Territorial abbey of Subiaco – Wikipedia

Posted on by
before-content-x4

The Collegiate Collegiate of Sant’Andrea di Subiaco, Concatadrale of the diocese from 1892 to 2002; The former seminar of the abbey diocese, wanted by Pope Pius VI, abbot commendatario of Subiaco, is sneeled on the left.
The abbey fortress of Subiaco, residence of the commendatari abbots.
Juan de Torquemada first abate commendatriario di subiaco (1456-1567 / 68).

L’ Territorial abbey of Subiaco (in latino: Abbey Territorial Sublacoensis ) is a headquarters of the Catholic Church in Italy immediately subject to the Holy See belonging to the Lazio ecclesiastical region. In 2019 he had 36 baptized on 36 inhabitants. Mauro Meacci is lined with Abbot.

after-content-x4

Until 2002, the territorial abbey of Subiaco extended its jurisdiction over 29 parishes [first] In the Municipalities of Camerata Nuova, Cervara of Rome, Cerreto Laziale, Gerano, Canterano, Rocca Santo Stefano, Agosta, Marano Equo, Subiaco, Affile, Arcinazzo Romano, Bellegra, Roiate, Jenne and Trevi in ​​Lazio.

With the decree Venerable Abbey Subiacoensis of the congregation for the bishops, the territory was limited to the monasteries of Santa Scolastica and San Benedetto (or Sacro Speco) and to the Benedictine properties on the Mount Taleo and in the hill of Collelungo.

Inside the monastery of Santa Scolastica there is the Cathedral of the same name, which is also the only parish of the territorial abbey.

Abbey of Santa Scolastica.

The monastery of Santa Scolastica di Subiaco, at the origin of the homonymous territorial abbey, was one of the thirteen monasteries founded by San Benedetto da Norcia in the first half of the 6th century in the sublacse territory.

Fundamental for the knowledge of the history of the monastery and the various exemptions and privileges with which it was endowed is the Real Submit . After the destruction by the Saracens, the monastery of the saints Benedetto and Scholastica (today Santa Scolastica) was reconstructed and obtained from Pope Leo VII the first properties and above all, on May 29, 939, the exemption from episcopal jurisdiction. [2] A further concession was given by Emperor Otto I on 11 January 967, according to which the sublacse abbey obtained the immunity on a series of lands and castles of its owned, thus becoming an autonomous state in the context of the Holy Roman Empire; Temporal autonomy forgiven until 1753. [3]

«Another important document of the Regesto is the privilege of John XVIII (1004-1009) of 21 July 1005, with which the possessions and rights of the abbey were confirmed and were removed from the order powers of the diocesan bishop not only the monastery, But also the rural churches. So we can talk about abbey no [4] Only for the monastery and churches incorporated to it. The privilege was also confirmed by Leone IX (1049-1054) in 1051. ” [5]

The 11th and twelfth century is the golden age of the Subiaco monastery, governed by “figures of abbots of great importance” [5] , including Peter II (992-1003), revered as a saint, Umberto (1051-1060), which built the first chapel of the “Sacro Speco”, and Giovanni VII (1068-1120), that the Chronicon sublacense who loves glorious abbot .

after-content-x4

In the second half of the fourteenth century, the abbey entered into crisis, increasingly at the mercy of the most powerful families and families of the time, also disturbed by the schism which then divided the Catholic Church. Pope Urban VI in 1388 filed the abbot Francesco da Padova and appointed Tommaso da Celano in his place, documented for the first time as abbot of Subiaco on December 15, 1389. With this decision, the Pope took away from the monks the freedom to choose his own Abbot, and began the series of the Curia abbots, that is, named by the Holy See. Egidi writes, that “the urban reform was probably suggested to you very probably by the need for the Pope to have the safer and less easy abbey to lend ear to his enemies … among the monks and the abbot chosen by the Curia often not V ‘It was a link from the common monastic religion, there was always a natural contrast of interests. The Curiale abbot basically is only a papal officer and very often a favorite, a member of a powerful family; He rules on behalf and in favor of the Roman Court, collecting the decime and censuses, but does not neglect, often he has it at the top of his thoughts, his interest, and makes the charge he occupies more lavishly that he is possible. ” [6]

A few decades later, also the Abbey of Subiaco, like many other ecclesiastical institutions of the time, was granted to commend to the Cardinals of Curia. When the sub -lacese monasteries were annexed to the Cassinese Congregation (1514), a double hierarchy came to create: on the one hand the Cardinal Abbiati Commendatari, who exercised the temporal and spiritual jurisdiction on the territories and the churches that depended on the abbey government; on the other the claustral abbots [7] , elected by the chapter of the Cassinese Congregation, which had the sole function of administering the religious life within the two monasteries of Subiaco. [8] The first commendatory abbot was Juan de Torquemada, who entered office on January 16, 1456: during his government the abbey was endowed in 1465 with a typography, the first in Italy.

Rodrigo Borgia, future Pope Alexander VI and Abbot Commander from 1471 to his election to the papal throne, completed the restorations of the Rocca di Subiaco, started by his predecessors, which from this moment the usual residence of the commander in the periods in which they stayed a Subiaco. After Rodrigo Borgia, the abbey commander passed to the column family, who maintained it for over a century, until 1608.

The contrasts with the bishops of Tivoli for the spiritual jurisdiction on the parishes disputed between the two institutions were secular. The question was resolved in the seventeenth century when the Barberini were commended abbots, who through a series of “transactions” with the neighboring bishops defined the territory of the abbey once no Sublacense. In 1638 a first transaction, the one with the bishop of Tivoli Giulio Roma, put an end to the jurisdiction of Bishop Tiburtino on Subiaco and other castles in the area; This transaction was approved by Pope Urban VIII, also of the Barberini family, with the bubble The sacrosancta militant church of November 15th. The following year two other transactions with the bishops of Palestrina and Anagni brought the territories of Ponza (today Arcinazzo Romano), Roiate, Civate, Civatella (today Bellegra), Jenne and Trevi, under the spiritual jurisdiction of the abbots sublansese; These transactions were also approved by Urbano VIII.

These decisions definitively constituted the abbey diocese of Subiaco. Commendatari spent the task of creating a diocesan organization with their own structures, with its own curia and with its own separate archive and distinct from that of the monastery. These retain the acts of numerous pastoral visits carried out by the Commendatari; The first is the one made in 1640 by Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, bishop of Camerino and future Pope Clement X, on behalf of Cardinal Antonio Barberini. [9] In the bubble The sacrosancta militant church Urban VIII ordered the Commendatario Antonio Barberini the celebration of an Diocesan Synod, which however did not celebrate. The first Synod was called in June 1674 in the monastery of Santa Scolastica by the Commendatario Carlo Barberini, Abbey SubiLacensis Abbot, and permanently commendation, and the ordinary diocese . [ten]

With the birth of a real diocese, the Commendatari used more and more often the collegiate church of Sant’Andrea, in the center of Subiaco, as a “de facto” cathedral, thus entering into contrast with the monks, which they claimed for their abbey church of Santa Scolastica the privilege of cathedrality. The church of Sant’Andrea underwent remarkable restorations and remakes with Cardinal Giovanni Angelo Braschi, who maintained the title of abbot commendatory even when, on February 15, 1775, he was elected Pope with the name of Pius VI. He also owes the establishment of the diocesan seminary in the building adjacent to Sant’Andrea, who equipped with a rich library of over 5,000 volumes, which today constitute the most important fund of the monastic library. [11]

In 1753 Pope Benedict XIV, with the bubble Recommended to us of 7 November, put an end to the temporal power of the commendatari abbots, entrusting the new abbot Giovanni Francesco bankers only the spiritual jurisdiction on the abbey and its diocese, while the territory, from a civilian point of view, was permanently integrated into the papal state under the ‘Authority of the Apostolic Chamber. [twelfth]

To put an end to the disagreements between the abbey chapter of Santa Scolastica and the secular one of Sant’Andrea, Pope Leo XIII, with the decree To the questions of the germina of the Constitutional Congregation of 26 April 1892, established that the only cathedral of the abbey no It was the monastic church of Santa Scolastica, and granted the title of Concatadrale to the Basilica of Sant’Andrea. [13]

Pope Pius X was the last commendatory abbot. In fact, with the apostolic constitution CONNABLY SUBLACENSE of March 21, 1915, Pope Benedict XV deleted after four centuries the commenda and the title of “commendatory abbot”; At first, the abbey diocese was entrusted to Apostolic Administration to the Abbot General Sublacense Mauro Serafini, until the appointment of the first ordinary abbot in 1917 in the person of Simone Lorenzo Salvi, already a clok abbot since 1909.

In the 1930s, the abbot Salvi transferred the diocesan seminary from the ancient headquarters to the Co -Cathedral of Sant’Andrea inside the monastery of Santa Scolastica. [11]

On July 16, 2002, with the decree Venerable Abbey Subiacoensis of the congregation for the bishops, the abbey, while retaining the privilege of territoriality, has sold the pastoral care of the parishes to the nearby dioceses: Camerata Nuova, Cervara of Rome, Cerreto Laziale, Gerano, Canterano, Agosta, Marano Equi, Subiaco, Affile , Roman Arcinazzo and Jenne to the diocese of Tivoli; Rocca Santo Stefano, Bellegra and Roiate at the Suburbicaria headquarters of Palestrina; and Trevi in ​​Lazio to the diocese of Anagni-Alatri.

The periods of vacancies not exceeding 2 years or not historically ascertained are omitted.
The following chronotaxes consists of four sections:

Abati claustrali [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

  • Benedetto da Norcia † (505 – 529)
  • Honored †
  • Leone I †
  • Stephen †
  • John i †
  • Leone II † (before February 923 – after April 943)
  • Elia? † (about 943/947)
  • Leone III † (before March 947 – after August 961)
  • John II † (mentioned in May 963)
  • Giorgio † (before December 964 – after March 971)
  • Mayon † (before February 973 – after February 974)
  • Pietro I † (mentioned in November 974)
  • Benedict II † (before January 976 – after March 982)
  • Martino † (mentioned in September 984)
  • Gregorio † (before June 985 – after October 987)
  • Giovanni III † (before October 988 – after April 989)
  • Pietro II † (before February 992 – after July 1003)
  • Teuzone †
  • Benedetto III † [18]
  • Stefano I † (before 1005 – after January 1009)
  • Giovanni IV † (mentioned in August 1010)
  • Stefano II † (mentioned in April 1011)
  • Giovanni V † (5 May 1013 – 10 May 1022)
  • Demetrio † (mentioned between June and August 1024)
  • Benedetto IV † (before May 1030 – after July 1038)
  • Giovanni VI † (mentioned in 1042)
  • Attone † (before November 1045 – after June 15, 1046)
  • Gregorio Paparoni † (first December 1046 – after July 1051)
  • Umberto † (before 31 October 1051 – after November 1060)
  • Attone Giovanni (Giovanni de Azza) † (mentioned in 1064)
  • Giovanni VII † (10 June 1068 – 2 May 1120 deceased)
  • Pietro III † (before February 1126 – 1145 deceased)
  • Oddone † (1145 deposed) [19]
  • Simone † (1149 – November/December 1183 deceased)
  • Beraldo † (1184 – after April 20, 1189 deceased)
  • Romano † (before April 5, 1193 – 29 August 1216 deceased)
  • Giovanni VIII † (before June 16, 1217 – about 1227 deceased)
  • Lando † (before August 3, 1227 – after September 2, 1243)
  • Enrico † (before June 25, 1245 – 19 February 1273 deceased)
  • Guglielmo I † (May/June 1276 – after 26 July 1285)
  • Bartolomeo I † (before 13 November 1286 – 28 October 1296 appointed bishop of Foligno)
  • Francesco De Romania † (24 September 1299 – 22 January 1303 resigned)
  • Bartolomeo II † (April 2, 1318 – after 11 June 1343)
  • Giovanni IX † (before October 3, 1344 – June 1348 deceased)
  • Pietro IV † (before September 22, 1348 – after 30 September 1350)
  • Angelo † (before 1 March 1351 – before August 23, 1353)
  • Ademaro † (before August 23, 1353 – March/July 1358 deceased)
  • Corrado † (January/March 1360 – 23 March 1362 discharged)
  • Bartolomeo da Siena † (before May 2, 1363 – after September 28, 1369)
  • Francesco da Padova † (before 16 October 1369 – after 12 June 1388 deposed)

Abati curiale [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

  • Tommaso da Celano † (before December 15, 1389 – after 27 August 1413) [20]
    • Nicola Seyringer of Matzen † (elected abbot)
  • Sagace accounts † (before April 29, 1414 – 13 November 1419 appointed abbot -cava of quarry)
  • Matteo del Carretto † (before September 3, 1421 – after May 24, 1428)
  • Antonio da Ravenna † (mentioned on May 20, 1431)
  • Giacomo Cordoni da Narni † (before February 26, 1435 – after 25 July 1441)
  • Guglielmo II † (before December 14, 1446 – 13 August 1455 deposed)

Abati commendation [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

Ordinary abbots [ change | Modifica Wikitesto ]

The territorial abbey in 2019 on a population of 36 people counted 36 baptized, corresponding to 100.0% of the total.

year population Presbyteri deacons religious parishes
baptized total % number secular regular baptized for presbyter men women
1950 36.672 36.672 100.0 84 44 40 436 53 40 25
1970 29,727 29,730 100.0 84 44 40 353 sixty four forty six 27
1980 26,510 26,597 99.7 71 40 thirty first 373 49 40 23
1990 26.101 26.195 99.6 62 thirty first thirty first 420 54 56 22
1999 26,900 27.021 99.6 55 29 26 489 38 forty six 22
2000 27,543 27,762 99.2 60 thirty first 29 459 39 35 22
2001 27,560 27.791 99.2 sixty one 35 26 451 35 34 22
2002 20 20 100.0 16 16 first 23 6
2003 38 38 100.0 16 16 2 24 9 first
2004 38 38 100.0 16 16 2 23 9 first
two thousand and thirteen 38 38 100.0 13 first twelfth 2 22 6 first
2016 36 36 100.0 14 first 13 2 23 6 first
2019 36 36 100.0 13 13 2 21 5 first
  1. ^ The list of parishes is published in decree Venerable Abbey Subiacoensis , AAS 94 (2002), PP. 761-763.
  2. ^ Kehr, Pontifical Italy , p. 89, nº 14.
  3. ^ Paolo Rosati, The borders of the possessions of the Sublacense monastery in the Middle Ages (X-XIII century) , in the archive of the Roman Society of Homeland History, vol. 135 (2012), pp. 31-62.
  4. ^ The expression no O none of the diocese , literally “of no diocese”, indicates the spiritual independence of the abbey from the diocesan bishops of the territory.
  5. ^ a b From the site BEWEB – Ecclesiastical goods on web .
  6. ^ Egidi, The monasteries of Subiaco, I. Historical news , p. 141.
  7. ^ From 1516 to 1909 there were about 140 claustral abbots who reached the government of the two sublacse abbeys. Lugano, Benedictine Italy , pp. 147-151.
  8. ^ The union of sub -lacense monasteries with Monte Cassino lasted until 1867, when Pope Pius IX approved the new sub -lacense congregation, founded by Pietro Francesco Casaretto.
  9. ^ Filippo Caraffa, Pastoral visits in southern Lazio from the Council of Trent to the 19th century , in notebooks of the ecclesiastical archival association, year XXII-XXIII (1979-1980), pp. 258-259.
  10. ^ Diocesan synod was marked by Abbey Subiaco nullius diocese, celebrated by the eminent and reverend master … Charles Barberinum , Rome 1674.
  11. ^ a b The diocesan library Pio VI are BEWEB – Ecclesiastical goods on web .
  12. ^ Juduelcucelli, Memoirs of Subiaco and his Badia , pp. 282-283.
  13. ^ Information contained in the bubble CONNABLY SUBLACENSE by Benedict XV of 1915.
  14. ^ Egidi, The monasteries of Subiaco, I. Historical news , pp. 207-216.
  15. ^ Egidi, The monasteries of Subiaco, I. Historical news , pp. 216-217.
  16. ^ Egidi, The monasteries of Subiaco, I. Historical news , pp. 217-218; Juduelcucelli, Memoirs of Subiaco and his Badia , pp. 225-360; VAKE, Benedictine Italy , pp. 147-151. Lugano’s text also reports the list of almost 140 cloin abbots from 1516 to 1909.
  17. ^ The title of “ordinary abbot” is that used by the Holy See in the appointments published on the Acta Apostolicae Sedis.
  18. ^ The Teuzone and Benedetto abbots are mentioned in Sacramentario But without finding in the Regestion Sublacense. According to Egidi (p. 209) they would have been abbot in the unspecified era between 984 and the election of Giovanni VII in 1068.
  19. ^ Deposed after nine days of abbey.
  20. ^ According to some chronotaxes (Games), Tommaso da Celano would have been appointed bishop of Anagni. Eubel ignore this information.
  21. ^ Apostolic administrator from 13 August 1455 to 16 January 1456.
  22. ^ Pontifical Annuario 1866, p. 294.
  23. ^ During the holiday of the headquarters, the abbey no He was governed by the apostolic administrator Filippo Manetti, owner of Tripoli di Fenicia.
  24. ^ Pontifical Annuario 1882, p. 309.
  25. ^ Pontifical Annuario 1886, p. 338.
  26. ^ Pontifical Annuario 1888, p. 350.
  27. ^ Already abbot claustral since 1909.
  28. ^ AAS 9 (1917), p. 567.
  29. ^ The appointment to abbot coadjutor in AAS 45 (1953), p. 86.
  30. ^ AAS 69 (1977), p. 727.
  31. ^ AAS 88 (1996), p. 297.

after-content-x4