630 deputies, there are only about 80 Bonapartists among whom Boulay de la Meurthe, Regnaud de Saint-Jean d’Ang\u00e9ly, Mouton-Duvernet, S\u00e9bastiani or Lucien Bonaparte. We have been elected around forty Jacobin Republicans, mostly former conventional people like Bar\u00e8re, Cambon or Drouet. Thus 10 to 11% of elected officials of 1815 sat in the revolutionary assemblies [ first ] . The vast majority of the assembly is in the hands of heterogeneous liberals led by former moderate revolutionaries such as La Fayette, Lanjuinais, Dupont de l’Eure or by young elected officials still unknown as a manual.The latter is then the cuddly man of Fouch\u00e9 who, for a next diet crisis, has elected his affidues such as Jay and his own secretary Fabry, or the bankers Jacques Laffitte and Hottinguer. As for the royalists, they have very massively abstained and therefore have no elected officials. However, they caught up by taking the municipal elections. Thus, this assembly, although disunited, absolutely does not want to serve as a simple “recording chamber” as Napoleon could hope. Hostile to the Bourbon, these deputies fear the emperor and would gladly go by the two dynasties, without being clearly republican. Emmanuel de Waresquiel, Beno\u00eet Yvert, History of catering (1814-1830): birth of modern France , Perrin, Paris, 1996. Reissued in pocket format with bibliography update, Perrin, Paris, 2002. (ISBN\u00a0 2-26201-901-0 ) . Emmanuel de Waresquiel, One hundred days: the temptation of the impossible, March-July 1815 , Fayard, 2008 (ISBN\u00a0 978-213621586 ) Thierry Lentz, New history of the first empire Tome IV: the hundred-days (1815) , Fayard, 2010        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/french-legislative-elections-in-may-1815-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"French legislative elections in May 1815 – Wikipedia"}}]}]