[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/massacre-of-via-damelio-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/massacre-of-via-damelio-wikipedia\/","headline":"Massacre of via d’Amelio – Wikipedia","name":"Massacre of via d’Amelio – Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 Massacre of via d’Amelio attack Via D’Amelio after the attack Type Car bomb Data July 19, 1992 16:59 Place","datePublished":"2018-04-01","dateModified":"2018-04-01","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/it\/thumb\/c\/cd\/ViaD%27Amelio_strage.jpg\/260px-ViaD%27Amelio_strage.jpg","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/it\/thumb\/c\/cd\/ViaD%27Amelio_strage.jpg\/260px-ViaD%27Amelio_strage.jpg","height":"170","width":"260"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/massacre-of-via-damelio-wikipedia\/","wordCount":20478,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4Massacre of via d’Amelio attack Via D’Amelio after the attack Type Car bomb Data July 19, 1992 16:59 Place Via Mariano D’Amelio, Palermo State  Italy Coordinate 38\u00b008\u203235.16\u2033N  13 \u00b0 21\u203216.92 \u2033 and \/ 38,1431 \u00b0 n 13.3547 \u00b0 e 38.1431; 13,3547  Weapon Esplosivi (semtex e TNT) Objective Paolo Borsellino Managers Salvatore Riina, Bernardo Provenzano, Pietro Aglieri, Francesco Madonia, Giuseppe Cal\u00f2, Bernardo Brusca, Giovanni Brusca, Filippo and Giuseppe Graviano, Antonino Geraci, Benedetto Spera, Nino Giuffr\u00e8, Michelangelo La Barbera, Salvatore Montalto and Giuseppe Montalto, Matteo Motisi, Salvatore Madonia , Giuseppe Farinella, Salvatore Buscemi, Mariano Agate, Benedetto Santapaola Giuseppe “Piddu” Madonia, Matteo Messina Denaro (principals) Giuseppe Graviano, Francesco Tagliavia, Lorenzo Tinnirello, Gaspare Spatuzza, Cristofaro Cinella, Raffaele, Stefano and Domenico Ganci, Salvatore Cancemi, Giovan Battista Ferrante, Salvatore Biondino, Salvatore Biondo, Salvatore Vitale (material executors) Motivation Retaliation against the fight against the mafia Consequences Dead 6 Wounded 24 Location map        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Luogo dell’eventoChange data on wikidata \u00b7  Manual The massacre of via d’Amelio It was a terrorist-mafia attack that took place on Sunday 19 July 1992, at the height of civic number 21 in via Mariano D’Amelio in Palermo, in Italy, where the Italian magistrate Paolo Borsellino and five escort agents lost their lives: Agostino Catalano, Emanuela Loi (first woman to be part of a escort and even the first woman of the State Police to fall into service [first] ), Vincenzo Li Muli, Walter Eddie Cosina and Claudio Traina. The only survivor was the agent Antonino Vullo, who at the time of the explosion was parking one of the cars of the escort. [2] [3] [4] [5] Table of Contents       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Previous attempts to attack [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The decision of the attack [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Preparations [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The stalking [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The slaughter [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Reactions [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] First investigations and the trial “Borsellino one ” [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Purse until [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Purse to have [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The survey on hidden principals and the disappearance of the red agenda [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The process “Borsellino quater “And on the” State-Mafia negotiation ” [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Trial on the alleged sidetrack of investigations [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Process against Matteo Messina Denaro for the massacres of Capaci and Via D’Amelio [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Previous attempts to attack [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Paolo Borsellino, the goal of the attack. The will of Cosa Nostra to kill Paolo Borsellino would even go back to the early 80s, when the magistrate followed the investigations on the killers of the Carabinieri captain Emanuele Basile [6] . But the first concrete attempts were put in place since 1987, when Borsellino was chief prosecutor in Marsala: in fact the boss Salvatore Riina commissioned Baldassare di Maggio (regent of the Mandamento di San Giuseppe Jato in the absence of Bernardo Brusca) to spy on the moves of the magistrate when he spent the summer holidays in his villa by the sea in Villagrazia di Carini [7] . Always with Riina’s endorsement, the plan had further development in 1991: Francesco Messina (said Cicciu master , regent of the Mazara del Vallo mandate, in which the territory of Marsala fell) assigned the task of carrying out the attack on Vito Mazzara (head of the Valderice family), using a precision rifle or a car bomb during the journey that the judge was completed from home to work [8] [9] . However, the project met the opposition of Vincenzo D’Amico and Francesco Craparotta (respectively head and vice-bean of the Marsala family), who leded the news outside, thus increasing the security measures around the magistrate and blocking In fact, any attempt to attack (for this reason, D’Amico and Craparotta will be killed on Riina’s order in 1992) [7] [9] . Another attempt was finding concrete implementation in 1988, when Borsellino left Marsala to spend Sunday with family members in his home in via Cilea in Palermo: a fire group made up of walnut mafia and Porta Nuova (Francesco Paolo Anzelmo, Raffaele e Domenico Ganci, Antonino Galliano, Salvatore Cancemi and Francesco La Marca) had to hit him with firearms while he left home to go and buy the newspaper on newsstands but at the last moment he was suspended because, after a couple of stalking around the house , it was ascertained that the ambush was not feasible [7] [6] . The decision of the attack [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The decision to implement the attacks against the judges Giovanni Falcone and Paolo Borsellino was taken during some meetings of the “Interprovincial Commission” of Cosa Nostra, which took place near Enna between September-December 1991 and chaired by the boss Salvatore Riina, in which other objectives to be hit were also identified [ten] [11] ; Immediately after, during a meeting of the “Provincial Commission” held in the following December in the house of Girolamo Guddo (Mafia di Altarello di Baida and cousin of the boss Salvatore Cancemi) [twelfth] , in which Salvatore Riina, Matteo Motisi, Giuseppe Farinella, Giuseppe Graviano, Carlo Greco, Pietro Aglieri, Michelangelo La Barbera, Salvatore Cancemi, Giovanni Brusca, Raffaele Ganci, Nino Giuffr\u00e8, Giuseppe Montalto and Salvatore Madonia, participated [6] [13] , a “restricted” trawn plan was decided and developed, which provided for the assassination of Falcone and Borsellino, as well as characters that revealed unreliable, first of all the honorable Salvo Lima and other Christian Democratic men [6] [11] . Following the sentence of the Cassation that confirmed the life sentences of the Maxiprocess of Palermo (30 January 1992), some restricted meetings of the “Provincial Commission” took place (which was attended by Riina, Salvatore Biondino, Raffaele Ganci, Giovanni Brusca, Michelangelo La Barbera, Salvatore Cancemi ) who always held at the house of Girolamo Guddo and in which he was decided to start the attacks: on March 12 he was assassinated except for Lima while on 23 May the shocking massacre of Capaci took place, in which Falcone were killed, his wife Francesca Morvillo e Three escort agents [11] .        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4In the following month of June, during a meeting always held in the home of Guddo, Riina manifested Biondino, cancemi and hooks his own ” concern “to perform an attack on Borsellino, highlighting in particular to hooks that” the responsibility was his “And entrusting to Biondino” the task of organizing everything and hurry up ” [14] [6] . Preparations [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The Via Mariano D’Amelio. During the first week of July, Giuseppe Graviano (head of the Brancaccio family) made a first inspection in via Mariano D’Amelio together with his “driver” Fabio Tranchina, asking him to procure an apartment nearby [6] . On the night of July 8, Gaspare Spatuzza and Vittorio Tutino (Mafiosi di Brancaccio) stole a Fiat 126 Amaranto color in via Bartolomeo Sirillo, on behalf of Cristofaro Cinnamon (Right arm of Graviano). The newly stolen car was brought to a warehouse in Brancaccio, where Spatuzza also kept some metal stems containing military explosive of the semtex-h type (mixture of Petn, Tattolo and T4) made from war residues fished into the sea. On 11 July, the car was moved to a garage in Corso dei Mille, where a mechanic of his confidence spurred the damaged brakes and clutch [ten] [6] . Also on 11 July, Salvatore Biondino, together with the two cousins \u200b\u200bof the same name Salvatore Biondo (called “Il Corto” and “Il Lungo”) and Giovan Battista Ferrante (mafia di San Lorenzo), proceeded to the test of the remote control and the transmitters that they had to be Used in the attack (procured by an uncensored merchant) at Villa Ferreri, an abandoned residence of the eighteenth century near the Tommaso Natale neighborhood that was used as a deposit of weapons of the “family” [15] [14] . Between 13 and 14 July, Raffaele Ganci and his son Domenico went to find his nephew Antonino Galliano, employed as a security guard at a Sicilcassa branch and “man of honor” of the walnut family, to commission him to carry out on Sunday Next, Borsellino’s stalking, as he had already done with Falcone during the Capaci massacre [14] . In those same days, Spatuzza was summoned by Giuseppe Graviano, who gave him indications to steal the plates to be affixed to the Fiat 126 [6] . Furthermore, always during those days, Graviano made a second inspection in via D’Amelio, always together with Tranchina, asking him if he had found the apartment he had previously asked him: to his negative answer, Graviano said that ” Then he would have put himself comfortable in the garden ” [6] . On July 16, Giovanni Brusca set up available to Biondino for the attack but he told him that he is already ” under work “And not to need his help [16] . On the same day, Biondino ordered Ferrante not to get away from Palermo on the next Sunday to go to the sea since it would be there ” of to do ” [14] . Two days later, hooks also informed Cancemi that the attack would take place on Sunday during a visit by the magistrate to the mother and that Biondino had already developed every detail for the execution [14] . On the morning of July 18, Spatuzza and Tutino went to buy from an electrician to Corso dei a thousand two car batteries and an antennial to be placed on the car bomb; Then, in the early afternoon, he went to leave the Fiat 126 and the equipment purchased in a garage in via Villasevaglios, where he noticed the presence of Francesco Tagliavia, Lorenzo Tinnirello (both mafia of Corso dei Mille) and a third person who remained unknown [ten] , but went away immediately after delivery [6] . On the same afternoon, Spatuzza and Tutino also stole the plates from another Fiat 126 in the bodywork of Giuseppe Orofino in Corso dei Mille and, subsequently, Spatuzza handed over the plates to Graviano at the handling of the brothers Salvatore and Nicola Vitale (Mafiosi di Roccella; Salvatore Vitale lived in via D’Amelio and then spied on Borsellino’s movements [17] ) [6] . Also on July 18, Biondino gave Ferrante a note on which a mobile number was noted (who was used by Cristofaro Cinnamon) to which to communicate the movements of Borsellino and gave him an appointment for the next morning [14] . The stalking [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] In the early hours of the morning of July 19, Tranchina accompanied Graviano (who had stayed at home) to an appointment he had with Cristofaro Cinnamon and then went to the sea with his family, leaving them together throughout the day [6] . At 07:00 in the morning, the mafia of the families of the Noce, Porta Nuova and San Lorenzo began the “patrol” around via Chilea (where Borsellino lived) and in via D’Amelio: a first car with blond and blonde on board ” the long “, a second with CANCEMI and Raffaele Ganci while Galliano, Ferrante and the brothers Domenico and Stefano Ganci moved individually, sometimes even on foot [6] [14] . Since the magistrate did not come from his mother in the morning but went with his family to the villa by the sea in Villagrazia di Carini, the stalking was suspended and resumed in the early afternoon, without the presence of Galliano, who went to work, while hooks and cancems yes they started waiting for the outcome of the attack at the house of one of their supporting [14] . At 16:52, Ferrante, who was in a crossbar of Viale della Region Sicilian, called the number noted on the note from a telephone booth, reporting the passage of the three spare armored cars that were bringing Borsellino to via D’Amelio [14] . The slaughter [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] An image of via d’Amelio shortly after the attack On July 19, 1992, at 16:58, the stolen Fiat 126 containing about 90 kilograms of semtex-h [18] [19] remote remote controlled (probably from behind a wall at the bottom of the road or by a condominium under construction nearby [ten] ), was exploded in via Mariano D’Amelio at number 21 in Palermo, under the building where at the time Maria Pia Lepanto and Rita Borsellino lived at the time (respectively mother and sister of the magistrate), at which the judge that Sunday had gone visiting; [20] [21] The surviving agent Antonino Vullo described the explosion as follows: ” The judge and my colleagues had already come down to the cars, I had been driving, I was making maneuver, I was parking the car that was in the head of the procession. I didn’t hear any noise, nothing suspicious, absolutely nothing. Suddenly it was hell. I saw a big blaze, I heard the armored member. The shock wave has thrown me from the seat. I don’t know how I got off the car. Around me there were shreds of human flesh scattered everywhere […] \u00bb. [2] Emanuela Loi, the first agent of the State Police Woman to be killed in service. The scenario described by staff of the local mobile team arrived on the spot spoke of “dozens of cars destroyed by the flames, others that continue to burn, bullets that due to the heat explode alone, people who scream asking for help, as well as some horrendously torn bodies” . [2] [22] The explosion also caused, collaterally, very serious damage to the buildings and businesses of the street, damage that fell on the inhabitants. [23] At the scene of the massacre, a few minutes after the fact, the deputy immediately arrived and formerly Giuseppe Ayala who lived nearby. [24] The escort agents had to declare that the Via D’Amelio was considered a dangerous road as very narrow, so much so that, as revealed in an interview with Rai by Antonino Caponnetto, the Palermo Police Headquarters had been asked to ban the parking lot of Vehicles in front of the house, however, a request remained without following [25] . He was also sadly famous the embittered Caponnetto comment on the cameras shortly after seeing Borsellino’s body, in which he said desperate ” It’s all over! \u00bb, Tightening the hands of the journalist who asked the question. [26] Reactions [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The then Minister of Defense Salvo went review the troops engaged in the Sicilian Vespers operation. In response to the massacre, which took place just 57 days away from that of Capaci, on the night of July 19 the then Minister of Justice Claudio Martelli urgently signed the application of the hard prison regime (art. 41 bis of the Penitentiary system) against about three hundred prisoners for mafia crimes, ‘Ndrangheta and Camorra, of which he also ordered the transfer in bulk to the penitentiary of Asinara and Pianosa to limit their contacts with the outside to the minimum [27] . On July 21, in the Cathedral of Palermo, the funeral of the five escort agents killed were held, in which the entire city population participated and were characterized by fierce protests: 4000 agents were called to maintain the order and were contested by the crowd since they prevented access to the cathedral and, to the cry ” Outside the mafia from the state “, The representatives of the State present were not spared, including the new president of the Italian Republic Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, who was forced to leave a secondary door at the end of the Mass between pushes, kicks and punches, while the chief of police Vincenzo Parisi came even hit by a slap in the crowd [28] [29] . A few days later, on July 24, about 10,000 people participated in the private funeral of Borsellino, celebrated in the church of Santa Maria Luisa of Marillac, unadorned and peripheral, where the judge used to hear, when he could, on festive Sundays. The judge’s family members refused the rite of state: his wife Agnese, in fact, accused the government of not having been able to protect her husband, and wanted a private ceremony without the presence of politicians [30] . The funeral prayer was pronounced by Antonino Caponnetto, the old judge who had directed the office of Falcone and Borsellino: \u00ab Dear Paolo, the struggle you have supported will have to become and will become the struggle of each of us \u00bb [thirty first] . In those same days, eight deputy prosecutors of the Palermo prosecutor’s office and former colleagues of the killed magistrate (Roberto Scarpinato, Antonio Ingroia, Alfredo Morvillo, Teresa Principato, Ignazio De Francisci, Vittorio Teresi, Giovanni Ilarda and Nino Napoli) threatened the mass resignation in Sign of protest against the chief prosecutor Pietro Giammanco, to whom the responsibility of having gradually isolated Falcone and Borsellino was charged [32] . That sensational position triggered a conflict inside the Prosecutor who forced the Superior Council of the judiciary to intervene and induced the prosecutor Giammanco to request the transfer (he will be replaced a few months later by Gian Carlo Caselli) [33] [34] [35] . That same July 24, while in Palermo the funeral of Borsellino took place, the Council of Ministers chaired by Giuliano Amato, with the decree-law no. 349 of 25 July 1992, started the so -called “Sicilian Vespers operation”, which authorized the sending of about 7000 soldiers to Sicily for the safety and control of the territory and the prevention of organized crime crimes, and given to military personnel Some functions of the qualification of officers and public security agents. [36] On the following 7 August, the Parliament converted into law, without changes, the decree-law of 8 June 1992, n. 306 called “Scotti-Martelli” who extended the requirements of article 41 bis on the subject of “hard prison” reserved for prisoners for mafia crimes [37] . First investigations and the trial “Borsellino one ” [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The first investigations on the massacre of via D’Amelio were coordinated by the chief prosecutor of Caltanissetta Giovanni Tinebra and by the deputy prosecutors Ilda Boccassini and Fausto Cardella (to which the substitutes Annamaria Palma, Nino di Matteo and Carmelo Petralia were added in the following years) [38] [39] . So it was that in September 1992 the investigative group of the State Police called “Falcone-Borsellino” [40] and led by the head of the Palermo mobile team Arnaldo La Barbera managed to identify and arrest the prejudiced Salvatore Candura and Vincenzo Scarantino (two balords of earnings with criminal records for robbery, drug dealing and sexual violence)) [41] , who self -accused of the theft of Fiat 126 used in the attack: this circumstance was confirmed by the prisoner Francesco Andriotta, who had been the Cella di Scarantino Cella in the prison of Busto Arsizio and had reported to the investigators to have received confidences from Scarantino himself himself on the execution of the massacre; In particular, Scarantino declared that he had received the assignment of the theft of Fiat 126 from his brother -in -law Salvatore Profeta (mafia della Guadagna, who died in 2018 [42] ) and to have brought the stolen car to Giuseppe Orofino’s workshop, where the car bomb was prepared; In addition, Scarantino accused a group of fire from the “Mandamento” of Santa Maria di Ges\u00f9-Guadagna (Pietro Aglieri, the same Salvatore Profeta, Natale Gambino, Giuseppe in the morning, Giuseppe Urso, Cosimo Vernengo, Gaetano Murana, Gaetano Scotto, Lorenzo Tinnirello and Francesco Tagliavia) to be the executors of the massacre of via D’Amelio and reported that he had assisted by chance at a restricted meeting of the “commission” in the villa of the mafia Giuseppe Calascibetta where Borsellino’s killing was decided. [20] [43] In a subsequent interrogation, Scarantino declared that Salvatore Cancemi and Gioacchino La Barbera were also present at the meeting in the villa of Calascibetta, both became collaborators of justice, who however denied the circumstance and, during the comparisons in the face of the ministries, accused Scarantino of saying falsity in his declarations [43] [ten] . These statements led to the first truncation of the trial for the massacre in via D’Amelio (called “Borsellino Uno”), which began in October 1994 and saw Scarantino, Salvatore Prophet, Giuseppe Orofino and Pietro Scotto (telephone technician and brother of the mafia Gaetano, accused by the investigators of tampering the telephone systems of the building in via D’Amelio to intercept the calls of the mother of the judge Borsellino in order to know the magistrate’s movements). [44] During the hearings, the defenders called to testify to a transsexual and two transvestites who claimed to have had a relationship with Scarantino, in order to discredit their statements; [45] In July 1995 Scarantino portrayed his accusations during a telephone interview broadcast by Studio Open, declaring that he had accused the innocent. [forty six] However, the judges did not consider this retraction true and in 1996 the Court of Assizes of Caltanissetta, chaired by Judge Renato di Natale, sentenced Prophet, Orofino and Scotto to life imprisonment at first instance while Scarantino to eighteen years in prison. [47] In January 1999 the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Caltanissetta, chaired by Giovanni Marletta, judged unreliable Scarantino because he was denied by the declarations of the new collaborator of justice Giovan Battista Ferrante [48] , acquitting Pietro Scotto while the sentence of Orofino was reduced to nine years, derubricating it in aiding and abetting; The sentence of life imprisonment for Prophet and the one at eighteen years for Scarantino were confirmed instead [49] . In December 2000 these convictions and the acquittal of Scotto were confirmed by the Court of Cassation. [47] Purse until [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] In January 1996 Salvatore Riina, Pietro Aglieri, Carlo Greco, Giuseppe Calascibetta, Giuseppe Graviano and Salvatore Biondino (accused by Scarantino of having participated in the meeting in Calascibetta in which the killing of Borsellino) but also Francesco were Tagliavia, Cosimo Vernengo, Natale and Antonino Gambino, Giuseppe in the morning, Lorenzo Tinnirello, Gaetano Murana, Gaetano Scotto, Giuseppe Urso, Salvatore Tomaselli, Giuseppe Romano and Salvatore Vitale (always accused by Scarantino of having dealt with the preparation of the car bomb and the transfer of the same on the site of the attack), who appeared defendants in the second vein of the trial for the massacre of via D’Amelio (called “Borsellino bis”), which began on May 14 of the same year. [50] In September 1998, during a hearing, Scarantino publicly portrayed all his accusations, claiming to have suffered mistreatment during his detention in the Pianosa prison and that he had been forced to collaborate by the Quaestor La Barbera. [51] However, the judges do not believe again this umpteenth retraction and in 1999 the Court of Assizes of Caltanissetta, chaired by the judge Pietro Falcone, condemned Salvatore Riina, Pietro Aglieri, Salvatore Biondino, Carlo Greco, Giuseppe Graviano, Gaetano Scotto and Francesco at first instance. Tagliavia at life imprisonment while Giuseppe Calascibetta, Natale Gambino, Giuseppe in the morning, Lorenzo Tinnirello, Giuseppe Urso, Cosimo Vernengo and Salvatore Vitale were sentenced to ten years in prison for mafia association but acquitted by the crime of massacre; Same thing for Antonino Gambino, Gaetano Murana and Salvatore Tomaselli, who however were sentenced to eight years; The only one acquitted was Giuseppe Romano. [52] During the appeal process, the testimony of the collaborator of justice Calogero Pulci (ex mafia of Sommatino and trusted man of the trusted was also acquired boss Giuseppe “Piddu” Madonia), who declared that Gaetano Murana would confided to him in prison that he had participated in the executive phases of the massacre, thus confirming Scarantino’s statements; [ten] [53] Furthermore, in the hearing of 23 May 2001 the deputy chief Gioacchino Genchi (former member of the investigative group “Falcone-Borsellino” of the manager Arnaldo La Barbera) also witnessed, who advanced the hypothesis according to which the remote control that caused the explosion was operated by the castle Utveggio, on Mount Pellegrino, where according to his investigations there was a detached seat of the Sisde, a news that was false. [54] [48] Finally in March 2002 the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Caltanissetta, chaired by Francesco Caruso, judged reliable fleas, condemning to life imprisonment for the crime of massacre also Cosimo Vernengo, Giuseppe on the morning, Christmas Gambino, Lorenzo Tinnirello, Giuseppe Urso e Gaetano Murana, who had instead been acquitted of this accusation at first instance; The life imprisonments inflicted on Salvatore Riina, Pietro Aglieri, Salvatore Biondino, Carlo Greco, Giuseppe Graviano, Gaetano Scotto and Francesco Tagliavia and the sentences of ten years in prison for Giuseppe Calascibetta and Salvatore Vitale, those at eight years for Salvatore Tomaselli e were also confirmed. Antonino Gambino, as well as the acquittal for Giuseppe Romano. [55] In July 2003 these convictions and the acquittal of Romano were confirmed by the Court of Cassation. [56] Purse to have [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] In 1998 the third truncation of the trial began (called “Borsellino ter”), resulting from the declarations of the collaborators of justice Giovan Battista Ferrante, Giovanni Brusca, Salvatore Cancemi, Calogero Ganci, Antonino Galliano and Francesco Paolo Anzelmo: the defendants were Giuseppe “Piddu” Madonia, Benedetto Santapaola, Giuseppe Cal\u00f2, Giuseppe Farinella, Raffaele Ganci, Antonino Giuffr\u00e8, Filippo Graviano, Michelangelo La Barbera, Giuseppe and Salvatore Montalto, Matteo Motisi, Bernardo Provenzano, Francesco Madonia, Mariano Agate, Salvatore Buscemi, Antonino Geraci, Giuseppe Lucchese, Benedetto Spera and the Brusca and Cancemi collaborators themselves (accused of being the members of the provincial and regional “commissions” of Cosa Nostra and therefore of having endorsed the realization of the massacre) but also Salvatore Biondo (born in 1955), the homonymous Salvatore Biondo ( born in 1956), Domenico and Stefano Ganci, Cristofaro Cinnamon and the same collaborator Ferrante (accused of having tried the functioning of the remote control and the electrical devices that served for the explosion and that of having reported the movements of the judge Borsellino and the escort just before of the massacre). [14] In 1999 the Court of Assizes of Caltanissetta, chaired by judge Carmelo Zuccaro, condemned at first instance to the life imprisonment Giuseppe Madonia, Benedetto Santapaola, Giuseppe Cal\u00f2, Giuseppe Farinella, Raffaele Ganci, Antonino Giuffr\u00e8, Filippo Graviano, Michelangelo La Barbera, Giuseppe e Salvatore Montalto, Matteo Motisi, Bernardo Provenzano, Salvatore Biondo (born in 1955), Cristofaro Cannella, Domenico and Stefano Ganci while the collaborator of justice Salvatore Cancemi was sentenced to twenty -six years in prison, the other collaborator Giovan Battista Ferrante at twenty -three years old, Francesco Madonia at Eighteen years old, Salvatore Biondo (born in 1956) at twelve while Mariano Agate, Salvatore Buscemi, Antonino Geraci, Giuseppe Lucchese, Benedetto Spera and the collaborator of justice Giovanni Brusca at sixteen years old. [14] [57] In February 2002 the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Caltanissetta, chaired by Giacomo Bodero Maccabeo, modified the first instance sentence: they were sentenced to life in prison Bernardo Provenzano, Giuseppe Cal\u00f2, Michelangelo La Barbera, Raffaele and Domenico Ganci, Francesco Madonia, Giuseppe Montalto, Filippo Graviano, Cristofaro Cannella, Salvatore Biondo (born in 1955) and Salvatore Biondo (born in 1956); Stefano Ganci was sentenced to twenty years in prison, Giuseppe Madonia, Benedetto Santapaola, Giuseppe Farinella, Antonino Giuffr\u00e8, Salvatore Montalto and Matteo Motisi at sixteen years for mafia association (but acquitted of the crime of massacre) while the sentence was confirmed for Agate, Buscemi, Spera and Lucchese; Instead the collaborators of justice Salvatore Cancemi, Giovanni Brusca and Giovan Battista Ferrante received penis between eighteen and sixteen years old. [58] In January 2003 the Court of Cassation canceled with postponement to the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Catania the acquittals from the accusation of massacres for Salvatore Buscemi, Giuseppe Farinella, Benedetto Santapaola and Antonino Giuffr\u00e8 while the sentence for mafia association was also canceled with postponement for Giuseppe Madonia and Giuseppe Lucchese; The other convictions and acquittals were instead confirmed. [59] On 9 July 2003 the excerpt of Borsellino Ter and part of the procedure for the Capaci massacre, both postponed by the Cassation to the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Catania, were gathered in a single trial because they had attributed in the Municipality: [60] The new collaborators of justice Antonino Giuffr\u00e8, Ciro Vara and Calogero Pulci (who made statements on the meetings of the provincial and regional “commissions” of Cosa Nostra were listened to the classroom in which the massacres were decided) [11] And in April 2006 the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Catania condemned Salvatore Montalto, Giuseppe Farinella, Salvatore Buscemi and Benedetto Santapaola to life imprisonment while, for the massacre of Capaci, Giuseppe Montalto, Giuseppe Madonia were also sentenced to life imprisonment, Giuseppe Madonia, Carlo Greco, Pietro Aglieri, Mariano Agate and Benedetto Spera; Antonino Giuffr\u00e8 and Stefano Ganci were sentenced respectively to twenty and twenty -six years in prison; Giuseppe Lucchese was instead acquitted. [sixty one] In September 2008 the Court of Cassation confirmed this sentence. [62] The survey on hidden principals and the disappearance of the red agenda [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] The tree located in via D’Amelio 21 to commemorate the killing of Paolo Borsellino and his escort In 1993, the Caltanissetta prosecutor opened a second vein parallel to ascertain the responsibilities in the massacres of Capaci and via D’Amelio of any prompts or competitors external to the mafia organization (the so -called “occult instigators” or “with covered face” ): In 1998 Silvio Berlusconi and Marcello Dell’Utri were registered in the register of suspects under the acronyms “Alfa” and “Beta” for competition in the massacre, especially following the statements of story of the collaborator of justice Salvatore Cancemi; [63] However in 2002 the judge for the preliminary investigations of Caltanissetta archively archived the investigation into “Alfa” and “Beta” at the end of the preliminary investigations since the calls had not been able to find of story. [sixty four] In 1994, the Caltanissetta prosecutor enrolled in the register of suspects the former police officer and manager of Sisde Bruno Contrada (already on trial for external competition in mafia association) for competition in the massacre [65] , on the basis of the testimony of the then captain of the Carabinieri Umberto Sinico, who, a few days after the massacre, had revealed to the magistrates that he had learned from a “secret source” that Contrada had been stopped in via D’Amelio by the first steering wheel rushed After the explosion but the service report that attested it had been destroyed on the order of their superiors [66] ; To this were added in 1997 the declarations of the collaborator of justice Francesco Elmo (farmer implicated in various illicit trafficking who claimed to have played in the Gladio organization) who claimed to have passed by chance near via D’Amelio after the attack and to have seen the district between the flames away with a bag [sixty seven] : After various hesitation, Sinico finally revealed that his “secret source” was the police officer Roberto Di Legami, who denied the circumstance and, for this reason, in 2002 he was sent to trial for false testimony, then being acquitted with formula Full three years later [68] [69] . In January 2002 the judge for the preliminary investigations of Caltanissetta archively archive the position of the Contrada because the tests were not enough and since it had been shown that the former official, in the hours of the massacre, was on the boat off the coast of Palermo together with Amici [70] . Also in 2002, the Prosecutor of Caltanissetta also enrolled in the register of suspects, the entrepreneurs Antonino Buscemi, Pino Lipari, Giovanni Bini, Antonino Reale, Benedetto D’Agostino and Agostino Catalano (former owners of large construction companies connected to Calcestruzzi S.p.A. of the Ferruzzi group Gardini who dealt with the illegal management of large contracts on behalf of the mafia organization) for competition in the massacre, based on the declarations of the collaborators of justice Angelo Siino and Giovanni Brusca: [71] [72] In fact, investigations hypothesized an interest that some political-entrepreneurial and mafia environments had to avoid the development and deepening of the investigations that the judges Falcone and Borsellino were conducting on the “mafia and contracts” vein together with the Ros; [72] [seventy three] However in 2003 the judge for the preliminary investigations of Caltanissetta archived the investigations on the accused because “the elements collected do not appear suitable for supporting the accusation” in court. [72] In February 2006, the Caltanissetta prosecutor opened an investigation into the disappearance of the Red Agenda of Judge Borsellino, following the reporting of a photograph taken by a journalist immediately after the attack in which the then captain of the carabinieri Giovanni Arcangioli was seen which He moved away from via D’Amelio with the judge Borsellino’s bag, which was found in the car destroyed by the explosion after a few hours. Questioned by the magistrates, Arcangioli (having become Colonel) claimed to have delivered the bag to the judges Vittorio Teresi and Giuseppe Ayala (who had come to the place of the massacre), but they denyed the circumstance: for these reasons, Colonel Arcangioli was initially investigated for false statements [74] But in February 2008 the judge for preliminary investigations also engraved for the theft of the Red Agenda and the Caltanissetta prosecutor asked for his indictment: [75] However, the judge of the preliminary hearing rejected the request, claiming that there was no evidence for an incrimination of Arcangioli since the bag in question remained for four months at the Palermo mobile team without being open and therefore the agenda may have been Stoped at a later time but also advanced the hypothesis that, at the time of the attack, Borsellino had the red agenda in his hand and not in the bag (as evidenced by the surviving agent Antonino Vullo) [2] And therefore this was destroyed in the explosion. For these reasons, the prosecutor of Caltanissetta appealed to the Court of Cassation, which however did not welcome him, supporting the thesis of the judge of the preliminary hearing. [ten] In 2009, on the basis of the new revelations of the collaborators of justice Vito Lo Forte and Francesco Marullo, the National Anti -Mafia Directorate led by Pietro Grasso identified “Monster face” (Fantomatico killer with the face defaced to the money of mafia and diverted secret services) in Giovanni Aiello [76] [77] , a former policeman who had served in Sicily and then had been dismissed because he was disfigured to a cheek by a shot [78] : Always in the same year, the Caltanissetta prosecutor enrolled Aiello in the register of suspects for competition in the massacres of Capaci and via D’Amelio (but also for the failed attack on the Addaura) since the two collaborators had talked about his alleged role in the three attacks [79] ; However, the investigation was archived in 2012 by the judge for the preliminary investigations of Caltanissetta because they were not confirming the story of Lo Forte and Marullo, while claiming that “Multiple other circumstances lead to identifying the subject of whom the collaborators Lo Forte and Marullo spoke in the person of today’s investigated”. [80] [76] In 2010, the Caltanissetta prosecutor enrolled in the register of suspects the former Sisde official Lorenzo Narracci (Bruno Contrada’s right arm) for competition in the massacre, as the collaborator of Justice Gaspare Spatuzza would have recognized him photographically as the mysterious man present In the garage where the car bomb was prepared [ten] [81] ; Narracci defended himself by saying that in the hours of the massacre he was at a boat trip off the coast of Palermo together with his colleague Contrada and other friends [70] And in 2016 the accusations were stored since the recognition made by Spatuzza was certainly not [82] [ten] . The process “Borsellino quater “And on the” State-Mafia negotiation ” [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] In June 2008 Gaspare Spatuzza (ex mafia of Brancaccio) began to collaborate with justice and self -accused the theft of the Fiat 126 used in the attack, denying the version given by the collaborators of justice Scarantino and Candura: in particular Spatuzza declared that he had completed the The theft of the car on the night of 8 July 1992 (eleven days before the attack) together with his partner Vittorio Tutino, on behalf of Cristofaro Cinella and Giuseppe Graviano (head of the Brancaccio family); Spatuzza also reported that he brought the stolen car to the workshop of this Maurizio Costa (where the damaged brakes and clutch was repaired) and then on July 18 (the day before the massacre) in another garage near via D’Amelio, where Lorenzo Tinnirello and Francesco Tagliavia provides to prepare the trigger and the explosive inside the car. [ten] [83] Following these statements, the prosecutor of Caltanissetta led by the chief prosecutor Sergio Lari, flanked by the added prosecutors Domenico Gozzo and Amedeo Bertone and prosecutors Nicol\u00f2 Marino, Gabriele Paci and Stefano Luciani, reopened the investigations on the massacre in via D’Amelio [84] : in 2009 the former collaborators of justice Scarantino, Candura and Andriotta confessed to the magistrates that they had been forced to collaborate by the manager of the Barbera mobile team and his investigative group, who submitted them to strong psychological pressures, mistreatment and threats to push them to declare them The false, while the former collaborator Calogero Pulci claimed to have acted as an initiative because, according to him, he wanted to help the investigators. [ten] In 2009, following the declarations of Massimo Ciancimino concerning the investigation into the so-called “State-Mafia negotiation”, the prosecutors of Caltanissetta and Palermo listened to the testimonies of Liliana Ferraro (former deputy director of criminal affairs at the Ministry of Justice) e of the former minister Claudio Martelli, who confirmed that they had been approached by the then colonel of the carabinieri Mario Mori who asked for “political coverage” for his contacts with Vito Ciancimino in order to stop the massacres; In particular, Ferraro declared that he talked about it with the judge Borsellino, who was already informed of the contacts between Ciancimino and the carabinieri. [85] In fact, the investigation revealed that on June 25, 1992 (about a month before being killed) Borsellino met with Colonel Mori and with the then captain Giuseppe De Donno: according to what was declared by Mori and De Donno to the magistrates, during That Borsellino meeting limited himself to talking to them on the investigations of the “Mafia and Procurement” investigation. [85] In the same period, Agnese Piraino Leto (widow of Borsellino) declared to the magistrates that, a few days before being killed, the husband confided that the general of the carabinieri Antonio Subranni (direct superior of Colonel Mori) was close to mafia environments and that c ‘It was a contact between the mafia and deviated parts of the state. [ten] The magistrates of Palermo and Caltanissetta also acquired the declarations made by the collaborators of justice Salvatore Cancemi and Giovanni Brusca in the “Borsellino ter” trial, [14] in which they affirmed that Salvatore Riina had the preparation of the attack on the honorable Calogero Mannino suspend and insisted particularly to accelerate the killing of Borsellino and perform it in striking ways [ten] ; In particular, Riina would have said to Brusca that the negotiation had suddenly interrupted and there was ” A wall to overcome And, according to the magistrate Nino Di Matteo (who led the investigations on the “negotiation”), the massacre of via D’Amelio was performed for ” protect the negotiation from the danger that dr. Borsellino, coming to know, revealed and publicly denounced its existence, thus irreversibly affecting its desired outcome \u00bb [85] . In April 2011 also Fabio Tranchina (former trusted man of Giuseppe Graviano) began to collaborate with justice, confirming the declarations of Spatuzza: in fact Tranchina reported that a week before the massacre he had made two stalking in via D’Amelio together with Graviano , who also asked him to get him an apartment nearby but then told him that he had decided to place himself in the garden behind a wall at the bottom of via D’Amelio to operate the remote control that caused the explosion. [ten] [eighty six] For these reasons, on October 27 of the same year, the Court of Assizes of appeal of Catania ordered the suspension of the sentence for Salvatore Profeta, Natale Gambino, Giuseppe in the morning, Giuseppe Urso, Cosimo Vernengo, Gaetano Murana, Gaetano Scotto and Vincenzo Scarantino , who had been sentenced in the “Borsellino Uno” and “Borsellino bis” processes. [eighty seven] On March 2, 2012, the judge for the preliminary investigations of Caltanissetta Alessandra Giunta issued an order for pre -trial detention for Vittorio Tutino, Calogero Pulci (accused of slander), Salvatore Madonia (accused of having been a member of the “Provincial Commission” of Cosa Nostra As a regent of the Resuttana mandate and therefore of having endorsed the massacre) and Salvatore Vitale (accused by Spatuzza of having made available his riding school for the delivery of the stolen plates to be affixed to the self -bomb to avoid identification and have to have The visits of the judge Borsellino to the mother was checked as he lived in the same building in via D’Amelio): [ten] [84] However, the procedure against Vitale was suspended because of his serious health conditions, which led him to death some time later; [17] Finally, in November of the same year, the Caltanissetta prosecutor closed the investigations on the massacre. [88] On March 13, 2013, the judge of the preliminary hearing of Caltanissetta sentenced the collaborators Spatuzza and Tranchina with the abbreviated rite to fifteen and ten years in prison respectively for their role in the massacre, while the former collaborator Salvatore Candura was sentenced to twelve years old for aggravated slander; [89] A few days later the fourth trial for the massacre of via D’Amelio (called “Borsellino Quater”) opened, who saw the defendants Vittorio Tutino, Salvatore Madonia and the former collaborators Vincenzo Scarantino, Francesco Andriotta and Calogero Pulci. [90] In April 2017, the Court of Assizes of Caltanissetta, chaired by the judge Antonio Balsamo, sentenced Tutino and Madonia to life imprisonment for the crime of massacre at first instance while the former collaborators Andriotta and Pulci were sentenced to ten years in prison for blade; The crime of Scarantino was instead prescribed thanks to the concession of the mitigating acts for having been induced to make false statements [91] . On November 15, 2019, the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Caltanissetta, chaired by the judge Andreina Occhipinti, confirmed the first instance sentences and the prescription for Scarantino [92] [93] . On October 5, 2021 the Cassation fully confirmed this sentence. [ninety four] As for the trial on the State-Mafia negotiation, on 4 November 2015 the judge of the preliminary hearing of Palermo, Marina Petruzzella acquitted Calogero Mannino (judged with the abbreviated rite) by the accusation contested to him for ” not having committed the fact ” [95] ; The acquittal sentence was confirmed on appeal on July 22, 2019 [96] and also from the Cassation on 11 December 2020 [97] . For the defendants judged with the ordinary rite, on 20 April 2018 the Court of Assizes of Palermo, chaired by dr. Alfredo Montalto, he pronounced the first instance sentence, with which Mario Mori, Antonio Subranni, Marcello Dell\u2019Utri, Antonino Cin\u00e0, at eight years Giuseppe De Donno and Massimo Ciancimino were sentenced to twelve years of prison (for him the crime was prescribed ), twenty -eight years Leoluca Bagarella; The accusations against Giovanni Brusca, and Nicola Mancino was also prescribed, as requested by the ministries [98] . On September 23, 2021, the Court of Assizes of Appeal of Palermo overturned the first instance sentence and acquitted Mori, Subranni and De Donno because “The fact does not constitute a crime” and the former Senator of Utri “For not having committed the fact” , as he confirmed the prescription for Brusca and the twelve -year sentence of the Capomafia Antonino Cin\u00e0 and reduced the boss Bagarella to twenty -seven years. [99] Trial on the alleged sidetrack of investigations [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] In July 2018, the Caltanissetta prosecutor asked for the indictment for the police officer Mario Bo and for the inspectors Michele Ribaudo and Fabrizio Mattei, on charges of slander in competition; In fact, the three had been part of the “Falcone-Borsellino” investigative group led by the manager of the Palermo Mobile Team Arnaldo La Barbera (who died in 2002) who took care of the first investigations on the massacre in via D’Amelio and had managed the controversial collaboration with Vincenzo Scarantino’s justice: according to the investigations of the Caltanissetta prosecutor’s office and the evidence that emerged during the first degree trial called “Borsellino Quater”, the three policemen would have led Scarantino to make false statements by subjecting him to threats, mistreatment and psychological pressure [100] [101] [102] . The trial began on November 5 of the same year before the Caltanissetta court [103] . On 12 July 2022 the Court of Assizes of Caltanisetta declared the crime for Mario Bo and Fabrizio Mattei prescribed while Ribaudo was acquitted ” because the fact does not constitute a crime “. [104] Process against Matteo Messina Denaro for the massacres of Capaci and Via D’Amelio [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ] Matteo Messina Denaro in a repertoire photo. In January 2016, Caltanissetta’s gup issued an order for pre -trial detention against Matteo Messina Denaro, leading of Castelvetrano fugitive since 1993, on charges of being one of the instigators of the massacres of Capaci and via D’Amelio [105] . The charge was based on the declarations of collaborators of justice already acquired in the various trials on the massacres that have been celebrated in previous years: in fact, according to the collaborators Vincenzo Sinacori, Francesco Geraci and Giovanni Brusca, in September 1991 Messina Denaro participated in a meeting a Castelvetrano in which Salvatore Riina communicated the decision to kick off the tracked strategy, sending precisely to Rome the boss Castelvetranese together with other mafia to kill Giovanni Falcone, only to then call them back to Sicily to perform the attack differently [106] ; Furthermore, according to Sinacori, Geraci and Brusca, Messina Denaro himself would have designed the murder of Paolo Borsellino while he was chief prosecutor to Marsala since the judge had been among the first investigators, together with Commissioner Calogero German\u00e0, to investigate the activities of the “Family” Messina Denaro, at the time almost unknown to the investigative bodies, and in fact had issued a capture mandate for mafia association against the “patriarch” Francesco Messina Denaro, father of Matteo [107] [105] [108] . For these reasons, the following year the Gup of Caltanissetta Marcello Testaquadra ordered the indictment for Messina money on charges of massacre; The process opened on March 13 of the same year [109] [110] [111] . On October 20, 2020, the Court of Assizes of Caltanissetta, chaired by the judge Roberta Serio, sentenced Messina money to the ergastic for the crime of massacre to life imprisonment [108] . A year after the massacre, on the initiative of Mrs. Maria Pia Lepanto, mother of judge Borsellino, in the crater left by the explosion of via D’Amelio an olive tree was planted from Bethlehem as a symbol of peace and justice among the peoples [112] . Every year, on the anniversary of the massacre, events and cultural events are organized to remember the tragic attack in which the judge Borsellino and the escort agents lost their lives [113] . ^   History of Emanuela died in a twenty -four uniform . are Archive – La Repubblica.it , July 21, 1992. URL consulted on 12 December 2018  ( filed February 22, 2014) .  ^  a b c d  L’Espresso, Arianna Giunti, Via D’Amelio, still too many mysteries  Filed On December 4, 2013 on the Internet Archive. , 18 July 2013  ^   Massacre in massacre . are Archive – La Repubblica.it , July 21, 1992. URL consulted on 12 December 2018  ( filed February 22, 2014) .  ^   Paolo-Borsellino-Attached . are ilpost.it . URL consulted on 12 December 2018  ( filed March 6, 2019) .  ^   The massacre of via D’Amelio from the Ansa archives . are Ansa.it , 19 July 2018. URL consulted on 12 December 2018  ( filed March 6, 2019) .  ^  a b c d It is f g h i j k l m   First degree sentence of the “Borsellino Quater” trial ( PDF ).  ^  a b c  Attilio Bolzoni, All the plans to kill Paolo Borsellino . are Mafias . URL consulted on February 25, 2022 .  ^  Adriano Sofri, Mauro Rostagno reacting smiling , Sellerio Editore Srl, 11 July 2014, ISBN 978-88-389-3274-8. 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URL consulted on February 10, 2014  ( filed February 22, 2014) .  ^   Suicide of honor on the island of the damned – La Repubblica.it . are Archive – La Repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 18, 2022 .  ^   Palermo, Brusca confirms the negotiation “Riina spoke to me before via D’Amelio” ” . are Daily fact , 10 October 2011. URL consulted on February 18, 2022 .  ^  a b   The lifer boss who lived in via D’Amelio died . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 13, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   Court sentence of Cassation – Section I Criminal (page 3) ( PDF ), are ipezzancanti.it . URL consulted on March 24, 2014  ( filed March 24, 2014) .  ^  Rapid 904 massacre, the prosecutor’s consultant: “The explosive is the same as in via D’Amelio”  Filed On December 16, 2014 on the Internet Archive. Rainews.it  ^  a b  Giovanni Bianconi, The repentant and the massacres. The new truth that agitates anti -mafia , in Corriere della Sera , April 22, 2009. 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URL consulted on February 27, 2022 .  ^   A 13 -year -old gun and a boss for brother -in -law . are Archive – La Repubblica.it , September 30, 1992. URL consulted on January 30, 2014  ( filed February 19, 2014) .  ^   Died mafia boss Salvatore Prophet . are Ansa.it , 19 September 2018. URL consulted on September 19, 2018  ( filed September 19, 2018) .  ^  a b   I was to procure the car bomb . are Archive – La Repubblica.it , 25 May 1995. URL consulted on February 3, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   ‘He was the one who spy on Borsellino … . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 3, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   ‘Scarantino is homosexual . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 3, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   ‘I said lies’ the repentant portrayed but it is a yellow . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 3, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^  a b   Borsellino confirmed convictions . are ricerma.repubblica.it . 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URL consulted on November 4, 2014  ( filed November 4, 2014) .  ^  The phrase “in via D’Amelio has to do with the services in Castello Utveggio continues to be overshadowed and which after five minutes from the attack have disappeared”, attributed to a defendant of the trial for the state-mafia negotiation by two agents of escort present at the transmission of the session of 31 May 2013, second Negotiation, Riina’s “confessions” to the tire agents: \u201cMy arrest? Fault of Provenzano and Ciancimino ” , Quotidiano Fact, June 30, 2016  Filed 1 July 2016 on the Internet Archive ..  ^   Borsellino bis, confirmed life sentences maxi compensation from 300 thousand euros . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 6, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   The mafia does not accept prison . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 6, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   La Repubblica\/Chronicle: Borsellino murder rain of life sentences . are repubblica.it . URL consulted on May 13, 2021 .  ^   Borsellino ter, eleven life sentences . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 10, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   Via D’Amelio, massacre of the dome . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on 11 February 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   Single process for massacres . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on 11 February 2014  ( filed April 5, 2018) .  ^   the sentence . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on 11 February 2014  ( filed April 5, 2018) .  ^   Massacre of ’92 life prison for principals . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on 11 February 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   Report of the Anti -Mafia Parliamentary Commission – XVI Legislature ( PDF ). URL consulted on 11 September 2014  (archived by URL Original March 21, 2014) .  ^  Francesco Viviano, Massacres of Capaci and via d’Amelali storage for Berlusconi , in the Republic , May 4, 2002. URL consulted on October 8, 2011  ( filed April 30, 2011) .  ^   For the massacre of via D’Amelio Contrada before the judge – La Repubblica.it . are Archive – La Repubblica.it . URL consulted on May 15, 2021 .  ^   Massacres, the contrada mystery – La Repubblica.it . are Archive – La Repubblica.it . URL consulted on May 15, 2021 .  ^   ‘I saw Contrada on the place of the massacre’ – La Repubblica.it . are Archive – La Repubblica.it . URL consulted on May 15, 2021 .  ^   ‘Contrada was in via D’Amelio’ deputy chief for false for false – La Repubblica.it . are Archive – La Repubblica.it . URL consulted on May 15, 2021 .  ^   Of bonds, the superpoliziotto of Palermo that investigated cyberspionage . are the Republic , 11 January 2017. URL consulted on May 16, 2021 .  ^  a b   Why is it still on duty? Briguglio’s doubts about the man of the Mysteries . are Daily fact , 18 August 2010. URL consulted on May 15, 2021 .  ^  Brusca: “Riina wanted to exploit Ferruzzi. There was also the attachment with a magistrate”  Filed On 6 October 2014 on the Internet Archive. Corriere della Sera, 11 February 1999  ^  a b c  Marco Travaglio, Suicide Gardini and recycled funds the new truths of the anti -mafia prosecutors , in the Republic , October 16, 2003. URL consulted on 11 September 2014  ( filed on 11 September 2014) .  ^   Among the mediators there were a turnaround and salamis . are Archive – La Repubblica.it . URL consulted on 29 May 2021 .  ^   Borsellino Agenda there is an suspect . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 16, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   A soldier steal the agenda of Borsellino . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 16, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^  a b   Massacres: for prosecutors it has an “monster face” name, zipper between state and mafia . are Daily fact , 8 October 2013. URL consulted on June 24, 2021 .  ^   Blog | Exclusive\/2 mafia massacres: the act of DNA investigative impulse on “Monster face” disappears in the Palermo Prosecutor’s Office . are The sun 24 hours , November 16, 2016. URL consulted on July 25, 2021 .  ^   Here is who the woman of the mystery is in the Sicilian massacres: for the first time her identity revealed . are The espresso , May 3, 2021. URL consulted on June 24, 2021 .  ^   Bombs, murders and massacres in Sicily: here are all the ‘monster face’ accusations’ . are the Republic , 9 July 2014. URL consulted on June 24, 2021 .  ^   Minority report on the death of Attilio Manca, doc. XXIII, n. 45 -bis – parliamentary documents ( PDF ), are documenti.camera.it , Parliamentary commission of investigation into the phenomenon of mafias and other criminal associations, also foreign – XVII legislature.  ^   Spatuzza seems to recognize the 007 near the car of the attack in Borsellino – Corriere della Sera . are Corriere.it . URL consulted on May 15, 2021 .  ^  by Giuseppe Pipitone, Paolo Borsellino, the mysteries on the massacre of via D’Amelio 25 years later: from the sidetracking without guilty to the Red Agenda – Page 6 of 8 – Il Fatto Quotidiano . are ilfattoquotidiano.it . URL consulted on May 15, 2021 .  ^   Question of the collaborator of Justice Gaspare Spatuzza ( PDF ), are Antimafia.altervista.org . URL consulted on February 22, 2014  ( filed on October 19, 2014) .  ^  a b   Via D’Amelio, four arrests for the PM massacre: “Borsellino betrayed by a carabiniere” . are the Republic , 8 Marzo 2012. URL consulted on October 16, 2021 .  ^  a b c   Audition of the prosecutor Francesco Messineo before the Parliamentary Anti -Mafia Commission – XVI Legislature ( PDF ). URL consulted on March 19, 2014  (archived by URL Original April 7, 2014) .  ^   Tranchina decides to collaborate ‘Graviano portai in via D’Amelio . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 12, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   And the life sentences condemned in the old trial return to freedom . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 12, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   The investigation is closed in 7 towards the trial . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 13, 2014  ( filed February 21, 2014) .  ^   Via D’Amelio, first three fifteen sentences of the repentant Spatuzza . are ricerma.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 13, 2014  ( filed February 19, 2014) .  ^   New trial via d’Amelio asked for Napolitano testimony . are palermo.repubblica.it . URL consulted on February 13, 2014  ( filed February 19, 2014) .  ^   Mafia, Borsellino Quater: the prescription Save Scarantino . are the Republic , April 20, 2017. URL consulted on November 6, 2020 .  ^   Mafia. Borsellino Quater, confirmed all the sentences on appeal . are Rainews . URL consulted on November 6, 2020 .  ^   Borsellino Quater, the prescription saves Scarantino. The other false repentant condemned . are the Republic , November 15, 2019. URL consulted on November 6, 2020 .  ^   Borsellino Quater, the sentences for the massacre of via D’Amelio and the sidetracking of the investigations are definitive. The PG: “shameful and tragic page” . are Daily fact , 5 October 2021. URL consulted on October 6, 2021 .  ^   Mannino, a judicial odyssey of over 20 years . are Giornale di Sicilia . URL consulted on October 14, 2021 .  ^  Salvo Palazzolo, State-mafia negotiation, Mannino acquitted again. On appeal confirmed the ruling of the gup , in the Republic , 22 July 2019. URL consulted on 22 July 2019 .  ^   Mafia state negotiation, confirmed in the Court of Cassation the acquittal of the former Minister Calogero Mannino . are Daily fact , 11 December 2020. URL consulted on October 14, 2021 .  ^   State-mafia negotiation, historical sentence: Mori and Dell’Utri sentenced to 12 years. Di Matteo: “Ex senator transmission belt between Cosa Nostra and Berlusconi” . are Daily fact , April 20, 2018. URL consulted on October 14, 2021 .  ^  State-mafia negotiation: acquitted carabinieri and of Utri  ^   The judges: “Via D\u2019Amelio the greatest sidetrack in history\u00bb The video . are Corriere della Sera , 7 January 2018. URL consulted on November 6, 2020 .  ^   Paolo Borsellino, the mysteries on the massacre of via D’Amelio 25 years later: from the sidetracking without guilty to the Red Agenda . are Daily fact , 18 July 2017. URL consulted on November 6, 2020 .  ^   Massacre via d’Amelio, request for indictment for Bo – Tgr Friuli Venezia Giulia . are TGR . URL consulted on November 6, 2020 .  ^   Via D’Amelio, 3 police policemen for sidetracking . are Adnkronos . URL consulted on November 6, 2020 .  ^   Desserting Borsellino, no guilty: the aggravating mafia of the slander falls, two former police officers of the Pool massacre prescribed. Acquitted the third . are Daily fact , 12 July 2022. URL consulted on July 14, 2022 .  ^  a b   Massacres of Capaci and via d’Amelio, the principal was Matteo Messina Denaro . are Panorama , January 22, 2016. URL consulted on September 13, 2021 .  ^   Mafia, PM says: “Cosa nostra wanted to kill Falcone in Rome” . are lasicilia.it . URL consulted on September 13, 2021 .  ^   Borsellino and Messina Denaro, the ‘slap’ to the judge . are Agi . URL consulted on September 15, 2021 .  ^  a b   Life sentence to the fugitive Messina Denaro: “He was among the instigators of the massacres of 1992” . are Lastampa.it , 21 October 2020. URL consulted on September 13, 2021 .  ^   Massacres of Capaci and via d’Amelio, Messina money indicted . are Giornale di Sicilia . URL consulted on September 13, 2021 .  ^   Mafia: massacres, part of the trial in Messina Denaro. Will deport Spatuzza . are Agi . URL consulted on September 13, 2021 .  ^   Massacres ’92: Messina money for trial – Chronicle . are Ansa.it , 23 January 2017. URL consulted on September 13, 2021 .  ^   The Tree of Peace in via D’Amelio . are Institutional website of the Municipality of Palermo . URL consulted on March 2, 2022 .  ^   The anniversary of via D’Amelio, Sassoli: “The massacre is a still open wound” . are the Republic , 18 July 2021. URL consulted on March 2, 2022 .  Rita Di Giovacchino, Massimo Brutti (preface by), The black book of the First Republic , 1st ed., Rome, fazi publisher, 2003, isbn 978-88-8-63-63-0. Maurizio Torrealta, Antonio Ingroia, Negotiation. Mafia and state: a dialogue with bombs , Editori Riuniti, 2002, ISBN 978-88-359-5195-7. Sandra Rizza, Giuseppe Lo Bianco, The red agenda of Paolo Borsellino , Chiarelettere, 2007, ISBN 978-88-6190-014-1. Sandra Rizza, Giuseppe Lo Bianco, The black agenda of the second republic , Chiarelettere, 2010, ISBN 978-88-6190-099-8. Rosalba di Gregorio, Dina Lauricella, On the wrong side. The death of Paolo Borsellino and the sidetracks of via D’Amelio , Preface by Peter Gomez and Nico Gozzo, Castelvecchi, 2018. Salvatore Borsellino (edited by), The Republic of massacres. 1978\/1994. The blood pact between state, mafia, p2 and black subversion , PaperFIRST, 2018.  Paolo Borsellino and the Red Agenda ( PDF ), are 19Luglio1992.com , 19 July 2012. URL consulted on 22 July 2012 .\u00abI didn’t like Palermo, so I learned to love her. Because true love consists in Amare what we don’t like to be able to change it ”       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/massacre-of-via-damelio-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Massacre of via d’Amelio – Wikipedia"}}]}]