Suessula — Wikipedia
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The Etruscan City of Suessula or Suesola was a city located near the current city of Acerra, Campania.
Suessula or Suesola was an ancient city of Campania. The city was on a strategic position and was crossed by Via Popilia, the most important path of the antiquity in the southern region of the Italian peninsula.
First dominated by the Osques, she then passed into the hands of the Etruscans which included it in the Etruscan Dodecapolis of Campania.
The city was the scene of several battles between the Samnites and the Romans who kept a large part of their army in reserve in order to deal with any eventuality. An important battle between the two parties having taken place in 341 A.J.-C. was won by the Romans commanded by Consul Marcus Valerius Corvus.
In 339 BC. The city passed under Roman domination as States without a vote .
In the republican era it became municipality After the defeat of Capua prefecture and finally military colony by Sylla decree.
During the High Middle Ages she was an episcopal and gastaldie Lombard siege.
In 880 the city was destroyed by the Sarrazins. The city periclitated following its destruction on the part of the Saracens (880) and the swamps and the forests gradually invaded the area, which led to its disappearance and its oblivion.
Suessula was rediscovered in the second half of the XIX It is century of. J.-C. . It is located in the northeast part of the territory of the commune of Acerra in the province of Naples.
The site included many monuments and churches. The ruins of the ancient cathedral were visible until the end of the XVIII It is century. During his inexorable decline, the inhabitants gradually abandoned the place to forget his existence.
A notarial act, dating from 1028 found by the historian Gaetano corporal, nevertheless attests the existence of a habitat at that time.
King Ferdinand I is of the two-siciles had a building called in the ancient city called in the ancient city called Casina spinelli as well as a hunting reserve in the wooded area known as Calabricito (until 1830).
The particularity of Farmhouse lies in the fact that the building encompasses a tower of the Lombard era.
The first excavations of the site were undertaken from 1872 to 1886 by the Counts Spinelli di Scalea, owners of the premises.
Many archaeological parts were found and installed in the so -called home Casina spinelli which became, at the time, one of the richest private museums.
Many scholars like Amedeo Maiuri and Friedrich von Duhn [ first ] visited him. Visits succeeded until the start of the Second World War. In 1943, the command of the German forces occupied the villa and prevailed until October. Before abandoning the villa the German officers degraded archaeological pieces in gold, a particular gold called ” Spinelli gold ». The objects not recovered to date were very rare jewels of the archaic era, unique examples of the goldsmithery of the time.
In 1945 at the end of the war, the Casina spinelli was found stripped of all the decorations and furniture from the 1700s. Indeed the Anglo-American troops had used them as firewood. Fortunately the windows, with the most important part of the archaeological parts, had escaped destruction.
In order to put the collection in a safe place, the widow Spinelli donated most of the collection to the National Archaeological Museum in Naples provided that it carries the name “Glantione Spinelli”.
The building of the villa is protected as good of historical-archeological interest by law 01/06/39 n O 1089; DPR of 1977, n O 616 modified.
- F. von Duhn, The Necropolis of Suessula , in Rome. Grant. II (1887), p. 243 ss.
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