Ibrahim Abouleish — Wikipédia

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Ibraim Abouleish , born the in Mashtoul and died on [ first ] , is an Egyptian doctor and chemist.

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Known for its involvement in the renewal of the sustainable economy in Egypt, it is a recipient of the Alternative Nobel Prize in 2003.

Studies and first success [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Born in Egypt [ 2 ] , in a bourgeois family, Ibrahim Abouleish receives an education open to the world by his father, who encourages him to take an interest in Europe [ a 1 ] . He frequented a French school and then an Egyptian school. The influences of his family determine his career: a grandfather
chemical fertilizer [ 3 ] , a father who had created a soap factory and another sugar refinery [ 3 ] , a literate uncle that encourages him to read. While as a teenager, following the discovery of Goethe’s “suffering of young werther”, he made the inner decision to continue his studies in Europe [ 3 ] .

In 1956, Ibrahim Abouleish moved to Austria where he began his studies of chemistry and medicine, at the University of Graz [ 2 ] .
In 1960, he married Gudrun Erdinger; From this union are born two children: Helmy Abouleish born in 1961, and Mona in 1963 [ 4 ] . He passed his doctorate in 1969 in the field of pharmacology, then worked in pharmaceutical research and deposits patents for a number of new drugs, in particular against osteoporosis and arteriosclerosis.

During this period, Ibrahim’s reflection Abouleish finds his inspiration in European thinkers, such as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe [ a 1 ] . His passage in Europe marked him and, as he himself says: ‘ Since then, I have been bringing European culture to me. » [ 5 ] .

Come back to the country [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

During a visit to Egypt in 1975, he was overwhelmed by deplorable, economic and social conditions, of his country of origin (education crisis, overcrowding, pollution).

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In 1977, Ibrahim Abouleish returned to it with a clear vision of an integrated community project where he wanted to grow biological foods. He wants to associate healthy foods with community and agricultural development in Egypt [ 6 ] . In 1979, he founded Sekem (a global development project).

Sekem Foundation [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Sekem is the first entity to develop biodynamic agriculture methods in Egypt. During the first years, these methods attracted the wrath of pesticide manufacturers, who seek by all means to break its development (slanderous press campaign, based on supersition, armed pressure, etc.) [ 7 ] . From 1990, the organization grew a lot until it became the market leader in organic products. This commitment in innovative development has led to a general use of biodynamic methods in the fight against pests (or pests) and for the improvement of yields [ 8 ] .
Sekem works by applied partly the methods of the Demeter label [ 9 ] . 50% of its production is reserved for the internal market in Egypt [ a 1 ] . She manages schools, work and education programs, a medical center and a college of applied arts and science. As part of the global project, the day clinic and schools are, on the other hand, oriented towards Islamic culture. But medical care is dominated by the anthroposophical approach [ 9 ] .

In 1984, Ibrahim Abouleish founded the Egyptian association for the promotion of cultural development [ 4 ] ; And in 1990, he created the Heliopolis Academy for applied arts, science and technology.

New patent [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

In 1994, Ibrahim Abouleish developed a biological method for cotton cultivation [ a 2 ] , reducing environmental pollution [ Note 1 ] .

In , the Schwab Foundation, in association with the World Economic Forum of Davos includes Ibrahim Abouleish on its list of 25 exceptional business leaders, with strong social conscience [ 8 ] . In 2006, he was appointed advisor to the Council for the future of the world.

Engagement [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

In addition to Sekem’s development work, Ibrahim Abouleish is engaged in a form of global activism in favor of biodiversity and the right of peoples to have themselves, for example:

  • In 2005, Ibrahim Abouleish, with twelve other winners of the Alternative Nobel Prize, signed a request for repeal of article 81 of Paul Bremer [ Note 2 ] Who aims to prevent Iraqi farmers from using their old varieties of seeds and crops, and to force them to depend on the company having patented genetically modified seeds [ Note 3 ] . Because, the traditional varieties of cultures in Iraq, which have evolved for thousands of years, are not only the heritage of Iraqi peasants, but they are the world heritage [ ten ] .

IBRAHIM INTOOUSEH EST RECIPIENDER YOU PRIX NOBLATIFIZE A 2003, ‘ For a business model of XXI It is century that combines commercial success with social and cultural development » . According to Jacob von uexkull, ‘ Mr. Abouleish practices what he calls the economy of love. He proves that we can both do good and live » [ 11 ] .

In , Ibrahim Abouleish receives the cross of the German federal merit.
In addition, a special price for his pioneer work in biodynamic agriculture, carbon assessment certification and an ecologically responsible development is awarded to him by the United Nations.

‘ In particular, I was fascinated by biodynamic agriculture, based on anthroposophy in Europe since the start of XX It is century. Thanks to her, I was sure that the situation of agriculture in Egypt could be significantly improved. » [ 4 ]

  • Ibrahim Abouleish ( trad. German), Sekem: a sustainable community in the Egyptian desert , La Boissenère en Tlene Aethera , 243 p. (ISBN  978-2-915804-15-7 )

Notes [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  1. ↑ The situation of the southern countries vis-à-vis pesticides in 2009: an alarming state. A documented article by Diplomatic world , April 2009
  2. ↑ In May 2003, Paul Bremer III was responsible for directing the provisional authority of the Coalition (CPA). An official of the US State Department responsible for the fight against terrorism at the head of the CPA, Paul Bremer was Established to promulgate a whole series of orders (“Orders”) to govern Iraq which, at the time, had neither constitution nor legally constituted government. These decrees, 100 in number, entered into force in April 2004. One of them stipulates that no elected government will be able to modify them. Horizons and debates n ° 29 2005
  3. ↑ The decree 81 on “patents, industrial design, unveiled information, integrated circuits and the law on plant varieties” is in total contradiction with the Iraqi constitution of 1990 which prohibited private property on biological resources . This ordinance thus makes the traditional and millennial practice of selection of the best seeds by farmers illegal and gives the free field to foreign companies to impose their patented seeds and their prices. It also makes it possible to import and market genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The duration of patents is 20 years for agricultural plants and 25 years for vines and trees. The food sovereignty of the Iraqi people is seriously questioned by this law. UN rating: E/CN.4/2005/NGO/350 CETIM 2005

References [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  • Seco by Lüpke and Peter Adolva ( trad. German), “Nobel” alternative, 13 laureates portraits , Sète, the beach, , 213 p. (ISBN  978-2-84221-191-2 ) , p. 145 to 158
  • (of) Daniel Baumgartner and Michael Bader , Sekem. In the pulse of the future: how a vision of Egypt changed , Pforte Verlag, , 173 p. (ISBN  978-3-85636-17-17-8 )

Related article [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

  • Sekem, a successful global development project.

external links [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

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French sites [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Abroad [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

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