[{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BlogPosting","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/melias-wikipedia\/#BlogPosting","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/melias-wikipedia\/","headline":"Melias \u2014 Wikipedia","name":"Melias \u2014 Wikipedia","description":"before-content-x4 A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i. after-content-x4 Do not confuse with Mleh, Armenian prince from 1170 to 1175. after-content-x4 M\u00e9ias","datePublished":"2019-06-28","dateModified":"2019-06-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/#Person","name":"lordneo","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/author\/lordneo\/","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/44a4cee54c4c053e967fe3e7d054edd4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/wiki4\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/download.jpg","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c1\/Byzantine_Empire_Themata-950-fr.svg\/330px-Byzantine_Empire_Themata-950-fr.svg.png","url":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/c\/c1\/Byzantine_Empire_Themata-950-fr.svg\/330px-Byzantine_Empire_Themata-950-fr.svg.png","height":"201","width":"330"},"url":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/melias-wikipedia\/","wordCount":4639,"articleBody":"     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});before-content-x4A wikipedia article, free l’encyclop\u00e9i.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Do not confuse with Mleh, Armenian prince from 1170 to 1175.        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4M\u00e9ias (en grec: honey) ou Can (in Armenian: Billeh , or often MLIR GREAT , Mleh Mets , “Mleh the Great” in Armenian sources) is an Armenian prince at the end of IX It is and the beginning of X It is century. Entering the Byzantine service, he became a recognized general, founding the theme of the Lykandos, and participated in Jean Kourkouas’ campaigns against the Arabs.   Origins [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Mleh is a member of the Armenian nobility of nakharark Called M\u00e9lias, perhaps from the Vara\u017enouni clan (and in this case grandson of Mliah, prince of Vara\u017enounik, in Vaspourakan [ first ] ), appears for the first time in historical sources as a vassal (or servant [ 2 ] , or companion [ 3 ] ) Achot Makrocheir, “in the long hand”, an Armenian prince (probably a Bagratide of the Taron) [ first ] , [ 4 ] , [ 5 ] . Emigration and exile [ modifier | Modifier and code ] Achot puts itself at the service of the Byzantines around 890. As a member of the Armenian contingent, Mleh or M\u00e9lias fights on the side of the Byzantines during the disastrous battle of Bulgarophygon against the Bulgarians. Achot perishes during the battle alongside most of the Byzantine forces [ 4 ] , [ 5 ] . M\u00e9lias escapes and returns to the Byzantine eastern border. There, apparently under the authority of the hypostrate of the theme of the Anatolics, he leads a briganding life and fights the Arabs [ first ] , in particular the emirate of M\u00e9lit\u00e8ne, and establishes a semi-autonomous lordship in hills west of the city. After having participated in the failed aristocratic rebellion of Andronic Doukas against the emperor Leon VI the Sage in 905, M\u00e9lias is forced to flee to M\u00e9lit\u00e8ne with other Armenian nobles to escape reprisals [ 5 ] , [ 6 ] .        (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4Feedback [ modifier | Modifier and code ] However, in 907 [ 7 ] Or 908, the Emperor Leon grants his forgiveness to the rebels who return to ensure command functions on the eastern border. M\u00e9lias is first named tourmarque from the Trypia region (Euphrat\u00e9ia, Er\u00e8mia, parades, in the theme of S\u00e9baste [ first ] ), before having to fall back to the west in 909 [ first ] . He is then named kleisourarque a kleisourie , a fortified regional command. This kleisoura is a district centered around the Lykandos fort that M\u00e9lias rebuilt and which is colonized by Armenians. In the following decades, it becomes one of the main Byzantine bases to launch attacks against Arabs [ 8 ] . Almost immediately, M\u00e9lias embarks on the extension of his province. Very competent in small -scale border wars, he seizes mountainous regions of Tzamandos and symposion that he strengthens [ 9 ] . These various fortification works consolidate the border and “prepare a solid basis for future offensives of the X It is century ” [ 7 ] .  Themes in Asia Minor around 950. The threat posed by this new province on melit\u00e8ne is recognized in Arab sources (which call Mleh Mal\u00eeh a-Amani And Sahib Al-Duro\u00fbB [ ten ] , “Lord of the parades” [ 11 ] ). In fact, in 909 or 912, a major assault was launched against M\u00e9lias but is successfully pushed back. In 915, M\u00e9lias and his troops launched a raid against Arab territory which reaches Germanic\u00e9e (today Kahramanmara\u015f) [ 5 ] , [ 6 ] ; It is accompanied by an offensive on Cilicia [ 11 ] . In 916, as a reward for its value and loyalty, the kleisoura De Lykandos is raised to the rank of theme and M\u00e9lias becomes the strategist with the rank of Patrice then teachers . The following year, M\u00e9lias and his men took part in the campaign against Bulgaria which ends with a new disastrous defeat during the battle of Anchialos [ twelfth ] . In Jean Kourkouas’ campaigns from 926, M\u00e9lias plays an important role. In 927, Kourkouas and M\u00e9lias attack M\u00e9lit\u00e8ne and managed to seize the city, except the citadel which continues to resist. M\u00e9lit\u00e8ne swears allegiance to the Byzantine Empire [ 13 ] , [ 14 ] . Soon, M\u00e9lit\u00e8ne renounces the treaty and was again besieged by the Byzantines. According to an Arab account, M\u00e9lias tries to infiltrate the city by disguising some of his men as craftsmen but the cunning is thwarted. Nevertheless, the city accepted shortly after hosting a Byzantine garrison [ 15 ] , [ 16 ] . In 930, M\u00e9lias launched a raid against the territory near Samosate but he was defeated by General Nedjm and one of his sons was captured and brought to Baghdad. Nothing is known to its subsequent activities in the East. We know, however, that he entered 934 in M\u00e9lit\u00e8ne alongside Jean Kourkouas [ 17 ] . He died the same year [ 5 ] . The descendants of M\u00e9lias continue to play an important role in the Lykandos and the Byzantine army. Another M\u00e9lias is mentioned as the service of Jean Tzimisk\u00e8s, first under the reign of Nic\u00e9phore II Phocas then under the personal reign of Jean Tzimisk\u00e8s (as a servant of Scholes [ 18 ] ) until his death in 976. It was also suggested that the memory of M\u00e9lias was preserved in the figure of the so -called Melementz\u00e8s, a character of the Akrita digitalis [ 5 ] , [ 19 ] . \u2191 A B C D and E D\u00e9r\u00e9yan 1993, p. 69  \u2191 Brousselle 1996, p. 47  \u2191 D\u00e9r\u00e9yan 1993, p. 68  \u2191 a et b Whittow 1996, p. 315-316  \u2191 a b c d e and f Kazhdan 1991, p. 1334  \u2191 a et b Whittow 1996, p. 316  \u2191 a et b Cheynet and D\u00e9d\u00e9yan 2007, p. 309.  \u2191 Kazhdan 1991, p. 1258, 1334  \u2191 Porphyrog\u00e9n\u00e9te and bekkerus 1840, Of themes , p. 33 And Of managing empire , p. 228  \u2191 D\u00e9r\u00e9yan 1993, p. 72  \u2191 a et b D\u00e9r\u00e9yan 1993, p. 71  \u2191 Treadgold 1997, p. 474  \u2191 Treadgold 1997, p. 479  \u2191 RUNCIMAN 1988, p. 136  \u2191 Treadgold 1997, p. 480  \u2191 RUNCIMAN 1988, p. 138-139  \u2191 D\u00e9r\u00e9yan 1996, p. 79-80  \u2191 Cheynet 2006, p. 35  \u2191 Whittow 1996, p. 356  Primary source Constantine Porphyrogen and Immanuel Bekkerus , Constantine Porphyrie: The themes and manufacture of the government. Additionally Hieroclus synecdemus with the Bandurii and Wesselingii recorder , Bonn, Ed. Weber, 1840 Secondary sources Isabelle Brousselle , “The integration of Armenians into the Byzantine aristocracy in XI It is century ” , in Nina Garso\u00efan (dir.), Armenia and Byzantium: History and culture: Proceedings of the conference organized in Paris by the Center for Research of History and Civilization Byzantine , Paris, publications of the Sorbonne, 1996 (ISBN\u00a0 978-2859443009 ) , p. 43-54 . Jean Claude Cheynet ( you. ), The Byzantine world , vol. \u00a0II\u00a0: The Byzantine Empire (641-1204) , Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, coll. “New Clio”, 2006 (ISBN\u00a0 978-2-13-052007-8 ) . Jean Claude Cheynet and G\u00e9rard D\u00e9tanan , “Imperial vocation or diasporical fatality: Armenians in Byzantium ( IV It is – XI It is century) ” , in G\u00e9rard D\u00e9d\u00e9yan (dir.), History of the Armenian people , Toulouse, Privat, 2007 ( first re  ed. 1982) [Detail of editions]  (ISBN\u00a0 978-2-7089-6874-5 ) , p. 297-326 . G\u00e9rard D\u00e9tanan \u00ab Mleh le Grand, strategist of Lykandos \u00bb, Armenian studies review , vol. \u00a0XV,\u200e 1981 , p. 73-102 . G\u00e9rard D\u00e9tanan , “Armenians on the South Oriental border of Byzantium, end IX It is – END XI It is centuries ” , in Yves Roman (dir.), The border: research seminar , Lyon, house of the East and the Mediterranean Jean Pouilloux, 1993 ( read online ) , p. 67-85 . G\u00e9rard D\u00e9tanan , “The Armenian princes of Euphratese and the Byzantine Empire (end XI It is – environment XII It is S.)\u00a0\u00bb , in Nina Garso\u00efan (dir.), Armenia and Byzantium: History and culture: Proceedings of the conference organized in Paris by the Center for Research of History and Civilization Byzantine , Paris, publications of the Sorbonne, 1996 (ISBN\u00a0 978-2859443009 ) , p. 79-88 . Rodolphe Guilland , Research on Byzantine institutions, volume I , Berlin, Akademie-Verlag, 1967 ( read online ) (in) Alexander Kazhdan ( you. ), Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium , New York et Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1991 , first re  ed. , 3 tom. (ISBN\u00a0 978-0-19-504652-6 And 0-19-504652-8 , LCCN 90023208 ) (in) Steven RUNCIMAN , The Emperor Romanus Lecapenus and His Reign\u00a0: A Study of Tenth-Century Byzantium , Cambridge, United Kingdom, Cambridge University Press, 1988 ( first re  ed. 1929), 275 p.  (ISBN\u00a0 0-521-35722-5 , read online ) (in) Warren Treadgold , A History of the Byzantine State and Society , Stanford University Press, 1997 , 1019 p.  (ISBN\u00a0 0-8047-2630-2-2 , read online ) (in) Mark Whittow , The Making of Byzantium, 600\u20131025 , University of California Press, 1996       (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});after-content-x4"},{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Enzyklop\u00e4die"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.edu.vn\/all2en\/wiki32\/melias-wikipedia\/#breadcrumbitem","name":"Melias \u2014 Wikipedia"}}]}]