Maison Trood — Wikipedia

The Tudor family ( Tudor , in Welsh) is at the origin of a royal dynasty which gave its name to the period of English history located between 1485 and 1603. The Tudor era marks the end of the civil war that Deux-Roses, and covers the reign of five monarchs which have helped to make England a major European power.

The origins of the family are Welsh and go back to XIII ^{It is} century. The two main monarchs, Henri VIII and Queen Elisabeth I ^re , orchestrates the transfer of the kingdom of England of a European backyard still plunged into the Middle Ages in a powerful state of the Renaissance ^{[ first ]} .

The Tudor dynasty comes from a noble Welsh family going to at least to XIII ^{It is} Siècle avec Ednyfed Fychan, Sénéchal de Gwynedd. Le nom Tudor is the Welsh variant of the first name Theodore .

The Tudor dynasty began with the secret marriage between Catherine de Valois, widow of King Henri V of England, and a Welsh squire, Sir Owen Tudor (an anglicization of Owain ap Maredudd ap Tudur ), direct descendant of Ednyfed Fychan. She acquired her power when Henri Tudor (1457 – 1509), having beaten King Richard III at the battle of Bosworth, became king of England under the name of Henri VII. Henri Tudor, by his mother, a Plantagenêt, descended from King Edward III; And in addition he married in 1486 with the eldest daughter of King Édouard IV, Queen Elisabeth d’York (1466 – 1503).

In 1499, Henri VII perished Édouard, count of Warwick (1475 – 1499), last male descendant of the Plantagenêt house, thus allowing to dismiss any threat to the throne. The dynasty ended when Queen Elisabeth died without children. Elisabeth’s succession I ^re returned to his cousin, King Jacques VI of Scotland (1566 – 1625) who took the name of Jacques I ^is from England. He was the great-grandson of Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scotland, herself the daughter of Henri VII, and became the first representative of the Stuart house of the Kings of England.

Henri VIII used a prophecy attributed to Merlin which announced the revenge of the Celtic peoples of the British Islands on the Saxons to present his father, King Henri VII of Welsh origin like the one who fulfills this prophecy: Party of the Armorican Peninsula of Brittany, supported By Breton warriors, sporting the red dragon of the Welshman whom he introduced into the arms of the Kingdom of England, he also symbolically appointed his son Arthur (Prince of Wales); The Tudor family indeed claimed to be linked to the line of Brutus and the kings of Brittany celebrated by the columnist Geoffroy de Monmouth ^{[ 2 ]} .

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  Former shield of the noble family Tudur’s app (Tudor)

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  Weapons of King Henri VII, founder of the Royal Dynasty Tudor

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  Heraldic emblem of the Royal House Tudor

Kings and Queens of England [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Important ladies of the Tudor house [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Jeanne Grey [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The great-granddaughter of Henri VII, Protestant Lady Jane Gray, succeeded Édouard VI according to the latter’s last wishes; The king wanted to dismiss his half-sister, the Catholic Marie I ^re , from the throne of England. She only reigned nine days, before being deposited and later executed by Marie, at the same time as her husband, Lord Guilford Dudley, son of John, first ^is Duke of Northumberland. Lady Jane Gray was the granddaughter of another Marie Tudor, daughter of Henri VII and sister of Henri VIII. She had first become Queen of France by her marriage to Louis XII; Having become a widow, she remarried to the Duke of Suffolk, of whom she had a daughter, the mother of Lady Jane Gray.

Marguerite Tudor [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Marguerite Tudor is the eldest daughter of Henri VII and Elisabeth d’York. Princess Marguerite was married in 1503 to the Catholic Jacques IV, king of Scotland († 1513), which was to make her the mother of King Jacques V and the grandmother of Mary, Queen of the Scottish. And above all, their marriage was directly at the origin of the Union of the two kingdoms of Great Britain.

Following her remarriage, the dowager Queen of Scotland was titled Countess of Angus then Lady Methven ^{[ 3 ]} .

” Period Tudor Is synonymous with English Renaissance. Sometimes the term more broadly includes Elisabeth’s reign I ^re , period often treated apart under the name of Elisabethaine. The reign of the Tudors is linked to the incessant conflicts with the Stuart house, the royal family of Scotland, supported by the French Catholic Party of the Guise. It was the Stuarts who succeeded the Tudor in 1603 with the advent of Jacques VI of Scotland, son of Queen Marie Stuart.

For the British, the expression evokes both an architectural style and a particularly animated period on the political, cultural and artistic level. Despite the serious religious disorders which marked the years 1529–1558 At the time of the Anglican reform, the Tudor period saw the emergence of England as political and maritime power, the beginning of the English colonial expansion and the Birth of a brilliant English literature.

In the litterature [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The Tudor era is one of the most popular historical periods of English literature and legend.

The Tudor house has provided in particular a whole series of colorful characters whose poets, playwrights and later novelists and filmmakers have taken. Since the XVI ^{It is} century, the accession to the throne of the first king of the dynasty, Henri VII is staged in Richard III de Shakespeare and Henri VII served as a source of inspiration to George R.R. Martin in his work the iron throne. Henry VIII , pièce the Shakespeare, In the shadow of the Tudors by Dame Hilary Mantel, and John Fletcher sees the birth of Queen Élisabeth I ^re . Protestant martyrologe, John Foxe, will be the source of Marie Tudor’s black legend with Acts and Monuments , while Sir Edmund is forge the golden legend of Élisabeth I ^re , the Glory to epic poem The Faerie Queene that will inspire later Glory to , opera in three acts of Sir Benjamin Britten, booklet by William Plomer, taken from Elizabeth and Essex by Lytton Strachey and created in London in 1953. His character however experienced an eclipse in the novel of XX ^{It is} A century when it is often presented as a despotic dowager.

Marie I ^re is the subject of the drama Marie Tudor by Victor Hugo and Édouard VI appears in the novel by Mark Twain, The prince and the poor . Today authors like Philippa Gregory, Laurien Gardner (in) continue to exploit the tudor vein successfully (see also historical romance).

In cinema and on television [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

At XX ^{It is} and at the beginning of XXI ^{It is} Century of many radio dramas, television documentaries, mini-series and feature films perpetuate the legend of the Tudor kings. There is also the opera composed by Camille Saint-Saëns.

The most popular is undoubtedly Henry VIII (it) whose artists underline the despotic character, too: A Man for All Seasons by Robert Bolt, play written for the radio then reworked for the theater (1954) inspired the film of the same name of Fred Zinnemann, in 1966, then a TV from 1988 with Charlton Heston. His six marriages are an inexhaustible dramatic source: Anne of the Thousand Days (1969) by Charles Jarrott, Henry VIII And His Six Wives De Waris Hussein (1972), Henry VIII BBC telefilm (1979), The Wives of Henry VIII (2001) d’Andy Rashleigh  (in) , The Six Wives Of Henry VIII David Starkey (2003), Henry VIII (2003) by Pete Travis, Two sisters for a king (2008) by Justin Chadwick (with Scarlett Johansson, Natalie Portman, Eric Bana). Henri VII is played by James Maxwell in the prequel The Shadow of the Tower (it) And is one of the protagonists of the series The White Princess while the series The Spanish Princess also makes it appear with all her children, notably Margaret and Marie.

Marie I ^re is played on the screen by: Jeanne Delvair in Marie Tudor (1917) and Francoise Christophe in Marie Tudor (1966). These last two are inspired by the novel Marie Tudor by Victor Hugo, et Miranda French (in) in the movie The Twisted Tale of Bloody Mary (2008) as well as several other films or series made during XX ^{It is} century.

Édouard VI hardly inspires the authors, while Elisabeth is a great favorite with Elizabeth R  (in) , mini-series for the BBC (1971) with Glenda Jackson, Elizabeth (1998) and Elizabeth: the golden age (The suite released in 2008) of Shekhar Kapur with Cate Blanchett who rather presents it as a victim, The Virgin Queen De Coky Giedroyc (2006). Shakespeare in Love (1999) takes up the character of the Acariose dowager.

The nine -day queen, Lady Jane Gray, is the heroine of Lady Jane (1985) by Jane Lapotaire.

Finally capitalizing on the popularity of the Tudor family, Showtime released in 2007 a series, Les Tudors , written by Michael Hirst with Jonathan Rhys-Meyers in the role of Henri VIII. The series relates in particular the relations between the king and women and also the way in which he led his career as well as his political choices.

Bibliography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Related articles [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Tudor house
Preceded by		Followed by

external links [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

• Fine Arts Resource :
• Notes in generalist dictionaries or encyclopedias :