pujols (gironde) — wikipedia

Hikes is a commune in southwest France, located in the department of Gironde, in the New Aquitaine region.

Located on a promontory overlooking the Escouach and Dordogne valleys, about 5 km as the crow flies to the south (left bank) of the latter, south of Castillon-la-Bataille, the town of Pujols is located at 49 km east of Bordeaux, chief town of the department and 24 km south-east of Libourne, chief town of arrondissement ^{[ first ]} .

Neighboring municipalities [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The neighboring municipalities are Mouliets-et-Villemartin to the north, Doulezon to the east, Ruch southeast over about a kilometer, bossugan in the southwest and Saint-Pey-de-Castets to the west.

Communications et transports [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The main road communication route is the departmental road D 17 which passes less than a kilometer to the west of the village and which leads north to Castillon-la-Bataille and south in Bossugan and, beyond, in Pellegrue; The village is crossed by the departmental road D 18 which leads west to this D 17 Then in Saint-Pey-de-Castets and west towards Doulezon and, beyond, in Gensac as well as by the departmental road D 232 who joins the D 17 north and south of the village.
Access to the closest Dordogne (Department of Dordogne) is the nearest Dordogne Dordogne is the so-called Castillon-la-Bataille bridge (Pierres-et-Villemartin and Castillon-la-Bataille), on the road departmental D 17 , distant from 5.5 km to the north ; The so-called Saint-Magne-de-Castillon bridge (“Eiffel” bridge between Mouliets-et-Villemartin and Saint-Magne-de-Castillon), on the departmental road D 119 , distant from 6 km to the north-northwest.
Access to the nearest A89 (Bordeaux-Lyon) motorway is that of the motorway exchanger with the national road 89 which is 25 km to the northwest, while access n ^O 11, said of Coutras, is 28 distant km to the north and access n ^O 12, said of Montpon, is 32 distant km to the northeast.
Access to the nearest A62 (Bordeaux-Toulouse) motorway is the n ^O 4, said of La Réole, 38 distant km by road to the south.

The nearest SNCF station is the one, 6.5 distant km Towards North North West, from Castillon-la-Bataille, on the Libourne-Sarlat line of Ter New Aquitaine.

Hydrography [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Notable rivers watering the municipal territory are, on the one hand, in the south, the Escouach, which acts as a territorial limit with the municipality of Ruch, then continues west towards Saint-Pey-de-Castets and Civrac-sur-Dordogne where he throws himself into the Dordogne, on the other hand, to the north, his tributary, the Romedol which acts as a limit with Mouliets-et-Villemartin before joining the Escouach in the town of Saint-Saint Pey-de-Castets and, finally, the stream of Pedayne, tributary of Romedol, which is born in the east of the town.

Climate [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The climate that characterizes the municipality was qualified, in 2010, as “altered ocean climate”, according to the typology of the climates of France which then had eight main types of climates in mainland France ^{[ 2 ]} . In 2020, the municipality emerged from the same type of climate in the classification established by Météo-France, which now only has five main types of climates in mainland France. It is a transitional area between the oceanic climate, the mountain climate and the semi-continental climate. The temperature differences between winter and summer increase with the removal of the sea. The rainfall is lower than in the sea, except near the reliefs ^{[ 3 ]} .

The climatic parameters which made it possible to establish the typology of 2010 have six variables for temperatures and eight for precipitation, whose values ​​correspond to normal 1971-2000 ^{[ Note 1 ]} . The seven main variables characterizing the municipality are presented in the box below.

With climate change, these variables have evolved. A study carried out in 2014 by the Directorate General of Energy and Climate ^{[ 6 ]} supplemented by regional studies ^{[ 7 ]} provides indeed that the average temperature should grow and the average rainfall is lower, with high regional variations. These changes can be noted on the nearest Météo-France weather station, “Sauveterre-de-Guyenne”, in the town of Sauveterre-de-Guyenne, commissioned in 1978 ^{[ 8 ]} and which is 13 km as the crow flies ^{[ 9 ] , [ Note 4 ]} , where the average annual temperature is 13.3 °C and the precipitation height of 809.1 mm For the period 1981-2010 ^{[ ten ]} .
On the closest historic weather station, “Bergerac”, in the town of Bergerac, in the Dordogne department, commissioned in 1988 and 41 km ^{[ 11 ]} , the average annual temperature evolves from 13.2 °C For the period 1971-2000 ^{[ twelfth ]} , To 13.1 °C For 1981-2010 ^{[ 13 ]} , then 13.3 °C For 1991-2020 ^{[ 14 ]} .

Typology [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Pujols is a rural commune, because it is one of the municipalities that are not very little dense, in the sense of the municipal gate of density of INSEE ^{[ Note 5 ] , [ 15 ] , [ 16 ] , [ 17 ]} .
The municipality is also outside the attraction of cities ^{[ 18 ] , [ 19 ]} .

Land use [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Map of infrastructure and land use of the municipality in 2018 (CLC).

The occupation of the soils of the municipality, as it emerges from the European Database for Biophysics of Corine Land Cover (CLC), is marked by the importance of agricultural territories (90.8% in 2018) , nevertheless decreased compared to 1990 (94.9%). The detailed distribution in 2018 is as follows:
Permanent crops (60.7%), arable land (11%), heterogeneous agricultural areas (10.8%), meadows (8.3%), forests (5.1%), urbanized areas (4.1%) ^{[ 20 ]} .

The IGN also provides an online tool to compare the evolution over time of the soil occupation of the municipality (or territories to different scales). Several eras are accessible in the form of aerial cards or photos: the Cassini card ( XVIII ^{It is} century), the staff map (1820-1866) and the current period (1950 to today) ^{[ Card 1 ]} .

Major risks [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The territory of the town of Pujols is vulnerable to different natural vagaries: meteorological (storm, storm, snow, cold, heat wave or drought), floods, ground movements and earthquake (very low seismicity). It is also exposed to a technological risk, the rupture of a dam ^{[ 21 ]} . A site published by the BRGM makes it possible to simply and quickly assess the risks of a property located either by your address or by the number of its plot ^{[ 22 ]} .

Natural risks [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The municipality was recognized as a natural disaster state for damage caused by floods and mudslides that occurred in 1982, 1997, 1999 and 2009 ^{[ 23 ] , [ 21 ]} .

The movements of land likely to occur in the town are landslides, falls of stones and blocks ^{[ 24 ]} .

Map of the Alea Retracking areas of the Pujols clay soils.

Removing clay soils is likely to cause significant damage to buildings in the event of alternating periods of drought and rain. The entire municipality is in medium or strong hazard (67.4% at the departmental level and 48.5% at the national level). Of the 324 buildings counted in the town in 2019, 324 are in a medium or strong hazard, or 100%, to be compared to the 84% at the departmental level and 54% at the national level. A mapping of the national territory exhibition to the swelling of the clay soils is available on the BRGM website ^{[ 25 ] , [ Card 2 ]} .

In addition, in order to better understand the risk of subsidence of land, the national inventory of underground cavities makes it possible to locate those located in the town ^{[ 26 ]} .

Regarding land movements, the municipality was recognized as a natural disaster under damage caused by field movements in 1999 ^{[ 21 ]} .

Technological risks [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

The municipality is also located downstream of the Bort-les-Orgues dam, a work on the Dordogne of Class A ^{[ Note 6 ]} subject to PPI, with a deduction of 477 million cubic meters ^{[ 28 ]} . As such it is likely to be affected by the submersion wave following the rupture of this work ^{[ 29 ]} .

The toponym ” Hill », Also surname, is quite frequent in Occitan and Catalan linguistic areas; This is an Occitan word from Latin Low podiollum With the meaning of “little hill” and derived from Latin himself podium which designates a “console”, an “elevation”. The name of Hikes is due to its situation at a hundred meters above sea level.

The name of the town is Pujòus In Gascon.

Residents are the Pujolais ^{[ 30 ]} .

During the Revolution, the Notre-Dame de Pujols parish forms the town of Pujols ^{[ thirty first ]} .

The July 22, 1944 , Admiral Charles Plato, Secretary of State of Marshal Pétain, is removed by the maquisards of 6 ^{It is} FTP battalion at his home in Pujols. Sentenced to death, the August 18, 1944 in Valojoulx ^{[ 32 ]} .

The evolution of the number of inhabitants is known through the population censuses made in the municipality since 1793. From 2006, the legal populations of the municipalities are published annually by INSEE. The census is now based on an annual information collection, successively concerning all the municipal territories during a period of five years. For municipalities with less than 10,000 inhabitants, a census survey relating to the entire population is carried out every five years, the legal populations of the intermediate years being estimated by interpolation or extrapolation ^{[ 34 ]} . For the municipality, the first exhaustive census falling within the framework of the new system was carried out in 2006 ^{[ 35 ]} .

In 2020, the town had 526 inhabitants ^{[ Note 7 ]} , in decrease of 9.15%compared to 2014 (Gironde: +7.23%, France excluding Mayotte: +13%).

Histogram of demographic evolution

Places and monuments [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

Heraldry [ modifier | Modifier and code ]

	Pujols’ weapons are thus biting: Torn apart, in the first and fourth silver at the azure band, the second and the third gules with the grape bunch of silver leafyle of a gold coin .

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