Oulx – Wikipedia

Oulx common
View of the Oulx plain
Location
State	Italy
Region	Piedmont
Metropolitan city	Turin
Administration
Mayor	Andrea Terzolo (civic list commitment for the common good) from 27-5-2019
Territory
Coordinate	45°01′58.99″N 6 ° 49′57.04 ″ and / 45.033052 ° n 6.83251 ° e 45,033052; 6.83251 ( Oulx )
Altitude	1 100 [first]  m s.l.m.
Surface	99,79 km²
Inhabitants	3 235 [2] (June 30, 2022)
Density	32,42 ab./km2
Fractions	Amazas, hostels, Beaulard, Beaume, Chateau-Beaulard, Clots, Constans, Gad, Monfol, Pierremenaud, Puy, Royeres, San Marco, Savoulx, Signols, Soubras, Vazon, Villard
Neighboring municipalities	Bardonecchia, Cesana Torinese, Exilles, Névache (FR-05), Pragelato, Salbertrand, Sauze d’Oulx, Sestriere
More information
Code. mail	10056
Prefix	0122
Jet lag	UTC+1
Istat code	001175
Cadastral code	G196
Targa	TO
Cl. seismic	zone 3 (low seismicity) [3]
Cl. climatic	area f, 4 100 gg [4]
Inhabitants name	ulcens
Patron	San Rocco
Holiday	August 16th
Mapping
after-content-x4 Oulx
Location of the Municipality of Oulx in the Metropolitan City of Turin.
Institutional site
Change data on wikidata · Manual

Oulx (pronounce [‘ULKS] , Ors O Ols in Occitan; Ols in Piedmontese; Italianized in Ulzio from 1937 to 1960) is an Italian municipality of 3 235 inhabitants ^[2] of the Metropolitan City of Turin in Piedmont. It is located in the upper Val di Susa.

Territory [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Oulx stands on a plateau in the center of the Alta Val di Susa, in the confluence area between the Dora Riparia and the Dora of Bardonecchia, about 75 kilometers west of Turin and 25 from Susa. Located on the slopes of Mount Cotolivier (2,105 m), it is dominated north by the imposing top of the Seguret (2,926 m) and is located little downstream of the well -known ski resort of Sauze d’Oulx, to which it is connected by a provincial road.

A short distance from the town, starting from via Pelusierees, you meet the Borello lake , also known as Oulx pond , a very peculiar damp area as typical animal and vegetable species coexist both in the Alpine and plain area. Former peat cava of peat and clay exploited for the construction in 1860 of the Frejus railway tunnel, it was then abandoned and therefore invaded by the water slopes that emerged at the base of the Cotolivier. Currently due to the progressive deposits of organic material, however, the watertight is in the burial phase. To protect this particular and suggestive place, the Province of Turin established a small provincial park in 2004, the Oulx Stagno Reserve , which covers an area of ​​82 hectares extending between 1,063 and 1,249 meters above sea level.

The capital of Oulx is historically divided into three villages: Upper village (O Borgo Vecchio O Viere ), Lower village (O Plan ) It is Abbey .

Climate [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

The name of the Municipality, attested for the first time in 880 in the form Ulces , from the Indo -European root *Pelk / *Polk = surrounding, reeling. Celtic base *Olka = fenced field. Lat. Medioevale Olca / Holca / Aura / Auca / Oca / Ocha / Ochia / Blog / Algia / Augia / Oscia / Osca / Oska / Coldcia = Fented land ^[5] It is attributable to the proper name of a Celtic person Ulkos (probably in the sense of “ground owned by Ulkos”). From there the Frenchization Oulx and the subsequent Italianization Ulzio . ^[6] And said Ors [ʊɾs] o Ols [ʊls] in Occitan and Piedmontese.

Origins [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Redges of the precial period at Soubras, they tell us that the first settlements in the Oulx area are very remote, even if the village arises later, in Roman times. There is no documentation up to 900 after Christ, according to the tradition of years of the Saracens raids throughout the Susa valley. It is precisely in the fight against them that San Giusta of Novalesa would have been killed, who rushed to Oulx with the San Flaviano Conframello, in defense of the population from his Beaulard refuge. ^[7]

The dolphin [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

At the beginning of the year 1000, the bishop of Shark, Giraldo, founded a religious community at Ulcium , which will be recognized by Bishop Cuniberto who attributes to her decime and churches. Ulcium It belongs to the nascent dolphinth, it is the seat of the Prevostura di San Lorenzo with an adjoining convent and is acquiring importance: two popes, Urban II and Callisto II will enrich it with various donations. The provost of Oulx enjoys considerable prerogatives. Until the year in which 1749 is suppressed, the Prevostura remains a fundamental point of religious power in the Western Alps. In the twelfth century Oulx also became an important administrative and commercial center whose interests collide with those of the abbot of Susa and the Delfino.

Republic of Escartons [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

From the need for greater independence, a new administrative experience was born in 1343, that of Escort . Oulx, the Briançonnais, the Val Chisone, the Varaita Valley and the Queyras associate and administer independently, paying their heartbroken to Delfino Umberto II, which however in 1349, with the Treaty of Romans Stipulated with Filippo di Valois, all the Delfinato, including Oulx included to the Crown of France. The experience of Escort , which are called from the tax escort who have to pay every year to the dolphin, continues until 1713 and is, with the Swiss cantons, a rare example of Alpine administrative autonomy. By thinning out of the transit towards Provence during the Renaissance, the country loses importance. But it remains again Escort autonomous. In this period the Montinevro pass assumes greater importance for the transit of troops to Italy.

It starts with the sixteenth century a tormented and difficult period for Oulx and the whole upper Susa valley. The wars of religion between Catholics and Waldensians lead to the fire and looting of the Prevostura, by the Waldensians, in July 1562, ^[8] The war between France and Spain gives no respite to the peace of Cateau-Cambrésis (1559). During the 16th century, local populations are also decimated by pestilences. There are numerous pylons and chapels dedicated to San Rocco, protector against the plague. Oulx concludes his experience as Escort In 1713 when, with the Treaty of Utrecht, Oulx and the Susa Valley with the Alta Val Chisone and Castelfelfino in Val Varaita, they passed to Vittorio Amedeo II of Savoy.

Savoy [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Still transits of French troops on the occasion of the Austrian succession war, but this time the French were stopped by the Piedmontese at the Assietta hill. Subsequently, the Treaty of Aquisgrana (1748) marks the beginning of a period of peace that will last about half a century. The effects of the French revolution also make themselves felt in Oulx, where the trees of freedom are planted, one of which still lives on the provincial road to Sauze.

During the Risorgimento he lives and works in Oulx Luigi des Ambrois (1807 – 1874), interior minister and then of the public works of Carlo Alberto and then president of the Senate of the Kingdom. Important and significant event is the opening of the Frejus railway tunnel in 1871, when the first international train passes. In 1872 the body of the Alpini was founded in Oulx.

From the 1900s [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

With Royal Decree 29/3/1928 n. 752 The municipalities of Beaulard, Savoulx and Sauze d’Oulx were aggregated to that of Oulx. The latter returned to being an autonomous common with legislative decree of the provisional head of the state 10/6/1947, n. 598.
In 1937 the name of the Municipality was Italianized in Ulzio , together with many others in the province of Turin, and the denomination of the Sauze d’Oulx hamlet undergoes the same fate by changing in Salice D’Ulzio ^[9] . Meanwhile, the country enlarges, incorporates the hamlets and becomes the seat of the pretura.

At the start of the Second World War, the attack starts from the crests between the Chaberton and the narrow valley and in the desert area. The signs of the clashes are still visible on Punta Clotesse and on the Grand’hoche as well as in the mountains of Oulx there are still bunker, frisia horses and often unexploded devices.

In 1960 the Municipality resumed the original name ^[ten] .

In Oulx, the “Fiera Franca” is held every year, now in 2020 at the 526th edition. The event has its roots in 1494, when the country was crossed by the armies of Charles VIII on march towards the Kingdom of Naples. The population had to support great sacrifices to provide food and fodder to the militias and as rewarding the sovereign granted Oulx to keep a “Franca” fair annually, or exempt from loud taxes.

More recently, the Franca Fair was established every year on the first Sunday of October: on that date the Fair animates the country with exhibitions, stalls, animals, food and wine products.

The village of Oulx and the hamlet of Gad were important points of transit and parking of the pilgrims on the historical track of the Via Francigena from the Montinevro hill, which then continues towards Salbertrand and Exilles and through Susa heads to Rivoli and Turin. ^[11]

Heart of the upper Susa valley, Oulx still retains remarkable historical vestiges, especially in the upper village, along the paved road that climbs to Sauze d’Oulx. More devoted, near the railway station there is Abbey : the current church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus (1886) was built on the remains (10th century) of the prevost of San Lorenzo di Oulx, initially an oratory dependent on the Abbey of the Novalesa with the name of The martyrs , then canonical Augustinian erected in a rash of Prevostura, a semi-autonomous body that controlled much of the churches of the valleys of Susa, Chisone and Brianzonese (now French) and subject to the diocese of Turin. Complex consisting of numerous buildings, according to studies ^[twelfth] He presented a main church of Romanesque construction from the architectural ambitions worthy of the rank of this institution, with a rare dome on the eighth tiburium. The Prevostura was seriously damaged by floods, religious wars and a fire in the late 16th century; Housed in 1609, it collapsed in 1854, and then be reconstructed in the current, much simpler forms.

In the superior village worthy of note is the Torre semi -final (O Torre Dei Saraceni) (14th century) ^[13] , recently restored, while on the top of the village, on the road to Sauze d’Oulx, there is the parish church of Santa Maria Assunta of the fifteenth century, widely remodeled in 1862. Also known as Viére, the upper village retains numerous historic buildings of families Nobles and bourgeois of this alpine center.

In addition to the Piazza Mistral collection, along the main street (named after the Des Ambrois family who owned two buildings here) meet:

• The public fountain covered
• The fifteenth -century Gally house (with facade on wooden sportsmen, a wonderful stone portal and cruise window on the side)
• I due Palazzi des Ambrois
• a house with balcony (17th century),
• Casa Bermond

In the lower village, called Plan, the dolphin fountain in Piazza Garambois, the inspiring of the fountain reproduced in the eighty -eighteenth -century medieval village of Turin and the sixteenth -century Palazzo del Capitano La Cazette are remarkable, with stone cruise windows and door with epigraph.
Numerous houses and historical-architectural sites are illustrated through the “panels of the” Des Ambrois route “, created for the 150th of the Unification of Italy.

In the hamlets, they are subject to protection, in addition to the remains of the Castle of Bealard, the churches of Beaulard, Chateau Beaulard, Puy Bealard, Royeres, Signols, Savoulx, Refour: some of them present splendid frescoes.

Demographic evolution [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Inhabitants surveyed ^[14]

Foreigners [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

According to Istat data at 31 December 2019, the resident foreign population was 374 people.

The nationality most represented on the basis of their percentage on the total resident population were:

• Romania: 247 people, equal to 7.38% of the population

In Oulx there are two outputs of the A32 motorway, Turin-Bardonecchia, open to traffic in the early nineties, through which Turin is reached in 40 minutes.

The Oulx-Cesana-Claviere-Sestriere (TGV) station is located on the Frejus railway line. Bus services for all places in the upper Susa valley and for Briançon start from Oulx station.

Below is a table relating to the administrations that have followed in this municipality.

Period		Mayor	Match	Load	Note
4 July 1985	May 25, 1990	Renato Peracca	civic list	Mayor	[15]
May 25, 1990	April 24, 1995	Renato Peracca	civic list	Mayor	[15]
April 24, 1995	June 14, 1999	Maria Evelina said	–	Mayor	[15]
June 14, 1999	June 14, 2004	Maria Evelina said	center-left	Mayor	[15]
June 14, 2004	June 8, 2009	Mauro Cassi	civic list	Mayor	[15]
June 8, 2009	May 26, 2014	Paolo de Marchis	civic list	Mayor	[15]
May 26, 2014	May 27, 2019	Paolo de Marchis	civic list of democracy participation	Mayor	[15]
May 27, 2019	in charge	Andrea Terzolo	civic list commitment for the common good	Mayor	[15]

Twinning [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Other administrative information [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

The Municipality was part of the Mountain Community Valle Susa and Val Sangone.

• City and towns of Italy , vol. I, De Agostini, 1966
• Oulx – The Church art, history , SDS Editrice, 1988
• Lous Escartoun. Historical events of the Escartons d’Oulx and the Val Chisone Alzani, 1998
• Carlo Tosco, “Alpine architecture and landscape in the Romanesque age”, pages. 85-93, in “The artistic heritage of the Susa Valley”, Umberto Allemandi & C., Turin 2005
• Michele Ruggiero, History of the Susa valley , Editore Editore, Pinerolo (TO), 1998. ISBN 88-8170-032-8
• Dictionary of toponymy , Utet, 2006. ISBN 88-02-07228-0
• Tesori d’Arte and Culture Tesori Project, Alpine religious art itineraries, Susa Valley , Borgone Susa 2009
• Tesori d’Arte and Culture Tesori Project, Alpine culture and nature itineraries, Susa Valley , Borgone Susa 2010
• Tesori d’Arte and Culture Tesori Project, Alpine culture and nature itineraries, Oulx and Cesana valleys , Borgone Susa 2013