Henri d’Ecosse – Wikipedia

Scotland Henri it Henri de Huntingdon or Henri de Northumberland , born around 1115 and died on June 12, 1152 , count of Northampton and Huntingdon, then count of Northumberland, is the king’s second son David  I ^is Scotland (Death in 1153) and his wife Maud of Huntingdon (died in 1131), the daughter of Count Waltheof.

After the disappearance of his older brother Malcolm, he remains the last surviving son of his father and becomes the heir to the throne ^{[ first ]} . Around 1128, he is associated with the government of his father, and he is mostly officially proclaimed successor to the king, because in 1144 he appeared to be “designated” ( King of designated ) ^{[ first ]} .

He pursues with his father the modernization policy of the Kingdom of Scotland which is in the process of moderating its functioning on that of other European kingdoms ^{[ first ]} . He mainly associates himself with his father’s historical claim on the north of England. The two men repeatedly invade English territory during the reign of Etienne of England, satisfying in this their own interests and those of their cousin Mathilde the Emperesse, fighting against Etienne for the throne of England ^{[ first ]} .

In 1136 as part of the first treaty of Durham, he obtained the city of Doncaster and the lordship of Carlisle; As well as his mother’s inheritance, Huntingdon’s title and honor, at the expense of his half-brother Simon  II Senlis ^{[ first ]} . However, he never seems to have used the title. He pays tribute to Etienne in York in 1136, and was invested in honor on this occasion, to the dismay of Ranulf de Gernon, the count of Chester, who claimed the lordship of Carlisle ^{[ first ]} .

In January 1138 , Henri and David I ^is Undeaded northern England again after claiming the Northumberland dealership in Etienne in vain. THE August 22, 1138 , a Norman army meets the Scottish army and defeated it during the battle of the standard. Henri is said to have distinguished himself by leading the charge on the side of the Norman army ^{[ first ]} . Despite the Scottish defeat, Étienne negotiates the second treaty of Durham, concluded the April 9, 1139 . By the latter, Etienne restores Huntingdon’s honor to Henri and gives him the Northumberland, with however safeguards assuring him that the territory will remain well under Norman control ^{[ first ]} .

Immediately after, he married Ada de Warenne, daughter of Guillaume  II De Warenne and Isabelle de Vermandois, most likely at the request of Etienne d’Angleterre ^{[ first ]} . He then spent the summer to fight alongside the latter ^{[ first ]} .

Diplomatic relations with England were definitively broken in 1141, and Huntingdon’s title and honor then returned to Simon  II Senlis ^{[ first ]} . Immediately afterwards, Henri assists his father in a new invasion of England which allows the annexation of a territory going to the Ribble and the Tees (perhaps simply the tyne). The conquered territory is governed Norman without dispute, and Henri even strikes money with his effigy in Bamburgh, Carlisle and Corbridge ^{[ first ]} .

The May 22, 1149 , he sponsors the dubbing of Henri Plantagenêt, the future Henri II from England ^{[ first ]} . He died the June 12, 1152 , probably in Peebles and is buried in Kelso abbey. The Northumberland then passes to his second son, the future king Guillaume  I ^is Scotland . His death is a very hard blow for the Kingdom of Scotland, because when his father died the following year, the Scottish sovereign was only twelve years old.

In 1139, he married Ada de Warenne (around 1123-1178), daughter of Guillaume  II De Warenne and Isabelle de Vermandois, of which he has 6 children ^{[ 2 ]} :

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

• Keith Stringer, « Henry, earl of Northumberland (c. 1115–1152) », dans Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , Oxford University Press, online edition, May 2006 .

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